Migraine is the most disabling neurological disease among children and adolescents, and second after stroke among adults: A call to action.

The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is pivotal in shaping health policies by providing comprehensive data on mortality and disability. An updated GBD2021 analysis, published in on 14 March 2024, expands the scope of neurological disorders to include 37 conditions, revealing their significant impact on global health. Neurological disorders affect 3.

The prevalence of headache disorders in children and adolescents in Benin: a schools-based study.

Background: A global schools-based programme within the Global Campaign against Headache is estimating the burden of headache in children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years), cluster-sampling the world by conducting national studies in all world regions. Its purpose is to complement population-based studies in adults, adding to knowledge of the burden of headache and informing educational and health policies. This study in Benin was the third in the programme from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Cost of transport is a barrier to access to headache care in sub-Saharan Africa: An observational study in an HIV-positive population.

Introduction: Headache disorders are the largest contributor to all years lived with disability attributed to neurological disorders. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with 1.2 billion inhabitants, headache prevalence is similar to that of Western countries but with widely inadequate access to care.

European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention - part 4: propranolol.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to critically re-appraise the published trials assessing propranolol for migraine prophylaxis.

Methods: We report methods and results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized trials of pharmacologic treatments for migraine prophylaxis.

The burdens attributable to primary headache disorders in children and adolescents in Iran: estimates from a schools-based study.

Background: We recently found headache disorders to be highly prevalent among children (aged 6-11 years) and adolescents (aged 12-17) in Iran (gender- and age-adjusted 1-year prevalences: migraine 25.2%, tension-type headache 12.7%, undifferentiated headache [UdH] 22.

The burden attributable to primary headache disorders in children and adolescents in Ethiopia: estimates from a national schools-based study.

Background: We previously reported high prevalences of headache disorders among children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years) in Ethiopia. Here we provide data on headache-attributed burden collected contemporaneously from the same study participants. Part of the global schools-based programme within the Global Campaign against Headache, the study is the first to present such data from sub-Saharan Africa.

Mild Cognitive Impairment Progression and Alzheimer's Disease Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis of 3553 Cases over 203 Months.

This study aimed to elucidate the long-term progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) within a comprehensive longitudinal dataset, distinguish it from healthy aging, explore the influence of a dementia subtype on this progression, and identify potential contributing factors. Patients with prodromal and preclinical cases underwent regular neuropsychological assessments utilizing various tools. The study included a total of 140 participants with MCI, categorized into Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD subtypes.

Other primary headache disorders: Data from the HEAD-MENA-A study in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

Objective: Other primary headache disorders (OPHD) are under-investigated compared to frequent primary headache types like migraine, tension-type headache, and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Knowledge of the distribution and characteristics of OPHD subtypes is crucial for their recognition. We aimed to determine the prevalence at the hospital and headache clinics and clinical characteristics of OPHDs in patients from 13 countries.

Real-life experiences with galcanezumab and predictors for treatment response in Turkey.

Background: The complexity of clinical practice extends far beyond the controlled settings of trials, and there is a need for real-world studies aimed at identifying which patients will respond to anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in different countries. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of galcanezumab in treating migraine in a real-life setting in Turkey, as well as identify predictors of treatment response.

Methods: A total of 476 patients who diagnosed with migraine according to ICHD-3 criteria and treated with galcanezumab by headache specialists were voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional study.

Evaluation and treatment approaches for neurological post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A consensus statement and scoping review from the global COVID-19 neuro research coalition.

Post-acute neurological sequelae of COVID-19 affect millions of people worldwide, yet little data is available to guide treatment strategies for the most common symptoms. We conducted a scoping review of PubMed/Medline from 1/1/2020-4/1/2023 to identify studies addressing diagnosis and treatment of the most common post-acute neurological sequelae of COVID-19 including: cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, headache, dizziness/lightheadedness, fatigue, weakness, numbness/pain, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Utilizing the available literature and international disease-specific society guidelines, we constructed symptom-based differential diagnoses, evaluation and management paradigms.

The Prevalence of Headache Disorders in Children and Adolescents in Istanbul: A School-Based Study.

Background: Headache among children and adolescents is an important health problem. In this school-based epidemiological study conducted in Istanbul, we aimed to reveal the frequency of headaches in this population, define the risk factors associated with headaches, and establish the effect of headaches on the quality of life in this population.

Methods: The child and adolescent versions of the Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability, Social Handicap and Impaired Participation structured questionnaire were conducted in 30 schools in Istanbul.

European Headache Federation (EHF) critical reappraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention - part 3: topiramate.

Objective: Topiramate is a repurposed first-line treatment for migraine prophylaxis. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to critically re-appraise the existing evidence supporting the efficacy and tolerability of topiramate.

Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.

European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention-part 2: flunarizine.

Objective: Novel disease-specific and mechanism-based treatments sharing good evidence of efficacy for migraine have been recently marketed. However, reimbursement by insurers depends on treatment failure with classic anti-migraine drugs. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to identify and rate the evidence for efficacy of flunarizine, a repurposed, first- or second-line treatment for migraine prophylaxis.

Secondary headache disorders in Turkey, the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: A cross-sectional, multicenter study.

Background: This multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of secondary headaches in different geographic regions, including Turkey, the Middle East, Asia, and Africa.

Methods: Patients were admitted to the study on a particular day each week for five consecutive weeks between 1 April and 16 May 2022. Before the study, all researchers underwent a constructed briefing about the use and code of the ICHD-3 criteria.

The comparative effectiveness of migraine preventive drugs: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: While there are several trials that support the efficacy of various drugs for migraine prophylaxis against placebo, there is limited evidence addressing the comparative safety and efficacy of these drugs. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to facilitate comparison between drugs for migraine prophylaxis.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and clinicaltrials.

European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention-part 1: amitriptyline.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to critically re-appraise the published trials assessing amitriptyline for migraine prophylaxis.

Methods: We report our methods and results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized trials of pharmacologic treatments for migraine prophylaxis.

Cross-sectional, hospital-based analysis of headache types using ICHD-3 criteria in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: the Head-MENAA study.

Background: Headaches are frequent neurological disorders that are yet to be unveiled and treated comprehensively worldwide. Bearing in mind that the distribution of headache subtypes in neurology clinics (NC) is essential for planning appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the primary goals of this multi-centric study are to carry out inter-regional comparisons by using current diagnostic criteria with evaluations of neurologists to delineate headache burden.

Methods: A cross-sectional study between April 1 and May 16, 2022 was conducted with the participation of 13 countries from the Middle East, Asia, and Africa.

Predictors of Mortality and Functional Outcome in Pregnancy and Puerperium-Related Cerebral Venous Thrombosis.

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) associated with pregnancy and puerperium has long been recognized, with poor information in terms of functional outcomes. Our objective was to analyze risk factors, clinical, imaging, and laboratory variables to predict functional outcome and death in this population.

Methods: CVT registries from three referral centers from Pakistan, Turkey, and Mexico, recruiting prospective cases, were combined for CVT associated with pregnancy or puerperium.

European Headache Federation (EHF) consensus on the definition of effective treatment of a migraine attack and of triptan failure.

Background: Triptans are migraine-specific acute treatments. A well-accepted definition of triptan failure is needed in clinical practice and for research. The primary aim of the present Consensus was to provide a definition of triptan failure.

The prevalence of primary headache disorders in children and adolescents in Zambia: a schools-based study.

Background: The Global Campaign against Headache collects data from children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17) to inform health and education policies and contribute to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. This survey in Zambia, part of this global enquiry, was the second from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods: Following the generic protocol, this was a schools-based cross-sectional survey.

Use of Non-pharmacological Therapies in Individuals With Migraine Eligible for Treatment With Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP)-Signaling: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Introduction: Accessibility of treatment with monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) signaling pathway is impeded by regulatory restrictions. Affected individuals may seek out other services including non-pharmacological therapies. Thus, we found it timely to ascertain the use of non-pharmacological therapies in individuals with treatment-resistant migraine eligible for and naïve to treatment with CGRP-signaling targeting monoclonal antibodies.

The prevalence of headache disorders in children and adolescents in Iran: a schools-based study.

Background: While the Global Burden of Disease study reports headache disorders as the third-highest cause of disability worldwide, the headache data in this study largely come from adults. This national study in Iran, the first of its type in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, was part of a global schools-based programme within the Global Campaign against Headache contributing data from children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years).

Methods: We followed the generic protocol for the global study.

European Headache Federation guideline on the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene related peptide pathway for migraine prevention - 2022 update.

Background: A previous European Headache Federation (EHF) guideline addressed the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway to prevent migraine. Since then, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world evidence have expanded the evidence and knowledge for those treatments. Therefore, the EHF panel decided to provide an updated guideline on the use of those treatments.