[Dowel pinning for metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in dogs].

Objective: To evaluate a dowel pinning technique for metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in dogs.

Material And Methods: Medical records of 13 dogs with complete clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations after a median observation time of 5 months were evaluated retrospectively. Assessment included fracture data, number of stabilized bones versus number of fractured bones and parameters of internal fixation including postoperative axial alignment and position of implants assessed on serial radiographs.

Three-dimensional high-density co-culture with primary tenocytes induces tenogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering and may represent an attractive option for tendon repair and regeneration. Thus far the ability of MSCs to differentiate into tenocytes in vitro has not been investigated. Experiments were performed with and without growth factors (IGF-1, TGF-β1, IGF-1/TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, and BMP-12), in co-cultures of tenocytes and MSCs mixed in different ratios and by culturing MSCs with spent media obtained from primary tenocytes.

Curcumin mediated suppression of nuclear factor-κB promotes chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a high-density co-culture microenvironment.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are characterised by joint inflammation and cartilage degradation. Although mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like progenitors are resident in the superficial zone of articular cartilage, damaged tissue does not possess the capacity for regeneration. The high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines present in OA/RA joints may impede the chondrogenic differentiation of these progenitors.

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for diagnosis of portosystemic shunts in 10 dogs.

Computed tomography angiography, sonography, scintigraphy, and portography can be used to evaluate the portal vasculature to evaluate for a portosystemic shunt (PSS). Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) and contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) are other potentially useful techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate CE-MRA in 10 dogs suspected of having a PSS.

Antinociceptive efficacy and plasma concentrations of transdermal buprenorphine in dogs.

To assess the antinociceptive efficacy of transdermal (TD) buprenorphine (B) in dogs, a prospective, positive-controlled experimental study was performed in 10 healthy Beagles. In an open label crossover design, the dogs initially received intravenous B (IVB, 0.02 mg kg(-1)) as a positive control, followed by TDB (52.

Portosystemic shunts in cats--evaluation of six cases and a review of the literature.

The objective of this study was to give a recent review of the literature of portosystemic shunt (PSS) in cats and to describe a case series of 6 cats diagnosed with PSS. Cats diagnosed with a PSS between 1997 and 2006 were reviewed with a focus on history, clinical signs, laboratory findings, imaging techniques, and outcome. Among 12,438 analysed cats, six cats were found with confirmed PSS (one portocaval, two intrahepatic, and three portoazygos shunts) leading to a prevalence of PSS in cats of 4.

Validation of a femoral critical size defect model for orthotopic evaluation of bone healing: a biomechanical, veterinary and trauma surgical perspective.

Numerous in vivo studies have been conducted to investigate bone regeneration in orthotopic defect models, but a reliably standardized critical-size defect (CSD) model in small animals is still lacking in tissue-engineering research. Utilizing the expertise of trauma surgeons, veterinary surgeons, and engineers, we evaluated the optimal fixation strategy for in vivo application in terms of surgical suitability and conducted biomechanical studies for 3 fixation devices. Fixation strategies were an external fixation device made of polymethylmethacrylate, widely used in animal care; a self-constructed external clamp-fixation device, designed and manufactured using rapid prototyping techniques; and commercially available 1.

[The isolated perfused porcine kidney model for investigations concerning surgical therapy procedures].

Experiments to develop innovative surgical therapy procedures are conventionally conducted on animals, as crucial aspects like tissue removal and bleeding disposition cannot be investigated in vitro. Extracorporeal organ models however reflect these aspects and could thus reduce the use of animals for this purpose fundamentally in the future. The aim of this work was to validate the isolated perfused porcine kidney model with regard to its use for surgical purposes on the basis of histological and radiological procedures.

Automatic image registration of three-dimensional images of the head of cats and dogs by use of maximization of mutual information.

Objective: To validate mutual information criterion as a ready-to-use technique for automated alignment (ie, registration) of 3-dimensional (3-D) multimodal image data of the head of cats and dogs.

Sample Population: Corresponding 3-D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) brain scans of a 6-month-old Doberman Pinscher with a brain cyst; CT images of the head of a European shorthair cat with a meningioma before and immediately, 3, and 6 months after surgical resection; and CT and corresponding stacked anatomic cryosection images of the entire head of a 2-year-old sexually intact female Beagle.

Procedure: All images were matched retrospectively by use of an in-house computer program developed on the basis of a mutual information image registration algorithm.