[Prognostic value of body composition in oncological visceral surgery].

Screening of nutritional status of cancer patients plays a crucial role in the perioperative management and is mandatory for the certification of oncological centers by the German Cancer Society (DKG). The available screening tools do not differentiate between muscle and adipose tissue. Recent advances in computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as the automatic picture archiving communication system (PACS) imaging analysis by high performance reconstruction systems have recently enabled a detailed analysis of adipose tissue and muscle quality.

[Cancer of the Esophagogastric Junction: Double Tract Reconstruction - Evidence and Technique].

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) still represent a certain surgical challenge. In contrary to the trend of thoracoabdominal surgery for AEG I and AEG II cancer, the proximal gastrectomy is regaining popularity through new reconstruction methods such as the double tract reconstruction. Proximal gastrectomy followed by double tract reconstruction represents an alternative for the thoracoabdominal approach for suitable AEG II cancer and an alternative to the total gastrectomy for AEG III cancers.

Age and professional experience as determinants of the utilization of psychoneuroimmunological research in clinical practice: An exploratory study.

The immune system is affected by psychosocial stimuli and plays a major role in the development of various diseases. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)-based interventions may positively influence the disease course; however, the impact of PNI research findings on clinical practice differs depending on the medical specialties involved. A comprehensive overview of the use of PNI research findings in clinical practice is currently lacking.

Correlation between the level of evidence and the class of recommendations concerning the pharmacological aspects of the Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology.

Background The reliability of the recommendations affecting the clinical decisions is being continuously weighed in everyday practice (Gershlick, 2018). The objective of our study was to assess the consistency of the evidence behind the recommendations. Methods We narrowed our focus on the pharmacotherapeutic aspects of the most recent 38 European Society of Cardiology guidelines and analyzed the correlation between the level of evidence (LoE) classified as A, B and C and the class of recommendations (CoR) subdivided into I, IIa, IIb and III.

Surgical approach to advanced Siewert II cancer: beyond the borders? The West Side.

The surgical approach to Siewert type II cancer should be individualized as there is no "one size fits all" option. Criteria for individualization are epidemiological, functional, oncologic and surgical items. However, our preferred procedure for advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction type II is esophagectomy, if this or transhiatal extended gastrectomy are both possible with R0 resection.

Does VOpeak Provide a Prognostic Value in Esophagectomy and Gastrectomy for Post-operative Outcomes?

Background/aim: Esophagectomy and gastrectomy are procedures with considerable physical burden and intense post-operative care of which the patient's physical condition seems to be a relevant predictor. The gold standard of the cardiorespiratory fitness is the peak oxygen consumption (VOpeak). This pilot study examined the prognostic value of VOpeak on post-surgery outcomes in esophageal and gastric cancer patients.

[Peracute Diseases of the Esophagus - Bleeding from Esophageal Varices, Esophageal Varices].

Peracute Diseases of the Esophagus - Bleeding from Esophageal Varices, Esophageal Varices Due to a permanently increased portal venous pressure - usually due to infectious or ethyltoxic liver cirrhosis - varices can form in the lower esophagus due to expansion of the submucosal venous plexus. Acute bleeding from the esophageal varices is a life-threatening situation. In therapy, a distinction is made between primary prophylaxis of bleeding, control of acute bleeding and prevention of recurrent bleeding.

[Does the Oral Microbiome Influence Carcinogenic Changes of the Esophagus? - A Systematic Review].

Does the Oral Microbiome Influence Carcinogenic Changes of the Esophagus? - A Systematic Review The oral microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining a physiological oral and esophageal environment, but possibly also in the development and progression of diseases, such as esophageal cancer. However, the underlying mechanism for this correlation is not understood. Esophageal carcinomas harbor a high malignancy and show a high incidence - worldwide they are the sixth most common cause of carcinoma-related death.

[Endoscopic Interventional Treatment of Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinoma of the Esophagus - Criteria and Techniques of Local Ablation and Resection].

Endoscopic Interventional Treatment of Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinoma of the Esophagus - Criteria and Techniques of Local Ablation and Resection Early carcinomas of the esophagus can safely be resected endoscopically and interventionally under very strict conditions (ER). In contrast to ablative procedures (radiofrequency ablation, cryo-ablation, argon plasma coagulation, photodynamic therapy), which can only be recommended for Barrett's or low-grade dysplasia, ER - which is called EMR (endoscopic mucosal resection in adenocarcinoma) or more in-depth ESD (endoscopic submucosa dissection in squamous cell carcinoma) - a defined, histologically examinable preparation. This is required starting with high-grade dysplasia, since 50% of patients with biopsy-confirmed high-grade dysplasia after ER already have an invasive carcinoma in the specimen.

[Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Childhood].

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Childhood In children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), conservative and surgical therapy options should be weighed up against each other and an individual solution tailored to the pediatric patient should be found. Decision should be made by an interdisciplinary team with representatives of all treating and caring disciplines together with the patient and his or her caregivers. The possibility of a surgical intervention and (if needed) the optimal time to operate should hereby be discussed with a (pediatric) surgeon at an early stage.

[Chemotherapy and Radio-Chemotherapy of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer].

Chemotherapy and Radio-Chemotherapy of Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer Surgical resection alone of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma leads to long-term survival in only about 30% of cases. The multimodal strategy for locally advanced tumors, especially neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy and chemotherapy, has significantly improved the long-term prognosis. Multimodal therapy concepts have been developed which improve overall survival.

[Modern Multimodal Concepts for Advanced and Metastatic Esophageal Cancer].

Modern Multimodal Concepts for Advanced and Metastatic Esophageal Cancer In case of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma, the clear recommendation for multimodal therapy has been established in the guidelines. This also applies to systemic therapy in the palliative, metastatic situation. Against the background of increasing experience with multimodal concepts and a parallel trend towards more and more personalized tumor therapy, therapy options that go beyond this are increasingly being used.

[Curative Treatment of Esophageal Carcinoma - Disease, Diagnostics, Therapy in 2022].

Curative Treatment of Esophageal Carcinoma - Disease, Diagnostics, Therapy in 2022 Surgical resection remains the gold standard for non-metastatic carcinoma of the lower and middle third of the esophagus. Locally advanced tumors (T3) are pretreated neoadjuvantly (radiochemotherapy) or perioperatively (chemotherapy). A differentiated primary staging and an interdisciplinary case presentation are of essential importance today.

[Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer].

Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer Oncological esophagectomy with gastric pull up and intrathoracic represents the standard surgical procedure in the curative treatment of malignant tumors of the esophagus and the esophagogastric junction. The procedure, as two or three body cavities are accessed, has a natural level of invasiveness, which suggests lowering the surgical trauma using minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Because of the complexity of the surgical procedure, minimally invasive esophagectomy is an operation with relevant surgical learning curve.

[Complications and Management of Complications After Resection and Reconstruction of the Esophagus].

Complications and Management of Complications After Resection and Reconstruction of the Esophagus A curative therapy of advanced esophagus carcinoma is primarily made possible by radical esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy. Impressive advances in the surgical techniques of esophageal surgery through minimally invasive and robotic oesophagectomy have been made in the last two decades. The perioperative management with prehabilitation, PDK application, early mobilization and early food intake also contributed significantly to a reduction in complications.

[Achalasia Update].

Achalasia Update The neurodegenerative disease achalasia (obsolete: "cardiac spasm") is the second most common functional disease of the esophagus after reflux disease. It is associated with an extremely high level of suffering for the patient. Pathophysiologically, it is a combination of a lack of swallowing-reflex relaxation at the gastric entrance and disturbed peristalsis of the tubular esophagus.

[Results of pancreatic surgery from the perspective of patients: a cross-sectional study of the support group "Arbeitskreis der Pankreatektomierten e. V."].

Background:  The support group "Arbeitskreis der Pankreatektomierten e. V. (AdP)" was founded in 1976 and is the largest group of individuals affected by pancreatic disease in Germany.

Glucose transporters 1, 3, 6, and 10 are expressed in gastric cancer and glucose transporter 3 is associated with UICC stage and survival.

Background: Due to proliferation and increased metabolism, cancer cells have high glucose requirements. The glucose uptake of cells is influenced by a group of membrane proteins denoted the glucose transporter family (Glut-1 to -12). Whereas increased expression and a negative correlation with survival have been described for Glut-1 in several types of cancer, the impact of other glucose transporters on tumor biology is widely unknown.

Third international conference of the European Union Network of Excellence on gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer, Cologne, Germany, June 2012.

In 2012 the European Union Network of Excellence on gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer (EUNE) held its third conference in Cologne, Germany. The main themes discussed included translational research, standard and audit, early diagnosis, development of surgical treatment, adequate surgery for EGJ cancer, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment, prevention of peritoneal carcinomatosis and finally education and training. The meeting was attended by 150 experts from 18 different countries.

Regional lymphadenectomy strongly recommended in T1b gallbladder cancer.

This article discusses the adequate treatment of early gallbladder cancer (T1a, T1b) and is based on published studies extending over nearly 3 decades. Randomized studies and meta analyses comparing different surgical treatments do not exist. The literature shows that in up to 20% of patients lymph node metastasis are found in T1b gallbladder cancer.

Impact of duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy with external drainage of the pancreatic duct after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: A variety of different techniques are established for the management of the pancreatic remnant after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy. Although pancreaticojejunostomy is one of the most favored methods, technical details are still under discussion. We report about a series of duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomies with total external drainage of the pancreatic duct.