, a New Species Causing Leaf Streak Disease of in Southern China.

Vetiver grass () has been widely used in recent years for ecological environment management, restoration of degraded ecosystems, and essential oil extraction. In 2019, a leaf streak disease of was observed in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The disease appeared as large streak lesions on the leaves, on which conidiomata were formed.

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of (Agaricaceae, Agaricales): New Species, New Combinations and Notes on the Complex.

Species of are known as diminutive lepiotaceous fungi with a worldwide distribution. Previous studies revealed that is not monophyletic and preliminary DNA sequence data from recent collections suggested that several new species exist. Based on multi-locus DNA sequence data (the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.

Phylogeny and pathogenicity of causing anthracnose of cv. Bhaderwah-Rajmash from northern Himalayas, India.

Unlabelled: With an annual loss of up to 100%, anthracnose caused by  is one of the most devastating diseases of common beans ( L.). Due to few distinctive morphological characters, species are frequently misidentified.

Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa.

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination.

Corrigendum: Bien S, Damm U (2020) gen. et sp. nov. and novelties in , and from wood in Germany. MycoKeys 63: 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.46836.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.63.

Anthracnose Disease of Carpetgrass () Caused by sp. nov.

Carpetgrass () is a creeping, stoloniferous, perennial warm-season grass that is adapted to humid tropical and subtropical climates. Recently, outbreaks of anthracnose disease of caused by an unidentified sp. were observed in the Hainan and Guangdong provinces in southern China.

Standardized, comprehensive, hospital-based circuit training in people with multiple sclerosis: results on feasibility, adherence and satisfaction of the training intervention.

Background: We developed a standardized, comprehensive, ambulatory, hospital-based neurorehabilitation program ("MS-Fit") to improve disability, activities of daily living and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess feasibility, adherence and satisfaction of the training intervention.

Design: Prospective multicenter cohort study analysis.

gen. et sp. nov. and novelties in , and from wood in Germany.

During a survey on fungi associated with wood necroses of trees in Germany, strains belonging to the Leotiomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were detected by preliminary analyses of ITS sequences. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (LSU, ITS, , , depending on genus) of 31 of the 45 strains from and reference strains revealed several new taxa, including , a new genus in the Helotiales (Leotiomycetes) with a collophorina-like asexual morph. Seven species (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) were treated.

Eutypa, Eutypella, and Cryptovalsa Species (Diatrypaceae) Associated with Prunus Species in South Africa.

Stone fruit trees (Prunus spp.) are economically important fruit trees cultivated in South Africa. These trees are often grown in close proximity to vineyards and are to a large extent affected by the same trunk disease pathogens as grapevines.

Diversity of Diatrypaceae Species Associated with Dieback of Grapevines in South Africa, with the Description of Eutypa cremea sp. nov.

Recent studies in grape-growing areas including Australia, California, and Spain have revealed an extensive diversity of Diatrypaceae species on grapevines showing dieback symptoms and cankers. However, in South Africa, little is known regarding the diversity of these species in vineyards. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify and characterize Diatrypaceae species associated with dieback symptoms of grapevine in South Africa.

Survival trade-offs in plant roots during colonization by closely related beneficial and pathogenic fungi.

The sessile nature of plants forced them to evolve mechanisms to prioritize their responses to simultaneous stresses, including colonization by microbes or nutrient starvation. Here, we compare the genomes of a beneficial root endophyte, Colletotrichum tofieldiae and its pathogenic relative C. incanum, and examine the transcriptomes of both fungi and their plant host Arabidopsis during phosphate starvation.

Species boundaries in plant pathogenic fungi: a Colletotrichum case study.

Background: Accurate delimitation of plant pathogenic fungi is critical for the establishment of quarantine regulations, screening for genetic resistance to plant pathogens, and the study of ecosystem function. Concatenation analysis of multi-locus DNA sequence data represents a powerful and commonly used approach to recognizing evolutionary independent lineages in fungi. It is however possible to mask the discordance between individual gene trees, thus the speciation events might be erroneously estimated if one simply recognizes well supported clades as distinct species without implementing a careful examination of species boundary.

Species of the Colletotrichum acutatum complex associated with anthracnose diseases of fruit in Brazil.

Although Colletotrichum acutatum was recently investigated and shown to be a species complex comprising about 30 species, the name is still used in its broad sense for anthracnose pathogens of fruits in Brazil. In this study, a multilocus molecular analysis was carried out based on a dataset of ITS, HIS3, GAPDH, CHS-1, TUB2 and ACT sequences of Colletotrichum strains belonging to the C. acutatum species complex from fruits collected in different regions in Brazil combined with sequences of ex-type and other reference strains of species belonging to this complex.

The Genera of Fungi: fixing the application of type species of generic names.

To ensure a stable platform for fungal taxonomy, it is of paramount importance that the genetic application of generic names be based on their DNA sequence data, and wherever possible, not morphology or ecology alone. To facilitate this process, a new database, accessible at www.GeneraofFungi.

Finding needles in haystacks: linking scientific names, reference specimens and molecular data for Fungi.

DNA phylogenetic comparisons have shown that morphology-based species recognition often underestimates fungal diversity. Therefore, the need for accurate DNA sequence data, tied to both correct taxonomic names and clearly annotated specimen data, has never been greater. Furthermore, the growing number of molecular ecology and microbiome projects using high-throughput sequencing require fast and effective methods for en masse species assignments.

Circumscription of the anthracnose pathogens Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and C. nigrum.

The anthracnose pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is usually identified as Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, while anthracnose of potato (Solanum tuberosum), peppers (Capsicum annuum), tomato (S. lycopersicum) and several other crop plants is often attributed to C. coccodes.

Lifestyle transitions in plant pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi deciphered by genome and transcriptome analyses.

Colletotrichum species are fungal pathogens that devastate crop plants worldwide. Host infection involves the differentiation of specialized cell types that are associated with penetration, growth inside living host cells (biotrophy) and tissue destruction (necrotrophy). We report here genome and transcriptome analyses of Colletotrichum higginsianum infecting Arabidopsis thaliana and Colletotrichum graminicola infecting maize.

Colletotrichum: species, ecology and interactions.

The presentations of the Special Interest Group meeting Colletotrichum: species, ecology and interactions, held on 1 August 2010 during IMC9 in Edinburgh, UK, are outlined. Seven research projects, ranged from systematics and population genetics to host-pathogen interactions and genome projects were presented. The meeting revealed that currently major species complexes in the genus Colletotrichum are being revised and the identities of many pathogens clarified on the basis of molecular phylogenies, and that the genomes of four species are sequenced and decoded providing an enormous amount of data that are used to increase our understanding of the biology of Colletotrichum species.

Botryosphaeriaceae as potential pathogens of prunus species in South Africa, with descriptions of Diplodia africana and Lasiodiplodia plurivora sp. nov.

Botryosphaeriaceae are common dieback and canker pathogens of woody host plants, including stone fruit trees. In the present study the diversity of members of the Botryosphaeriaceae isolated from symptomatic wood of Prunus species (plum, peach, nectarine and apricot) was determined in stone fruit-growing areas in South Africa. Morphological and cultural characteristics as well as DNA sequence data (5.

In vivo observation of conidial germination at the oxic-anoxic interface and infection of submerged reed roots by Microdochium bolleyi.

The underground plant parts of reed (Phragmites australis) growing in anoxic soil of the littoral zone of lakes are provided with oxygen via an aerenchyma. Some of this oxygen is released into the rhizosphere, which creates a potential microhabitat for aerobic fungi. Although fungal endophytes of reed have been shown to occur also in roots of flooded habitats, it is not known whether or how fungi can infect roots growing in anoxic or hypoxic soil.