Differences in circulating carnitine status of preterm infants fed fortified human milk or preterm infant formula.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare plasma carnitine profiles in fortified human milk (HM)-fed preterm infants or formula-fed preterm infants.

Methods: Plasma acylcarnitine concentrations were determined in 20 formula-fed and 18 HM-fed preterm infants (birth weights between 1000 and 2200 g) by isotope dilution ESI MS/MS technique on study days 0, 14, and 28.

Results: Concentrations of free carnitine (FC) and different acylcarnitines did not change during the 4 weeks of the study in infants fed HM.

Effect of different levels of docosahexaenoic acid supply on fatty acid status and linoleic and α-linolenic acid conversion in preterm infants.

Objectives: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) enrichment of preterm infant formulas is recommended to meet high demands. Dietary LC-PUFA may inhibit endogenous LC-PUFA synthesis, thus limiting their benefit. We investigated effects of different docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intakes on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids and endogenous LC-PUFA synthesis in preterm infants.

Fatty acid profiles, antioxidant status, and growth of preterm infants fed diets without or with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. A randomized clinical trial.

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP) are considered conditionally essential nutrients for the infant born prematurely, and attempts are being made to match fatty acid profiles of formula and breast fed infants. In this double-blind, randomized study we investigated the effects of a formula enriched with both n-6 and n-3 LCP on plasma fatty acid profiles, antioxidant status and growth of premature infants. 29 infants received either a formula devoid of LCP or a LCP supplemented formula (0.