Greenly Synthesized Conducting Polymer Nanotunnels with Metal-Hydroxide Nanobundles in Single Dais for Unmitigated Water Oxidation.

Electrochemical water splitting required efficient electrocatalysts to produce clean hydrogen fuel. Here, we adopted greenway coprecipitation (GC) method to synthesize conducting polymer (CP) nanotunnel network affixed with luminal-abluminal CoNi hydroxides (GC-CoNiCP), namely, GC-CoNiCP, GC-CoNiCP, and GC-CoNiCP. The active catalyst, GC-CoNiCP/GC, has low oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential (307 mV) and a smaller Tafel slope (47 mV dec) than IrO (125 mV dec).

Effects of spatially dense adrenergic stimulation to rotor behaviour in simulated atrial sheets.

Sympathetic hyperactivity via spatially dense adrenergic stimulation may create pro-arrhythmic substrates even without structural remodelling. However, the effect of sympathetic hyperactivity on arrhythmic activity, such as rotors, is unknown. Using simulations, we examined the effects of gradually increasing the spatial density of adrenergic stimulation (AS) in atrial sheets on rotors.

Effectiveness of a suction device for containment of pathogenic aerosols and droplets.

Background: As the global community begins recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic, the challenges due to its aftermath remain. This health crisis has highlighted challenges associated with airborne pathogens and their capacity for rapid transmission. While many solutions have emerged to tackle this challenge, very few devices exist that are inexpensive, easy to manufacture, and versatile enough for various settings.

Amorphous Cobalt-Impregnated Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Encapsulation Nanochain Enhances Long-Lasting Electrochemical Water Splitting.

Electrochemical water splitting (EWS) is a promising way to attain H, which has been deemed an ideal substitution for fossil fuels because of renewable and eco-friendly benefits. Developing an amorphous-based simple and structurally flexible non-noble catalyst to offer high performance for commercial applications has become a current interest. Amorphous cobalt-anchored nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles (Co@NC-NPs) were designed to have a low overpotential and Tafel as a bifunctional electrocatalyst (HER - 142 mV/80 mV dec and OER - 250 mV/72 mV dec) to achieve 10 mA cm in 1.

Greenly Synthesized CoPBA@PANI as a Proficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Its Green Sustainability Assessments.

Water electrolysis is a key factor to generate mobile and sustainable energy sources for H production. Cobalt-based Prussian Blue analogues encompassed with polymer support electrocatalysts CoPBA@PANI (CoPBA@PANI-100, CoPBA@PANI-200, and CoPBA@PANI-300) have been synthesized and characterized. The well-designed CoPBA@PANI-200/GC shows a low overpotential (η) of 301 mV with a small Tafel slope (56 mV dec), comapred to that of IrO (348 mV ; 98 mV dec) for OER.

An Interpretable Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Feature Extraction and Lung Sliding Detection System Using Object Detectors.

The objective of this study was to develop an interpretable system that could detect specific lung features in neonates. A challenging aspect of this work was that normal lungs showed the same visual features (as that of Pneumothorax (PTX)). M-mode is typically necessary to differentiate between the two cases, but its generation in clinics is time-consuming and requires expertise for interpretation, which remains limited.

Classification of lung pathologies in neonates using dual-tree complex wavelet transform.

Introduction: Undiagnosed and untreated lung pathologies are among the leading causes of neonatal deaths in developing countries. Lung Ultrasound (LUS) has been widely accepted as a diagnostic tool for neonatal lung pathologies due to its affordability, portability, and safety. However, healthcare institutions in developing countries lack well-trained clinicians to interpret LUS images, which limits the use of LUS, especially in remote areas.

Pro-arrhythmic role of adrenergic spatial densities in the human atria: An in-silico study.

Chronic stress among young patients (≤ 45 years old) could result in autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction could be exhibited via sympathetic hyperactivity, sympathetic nerve sprouting, and diffuse adrenergic stimulation in the atria. Adrenergic spatial densities could alter atrial electrophysiology and increase arrhythmic susceptibility.

Exploring the Impact of a Trauma-informed Yoga and Mindfulness Curriculum for Multiple Populations: A Pilot Study.

Individuals with trauma experience negative mental health impacts and are at risk of poor cardiovascular outcomes. Unmanaged, these conditions may worsen, compromising healing and wellbeing. Yoga, particularly trauma-informed, may improve outcomes.

An In-Silico model for evaluating the directional shock vectors in terminating and modulating rotors.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) accounts for a majority of mortality worldwide. Survivability from an OHCA highly depends on timely and effective defibrillation. Most of the OHCA cases are due to ventricular fibrillation (VF), a lethal form of cardiac arrhythmia.

Audio texture analysis of COVID-19 cough, breath, and speech sounds.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) first appeared at the end of December 2019 and is still spreading in most countries. To diagnose COVID-19 using reverse transcription - Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), one has to go to a dedicated center, which requires significant cost and human resources. Hence, there is a requirement for a remote monitoring tool that can perform the preliminary screening of COVID-19.

Effect of Shock Vector Orientation in Modulating and Terminating Rotors - a Simulation Study.

The main treatment option for Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), especially in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) is defibrillation. Typically, the survival-to-discharge rates are very poor for OHCA. Existing studies have shown that rotors may be the sources of arrhythmia and ablating them could modulate or terminate VF.

An Interpretable Object Detection-Based Model For The Diagnosis Of Neonatal Lung Diseases Using Ultrasound Images.

Over the last few decades, Lung Ultrasound (LUS) has been increasingly used to diagnose and monitor different lung diseases in neonates. It is a noninvasive tool that allows a fast bedside examination while minimally handling the neonate. Acquiring a LUS scan is easy, but understanding the artifacts concerned with each respiratory disease is challenging.

Empirical Mode Decomposition Based Hyperspectral Data Analysis for Brain Tumor Classification.

The capability of Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) in rapidly acquiring abundant reflectance data in a non-invasive manner, makes it an ideal tool for obtaining diagnostic information about tissue pathology. Identifying wavelengths that provide the most discriminatory clues for specific pathologies will greatly assist in understanding their underlying biochemical characteristics. In this paper, we propose an efficient and computationally inexpensive method for determining the most relevant spectral bands for brain tumor classification.

Screening and analysis of specific language impairment in young children by analyzing the textures of speech signal.

A child having a delayed development in language skills without any reason is known to be suffering from specific language impairment (SLI). Unfortunately, almost 7% kindergarten children are reported with SLI in their childhood. The SLI could be treated if identified at an early stage, but diagnosing SLI at early stage is challenging.

Analysis of electrooculography signals for the detection of Myasthenia Gravis.

Objective: A precursor to more severe forms of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is ocular MG (OMG) in which the MG symptoms are localized to the eyes. Current MG diagnostic methods are often invasive, painful, and not always specific. The objective of the proposed work was to extract quantifiable features from electrooculography (EOG) signals recorded around the eyes and develop an alternative non-invasive screening method for detecting MG.

Empirical mode decomposition based ECG features in classifying and tracking ventricular arrhythmias.

Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are life-threatening pathophysiological conditions that seriously impact the normal functioning of the heart. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) are the two well known types of VA. VF is the lethal of the VAs and could be characterized by its organizational progression over time.

Detection of myasthenia gravis using electrooculography signals.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder resulting from skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue. An early common symptom is fatigable weakness of the extrinsic ocular muscles; if symptoms remain confined to the ocular muscles after a few years, this is classified as ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG). Diagnosis of MG when there are mild, isolated ocular symptoms can be difficult, and currently available diagnostic techniques are insensitive, non-specific or technically cumbersome.

The effect of left ventricular pacing on transmural activation delay in myopathic human hearts.

Aims: Left ventricular (LV) epicardial pacing (LVEpiP) in human myopathic hearts does not decrease global epicardial activation delay compared with right ventricular (RV) endocardial pacing (RVEndoP); however, the effect on transmural activation delay has not been evaluated. To characterize the transmural electrical activation delay in human myopathic hearts during RVEndoP and LVEpiP compared with global epicardial activation delay.

Methods And Results: Explanted hearts from seven patients (5 male, 46 ± 10 years) undergoing cardiac transplantation were Langendorff-perfused and mapped using an epicardial sock electrode array (112 electrodes) and 25 transmural plunge needles (four electrodes, 2 mm spacing), for a total of 100 unipolar transmural electrodes.

Effect of spatial resolution and filtering on mapping cardiac fibrillation.

Background: Endocardial mapping tools use variable interelectrode resolution, whereas body surface mapping tools use narrow bandpass filtering (BPF) to map fibrillatory mechanisms established by high-resolution optical imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to study the effect of resolution and BPF on the underlying mechanism being mapped.

Methods: Hearts from 14 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were Langendorff perfused.

Electrophysiological Cardiac Modeling: A Review.

Cardiac electrophysiological modeling in conjunction with experimental and clinical findings has contributed to better understanding of electrophysiological phenomena in various species. As our knowledge on underlying electrical, mechanical, and chemical processes has improved over time, mathematical models of the cardiac electrophysiology have become more realistic and detailed. These models have provided a testbed for various hypotheses and conditions that may not be easy to implement experimentally.

Modeling Current Density Maps Using Aliev-Panfilov Electrophysiological Heart Model.

Most existing studies of cardiac arrhythmia rely on surface measurements through optical or electrical mapping techniques. Current density imaging (CDI) is a method which enables us to study current pathways inside the tissue. However, this method entails implementation complexities for beating ex vivo hearts.