[Treatment of obstructive disease with fenoterol-ipratropiumbromid dosage aerosol (IK 6). Short and long-terms results (author's transl)].

Fenoterol-Ipratropiumbromid dosage aerosol (IK 6) showed in acute experiments on patients with chronic obstructive disease optimal bronchodilatation. In this mixture of Fenoterol and Ipratropiumbromid only 50% of the optimal dosage of the beta 2-stimulator is present. This minimizes the side-effects and increases the therapeutic range.

A theoretical study of H3PO4, nor-N-mustard, and cyclophosphamide.

Some physical and chemical properties of the cancerostat cyclophosphamide (generic name: ENDOXAN) and its basic constituents H3PO4 and nor-N-mustard have been calculated with the help of a modified CNDO/S-method. The spectroscopic data of the H3PO4, which is the starting-point for a corresponding calculation of cyclophosphamide, has been studied by taking account of the 3 d electron of the phosphorus. Nor-N-mustard is a very reactive compound, characterized by the ability to split off chloride ions and to act as an alkylating agent.

[Clinical-functional emphysema diagnostics and immunological correlations (author's transl)].

By application of the correlation flow resistance/intrathoracic gas volume the lung emphysema is differentiated in quality within the scope of chronic obstructive lung diseases. For these groups immunoglobulins, the alpha1-trypsin activity in serum and the activity of further protease inhibitors were determined. There are no substantial variables in the different groups with regard to immunoglobulins.

[Clinical aspects and prevention of pneumoconiosis caused by inorganic dusts (author's transl)].

Anthracosilicosis and asbestosis are the most important types of pneumoconioses induced by inorganic dust. They produce entirely different damage to the broncho-pulmonary system. Anthracosilicosis graded B or C roentgenographically is very often accompanied by obstructive respiratory disorders; in asbestosis restrictive disturbances predominate.

[Cefoxitin and cefuroxim concentrations after intravenous administration in sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis (author's transl)].

On 24 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis the Cefuroxim and Cefoxitin concentrations in the sputum were investigated during 11 days after intravenous injections. The concentrations of Cefuroxim were above the minimal concentrations necessary to block growing of bacteria. Cefoxitin showed lower concentrations.

The role of upper airways and of sensoric receptors on reflex bronchoconstriction.

The influence of bilateral transection of the nervi laryngici cranialis, laryngici caudalis and glossopharyngici on ACH and allergen-induced bronchoconstriction was tested in 15 dogs. In three dogs the free preparation of bilateral nervi laryngici cranialis was performed for control measurements. Partial transection of pulmonary left nervus vagus was performed in three dogs and compared to radical transection of the same nerve in three animals.

Localisation of the changes of the sensitivity of the airways by proteolytic enzymes (pronase) against acetylcholine.

Proteolytic enzymes increase the sensitivity of the bronchial system against acetylcholine when inhaled as aerosols. These experiments were performed on 33 dogs in order to localize the area of sensitivity in the bronchial system responsible fe aerosol only to the upper part of the airtract sensitises the lower part of the airways against acetylcholine. Pronase aerosol given to the lower part of the airways needs higher dosages for sensitization to acetylcholine.

The side of action of bronchodilating drugs (beta 2-stimulators) on antigen-induced bronchoconstriction.

The prophylactic effect of a sympathicomimetic drug (Fenoterol) was tested separately for the upper and the lower respiratory tract on 14 boxer dogs exposed to antigen challenge. In the lower airways, a restricted short-lasting diminution of bronchoconstriction was observed when both antigen and Fenoterol were administered to these airways. Administration of Fenoterol to the upper respiratory tract showed a long-lasting strong local effect in prevention of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction.

The location of sensoric bronchoconstricting receptors in the upper airways.

The bronchoconstrictoric influence of allergen and acetylcholine aerosol was tested in 16 boxer dogs. The animals were exposed to these substances through a mask. The aerosol was also administered directly to three restricted areas of the trachea.

The role of upper airways in antigen-induced bronchoconstriction.

The bronchoconstrictor effect of antigen was tested in 15 dogs. The upper and the lower airways were sequently exposed through a specially confected endotracheal tube. The antigen was also generally administered through a mouth mask.

Tracheal contractility and flow resistance in anesthetized dogs with and without vagal block.

The study was carried out on 8 boxer dogs in three groups. They were anesthetized, intubated and breathed spontaneously. The animals were exposed to inhalative acetylcholine (ACH) aerosol, mechanical stimulus to the bronchial tree, intrabronchial and intravenous application of ACH solution.

Therapeutical influence of vagus blockade on antigen-induced airway obstruction.

The influence of bilateral vagus blockade on airway resistance induced by allergen exposure, while aerosol was given, was tested on 3 dogs. The therapeutic effect of vagus blockade could be demonstrated, which showed to be in a same degree as its prophylactic effect demonstrated in experiences before.

[Age-dependent mechanical properties of the lung (author's transl)].

Capacity resistance breaking and volume resistance breaking were determined in normal subjects divided into three groups according to their age. There was a statistically significant age dependence with regard to both values. At a higher age, capacity resistance breaking increases in the respiratory tract already above the end-expiratory intrathoracic gas volume.

Influence of low concentrations of allergens on bronchial system.

The influence of Ascaris extract, applied during 1 h in low concentration as aerosol and intravenously, on the bronchial system and the potentiation of increase of airway resistance to acetylcholine (ACH) and histamine challenge caused by this kind of allergen exposure were studied in 13 dogs. All the animals presented no reaction by the allergen exposure itself but developed an increased response to ACH and histamine after this kind of allergen exposure. A control group of 4 dogs was submitted to saline solution aerosol and intravenous application.

The effect of sympathicomimetics and anticholinergics on antigen-induced airway obstruction.

The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of a sympathicomimetic drug 1-(3,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-([1-(4-hydroxy-benzyl)-ethyl]-amino)-ethanol-hydrobromide (fenoterol HBr, Berotec) and an anticholinergic drug (8r)-8-isorpopyl-3 alpha-[(+/-)-tropoyl-oxy]-1 alpha H,5 alpha H-tropanium-bromide (ipratropium bromide, Atrovent) were tested on a series of 13 boxer dogs, exposed to allergen challenge. The therapeutic and prophylactic influence showed to be similar for both substances. The effect on bronchoconstriction was not followed by a similar influence on arterial blood gas values.

[Blood level courses after i.v., i.m. and p.o. administration of theophylline ethylendiamine and pH-neutral solution of theophylline (author's transl)].

Serum theophylline concentration was measured in nine patients with chronic-obstructive lung disease following oral, i.m. and i.

Fatigue of airway obstruction during long-term exposure to allergen aerosol.

The response to prolonged antigen exposure and the potentiation of airway resistance increase to ACH challenge, after this exposure, were studied on sixteen boxer dogs. One group of animals presented fatigue to A.E.