Multidimensional role of selenium nanoparticles to promote growth and resilience dynamics of against sodium fluoride stress.

High fluoride (F) concentrations negatively affect the seed germination, plant growth, development, and yield of crops. L. is an F-sensitive crop frequently grown on marginal lands affected by F salts.

PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF SHISHA SMOKING AMONG GOMBE STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.

Introduction: Emerging literature suggests that shisha smoke contains many of the same toxicants as cigarette smoke, including carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A single shisha smoking session may involve inhalation of 50-100 times the smoke volume inhaled with a single cigarette. While tobacco control policies have largely centered on cigarette smoking, other forms like shisha, have largely been ignored.

Possible involvement of sialidase and sialyltransferase activities in a stage-dependent recycling of sialic acid in some organs of type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats.

Background: Type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes lead to an aberrant metabolism of sialoglycoconjugates and elevated free serum sialic acid (FSSA) level. The present study evaluated sialidase and sialyltranferase activities in serum and some organs relevant to diabetes at early and late stages of T1D and T2D.

Methods: Sialic acid level with sialidase and sialyltransferase activities were monitored in the serum, liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle and kidney of diabetic animals at early and late stages of the diseases.

Crowd-sourced benchmarking of single-sample tumor subclonal reconstruction.

Subclonal reconstruction algorithms use bulk DNA sequencing data to quantify parameters of tumor evolution, allowing an assessment of how cancers initiate, progress and respond to selective pressures. We launched the ICGC-TCGA (International Cancer Genome Consortium-The Cancer Genome Atlas) DREAM Somatic Mutation Calling Tumor Heterogeneity and Evolution Challenge to benchmark existing subclonal reconstruction algorithms. This 7-year community effort used cloud computing to benchmark 31 subclonal reconstruction algorithms on 51 simulated tumors.

Experiment and Analysis of Variance for Stabilizing Fine-Grained Soils with Cement and Sawdust Ash as Liner Materials.

Due to volume change and low strength, fine-grained soils are problematic in construction. Stabilization with cement and sawdust ash (SDA) by-products can improve engineering properties. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cement and sawdust ash (SDA) in stabilizing fine-grained soils for liner applications.

Marble Powder as a Soil Stabilizer: An Experimental Investigation of the Geotechnical Properties and Unconfined Compressive Strength Analysis.

Fine-grained soils present engineering challenges. Stabilization with marble powder has shown promise for improving engineering properties. Understanding the temporal evolution of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and geotechnical properties in stabilized soils could aid strength assessment.

The genetic dissection of fetal haemoglobin persistence in sickle cell disease in Nigeria.

The clinical severity of sickle cell disease (SCD) is strongly influenced by the level of fetal haemoglobin (HbF) persistent in each patient. Three major HbF loci (BCL11A, HBS1L-MYB, and Xmn1-HBG2) have been reported, but a considerable hidden heritability remains. We conducted a genome-wide association study for HbF levels in 1006 Nigerian patients with SCD (HbSS/HbSβ0), followed by a replication and meta-analysis exercise in four independent SCD cohorts (3,582 patients).

Risk factors and outcomes associated with pregnancy-related acute kidney injury in a high-risk cohort of women in Nigeria.

Introduction: Despite a decline in developed countries, pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) remains a significant contributor to maternal mortality and adverse fetal outcomes in resource-constrained settings. Little is known about the impact of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the incidence and maternal-fetal outcomes associated with pregnancy-related acute kidney injury among a cohort of high-risk women in Nigeria.

Effect of Audio-Visual-Based Art and Music Therapy in Reducing Adolescents Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.

Purpose: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that can develop due to exposure to any event that may result in psychological trauma. This study compared the effect of interactive audio-visual-based art and music therapy in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents who survived abduction in Nigeria.

Methods: A quasiexperiment was carried out in two selected secondary schools in Northern Nigeria.

Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among the migrant workers in Qatar.

Background: Limited data exists on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) infections in migrant populations. This study investigated HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalences and associations among craft and manual workers (CMWs) in Qatar who constitute 60% of Qatar's population.

Methods: A national population-based cross-sectional seroprevalence survey was conducted on the CMW population, all men, between July 26 and September 9, 2020.

Persistent Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Human Mpox.

Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the double-stranded DNA Mpox virus (MPXV). Little information has been published regarding the gastrointestinal system and MPXV. This case presents a patient with active ileitis and 60 days of functionally limiting diarrhea after confirmation of MPXV.

Crisis stabilization units for jail diversion: A preliminary assessment of patient characteristics and outcomes.

Crisis stabilization units (CSUs), which offer a range of short-term psychiatric and psychological services, are one of several treatment programs that may create "alternative to arrest" options for law enforcement. Here, we examined the characteristics of the population who was referred to a newly established CSU in its first year of operation and examined the impact of the CSU on regional jail bookings. Administrative medical records and regional jail booking data were merged to form our study sample.

Kolaviron pre-treatment suppresses 7, 12 dimethylbenzanthracene-induced alterations in estrogen receptor-α, CYP 1A1, oxidative stress and inflammation in female Wistar rats.

Due to the need to develop locally available, cheaper, and efficacious treatment regimens for breast cancer, the chemopreventive effect of kolaviron (KV), an extract of Garcinia kola seeds was examined. Fifty (50) female Wistar rats (120-180 g) were assigned to five groups (control group, 7, 12 dimethylbenzanthracene [DMBA] groups, tamoxifen group) of 10 rats each. They were pre-treated with KV thrice a week for four weeks except control.

An Economic Analysis of the Cost of a Regional Crisis Stabilization Unit.

Crisis stabilization units (CSUs) are one type of "alternative to arrest" program used for jail diversion. We aimed to estimate the economic costs of starting and operating a CSU in Arkansas. We estimated the economic costs of the Pulaski County Regional CSU (PCRCSU) located in Little Rock, Arkansas, from September 1, 2018, to August 31, 2019.

Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Novel Antidiabetic Compounds from Leaves of Linn and (Pers) Decne.

The antihyperglycemic effect of the polyherbal combination of the leaves of Linn (MB) and (pers) Decne (LH) have been reported in our previous study in addition to its documented dietary usages. However, the bioactive principles are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, bioactive antidiabetic compounds from the leaf extracts of Linn and (pers) Decne were isolated and characterized.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is at Herd Immunity in the Majority Segment of the Population of Qatar.

Background: Qatar experienced a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic that disproportionately affected the craft and manual worker (CMW) population, who comprise 60% of the total population. This study aimed to assess ever and/or current infection prevalence in this population.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted during July 26 to September 09, 2020, to assess both anti-SARS-CoV-2 positivity through serological testing and current infection positivity through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

Elevated serum sialic acids, a potent biomarker of alloxan-induced type 1 diabetes in dogs by ethanolic extract of .

Objectives: This study investigated serum sialic acids for a predictive and diagnostic biomarker of diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs and its prognostic value with ethanolic extract of .

Design: Four groups of 3 dogs were used; non-diabetic controls (ND), diabetic-untreated (DU), diabetic insulin-treated (DI) and diabetic extract-treated (DE). Free serum sialic acids (FSSA) and erythrocyte surface sialic acids (ESSA) were assayed in all groups, pre-and post-induction of hyperglycaemia and results were presented as means ± standard error of means (SEM) and subjected to ANOVA using Tukey's post-hoc tests with GraphPad Prism® statistical package.

A novel multi-model data-driven ensemble approach for the prediction of particulate matter concentration.

Accuracy in the prediction of the particulate matter (PM and PM) concentration in the atmosphere is essential for both its monitoring and control. In this study, a novel neuro fuzzy ensemble (NF-E) model was proposed for prediction of hourly PM and PM concentration. The NF-E involves careful selection of relevant input parameters for base modelling and using an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model as a nonlinear kernel for obtaining ensemble output.

Bioguided fractionation of hypoglycaemic component in methanol extract of an study.

Nine components (C1-C9) were isolated from chloroform fraction of fractionated methanol extracts of leaves (FMEVA) by column chromatography. All the components C1 to C9 were purified and screened for hypoglycaemic activities in type-2 diabetic rats. The most potent hypoglycaemic component was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (1D-, 2D-NMR, GC-MS, FTIR) data analysis.

A community effort to create standards for evaluating tumor subclonal reconstruction.

Tumor DNA sequencing data can be interpreted by computational methods that analyze genomic heterogeneity to infer evolutionary dynamics. A growing number of studies have used these approaches to link cancer evolution with clinical progression and response to therapy. Although the inference of tumor phylogenies is rapidly becoming standard practice in cancer genome analyses, standards for evaluating them are lacking.