MRI Safety of Stapes Prostheses: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safety of stapes prostheses.

Data Sources: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to November 2021 following PRISMA guidelines.

Review Methods: Studies reporting evidence of stapes prosthesis displacement or interaction in adult or pediatric implant recipients undergoing MRI.

Arachnoiditis, a complication of epidural blood patch for the treatment of low-pressure headache: A case report and systematic review.

Objective: To report a case of arachnoiditis as a complication of epidural blood patch procedures and to systematically review the diagnostic workup, clinical outcomes, and treatment modalities reported in the literature.

Background: Epidural blood patching is an effective treatment for low-pressure headache secondary to spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak or iatrogenic post-dural puncture. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is believed to be a rare headache disorder, but recently has been diagnosed at higher frequencies, making it an important differential diagnosis for intractable headaches.

Safety Considerations of 7-T MRI in Clinical Practice.

Although 7-T MRI has recently received approval for use in clinical patient care, there are distinct safety issues associated with this relatively high magnetic field. Forces on metallic implants and radiofrequency power deposition and heating are safety considerations at 7 T. Patient bioeffects such as vertigo, dizziness, false feelings of motion, nausea, nystagmus, magnetophosphenes, and electrogustatory effects are more common and potentially more pronounced at 7 T than at lower field strengths.

Pearls and Pitfalls of Spine Imaging.

There are many ways to image the spine. Although there is not one correct and many incorrect ways, the choice of sequences and parameters allows optimization of the protocol to the particular question that is to be answered and also to the particular preferences of the Radiologist.

Low b-value diffusion weighted imaging is promising in the diagnosis of brain death and hypoxic-ischemic injury secondary to cardiopulmonary arrest.

Background: Cardiorespiratory arrest can result in a spectrum of hypoxic ischemic brain injury leading to global hypoperfusion and brain death (BD). Because up to 40% of patients with BD are viable organ donors, avoiding delayed diagnosis of this condition is critical. High b-value diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) measures primarily molecular self-diffusion; however, low b-values are sensitive to perfusion.

Reproducibility of ABC/2 method to determine infarct volume and mismatch percentage with CT perfusion.

Background: Our aim is to implement a simple, rapid, and reliable method using computed tomography perfusion imaging and clinical judgment to target patients for reperfusion therapy in the hyper-acute stroke setting. We introduce a novel formula (1-infarct volume [CBV]/penumbra volume [MTT] × 100%) to quantify mismatch percentage.

Methods: Twenty patients with anterior circulation strokes who underwent CT perfusion and received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) were analyzed retrospectively.

The fetal posterior fossa: clinical correlation of findings on prenatal ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: Recognize posterior fossa anomalies on ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging and appreciate imaging pitfalls that may lead to misdiagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Cases are presented to illustrate normal development and various anomalies. Postnatal studies and autopsy are used for correlation with prenatal imaging.

Basis for abnormal desquamation and permeability barrier dysfunction in RXLI.

Mutations in the gene for steroid sulfatase (SSase), are responsible for recessive x-linked ichthyosis (RXLI). As a consequence of SSase deficiency, its substrate, cholesterol sulfate (CSO4), accumulates in the epidermis. Accumulation of this amphipathic lipid in the outer epidermis provokes both a typical scaling phenotype and permeability barrier dysfunction.

Contrast dynamics during CT pulmonary angiogram: analysis of an inspiration associated artifact.

Objective: Several artifacts have been observed during contrast-enhanced CT of the pulmonary arteries. We describe a physiological artifact caused by a transient interruption of the contrast column in the pulmonary arteries associated with inspiration immediately prior to imaging. This results from a variable inflow of unopacified blood from the inferior vena cava (IVC).