Budget impact analysis of two immunotherapy products for treatment of grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Background: Grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis constitutes a large burden for society. Up to 20% of European and United States (US) populations suffer from respiratory allergies, including grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The majority of patients are treated with symptomatic medications; however, a large proportion remains uncontrolled despite use of such treatments.

[Grazax--treatment for grass pollen hay fever].

Grazax is approved in 27 European countries for treatment of grass pollen-induced hay fever in adults with a proper diagnosis and clinically-relevant symptoms. Grazax is put under the tongue where it dissolves instantly. Treatment should be initiated at least 8-16 weeks prior to the start of the grass pollen season, and similar to traditional immunotherapy the treatment should continue for three years.

Cerebral oxygenation during exercise in patients with terminal lung disease.

Study Objectives: In patients with terminal lung disease who were exercising, we assessed whether improved arterial O2 saturation with an increased fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) affects cerebral oxygenation.

Design: Randomized, crossover.

Patients And Methods: The cerebral changes in oxyhemoglobin (DeltaHbO2) and changes in deoxyhemoglobin (DeltaHb) levels were evaluated using near-infrared spectrophotometry and the middle cerebral artery (MCA) mean velocity (V(mean)) was determined by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in 13 patients with terminal lung disease (New York Heart Association class III-IV).