Participant observation for inquiry-based learning: a document analysis of exam papers from an internship-course for master's students in health services research in Germany.

Inquiry-based learning (IBL) is a type of problem-based learning. While IBL aims at reflecting the work of practicing researchers, only some students will pursue an academic career. We therefore designed a course that provides opportunities for IBL by applying participant observation to internship work experience inside and outside academia.

Leading a Palliative Care Team Through Times of Growth And Change.

High-functioning palliative care teams are essential to high-quality care for individuals with serious illness and their families. Such teams are flexible and adapt to change. However, recent high turnover and understaffing, compounded by a pandemic, challenge even the most resilient and adaptable teams.

The role of patient-related factors in the implementation of a multimodal home-based rehabilitation intervention after discharge from inpatient geriatric rehabilitation (GeRas): a qualitative process evaluation.

Background: Structured aftercare programs are implemented to facilitate the transition from rehabilitation centers to patients' home environments. Taking the program GeRas as an example, this paper aims to evaluate the influence of patient-related factors on the implementation of the geriatric aftercare program GeRas from patients' and providers' perspectives.

Methods: To capture patients' and providers' perspectives, qualitative interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide.

Household material hardship and distress among parents of children with advanced cancer: A report from the PediQUEST Response trial.

Background: The prevalence and characteristics of household material hardship (HMH) in families of children with advanced cancer and its association with parent distress are unknown and herein described.

Methods: Parents of children aged ≥2 years with advanced cancer at five cancer centers completed baseline surveys as part of the PediQUEST Response trial. HMH (housing, energy, and food) was operationalized as binary (≥1 HMH domains), ordinal (zero, one, or two or more HMH domains), and housing based (none, nonhousing [food and/or energy], only housing, or housing + other).

Provision and use of assistive products in patients after stroke and spinal cord injury in Germany: a qualitative interview study.

Purpose: Mobility impairments are a common consequence of stroke and spinal cord injury (SCI). Assistive products (APs) such as wheelchairs are often needed for activities and participation. The aim of the study was to explore the provision and use of APs in Germany and to identify associated factors underlying this practice.

[Opportunities and Challenges Of The Ethics Review Of Qualitative Health Services Research: A Survey Of Qualitative Researchers].

Ethics committees ensure compliance with ethical principles in medical research. They are oriented towards clinical studies, but also review e. g.

Potential of Artificial Intelligence to Accelerate Drug Development for Rare Diseases.

The growth in breadth and depth of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has been fast, running hand in hand with the increasing amount of digital data available. Here, we comment on the application of AI in the field of drug development, with a strong focus on the specific achievements and challenges posed by rare diseases. Data paucity and high costs make drug development for rare diseases especially hard.

Core values of employed general practitioners in Germany - a qualitative study.

Background: "Core values" help to guide practice of health care delivery. The core values of general practice are described in the European definition of general practice by WONCA, e.g.

Self-interaction correction schemes for non-collinear spin-density-functional theory.

We extend some of the well-established self-interaction correction (SIC) schemes of density-functional theory-the Perdew-Zunger SIC and the average-density SIC-to the case of systems with noncollinear magnetism. Our proposed SIC schemes are tested on a set of molecules and metallic clusters in combination with the widely used local spin-density approximation. As expected from the collinear SIC, we show that the averaged-density SIC works well for improving ionization energies but fails to improve more subtle quantities like the dipole moments of polar molecules.

[Between New Responsibility and Daily Routines - The Role of the VERAH in GP Care: A Qualitative Secondary Data Case Study of the Introduction of Software-Based Case Management].

Background: The concept of Care Assistant in General Practice (VERAH) was developed in order to integrate non-medical staff more strongly into primary care and thus to meet the increasing demand for care and the simultaneous shortage of medical staff. VERAHs are increasingly responsible for software-supported case management and are thus confronted with new tasks. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the role of the VERAH in primary care practices.

Development of individual competencies and team performance in interprofessional ward rounds: results of a study with multimodal observations at the Heidelberg Interprofessional Training Ward.

Introduction: Interprofessional training wards (IPTW) aim to improve undergraduates' interprofessional collaborative practice of care. Little is known about the effects of the different team tasks on IPTW as measured by external assessment. In Heidelberg, Germany, four nursing and four medical undergraduates (= one cohort) care for up to six patients undergoing general surgery during a four-week placement.

Current practice of outpatient rehabilitation services in patients with mobility-impaired paralysis due to stroke or spinal cord injury: a qualitative interview study in Germany.

Purpose: When mobility deficits persist after stroke or spinal cord injury (SCI), outpatient neurorehabilitation services are required. This study aimed to explore the current practice of German outpatient neurorehabilitation services and identify factors associated to this practice.

Methods: This was a qualitative observational study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals from outpatient neurorehabilitation services and mobility-impaired patients.

Persistent dynamic magnetic state in artificial honeycomb spin ice.

Topological magnetic charges, arising due to the non-vanishing magnetic flux on spin ice vertices, serve as the origin of magnetic monopoles that traverse the underlying lattice effortlessly. Unlike spin ice materials of atomic origin, the dynamic state in artificial honeycomb spin ice is conventionally described in terms of finite size domain wall kinetics that require magnetic field or current application. Contrary to this common understanding, here we show that a thermally tunable artificial permalloy honeycomb lattice exhibits a perpetual dynamic state due to self-propelled magnetic charge defect relaxation in the absence of any external tuning agent.

[Measuring individual competencies and team performance in clinical learning settings of interprofessional collaborative practice: Empirical development of the Interprofessional Ward Round Individual and Team Assessment Tool (IP-VITA)].

Background: Interprofessional training wards (IPTW) can contribute to the development of interprofessional competencies. In order to evaluate the acquisition of competencies, instruments are needed that record both team performance and individual competencies in the clinical teaching setting in third-party assessment. This paper describes the Interprofessional Ward Round Individual and Team Assessment-Tool, IP-VITA ("Interprofessionelle Visiten Individual und Team Assessment Tool") and its development.

Keeping up with evidence-based recommendations - a qualitative interview study with general practitioners in Germany on information-seeking behaviour in cardiovascular care.

Background: Due to the nature of their work, general practitioners (GPs) need to be up to date with evidence in various medical domains. While much synthesised research evidence is easily accessible nowadays, in practice, the time to search for and review this evidence proposes a challenge. In German primary care, the knowledge infrastructure is rather fragmented, leaving GPs with relatively few primary care specific resources of information and many resources from other medical fields.

Revisiting medical neglect concerns in children with life-threatening complex chronic conditions.

Background/objectives: Life-Threatening Complex Chronic Conditions (LT-CCCs) increase the complexity of medical neglect concerns. Clinicians' perspectives are central in concerns for medical neglect, yet little is currently known regarding clinicians' understanding of and approach to these situations. We explored how clinicians who care for children with LT-CCCs understand medical neglect.

[Acceptance of telemetric care for patients with sICD safety advice : Qualitative interview study in cardiological health services research].

Background: Telemonitoring is used to monitor implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Despite the scientifically proven effectiveness and safety of telemetric care, studies show that the offer is not used and accepted by all patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of ICD patients towards telemonitoring, including which aspects influence attitudes and decision-making.

Effect of Different Fiber Sources as Additives to Wet Food for Beagle Dogs on Diet Acceptance, Digestibility, and Fecal Quality.

In order to enhance the health and welfare of obese dogs and to facilitate the required loss of body weight, commercial diets are produced with fibrous ingredients. Cellulose is a common dietary fiber used mainly in powdered form. However, other processing forms and fibers are available as fibrous additives.

Interprofessional weaning boards for invasively ventilated patients in intensive care units: Qualitative interview study with healthcare professionals in Germany.

Numbers of mechanically ventilated patients are increasing worldwide. Weaning Boards could support weaning from the ventilator by facilitating interprofessional consultations between Weaning Centers and nonpneumological intensive care units. This study, which is linked to the project Prevention of invasive Ventilation, aimed to explore the design and implementation of future Weaning Boards.

DFT exchange: sharing perspectives on the workhorse of quantum chemistry and materials science.

In this paper, the history, present status, and future of density-functional theory (DFT) is informally reviewed and discussed by 70 workers in the field, including molecular scientists, materials scientists, method developers and practitioners. The format of the paper is that of a roundtable discussion, in which the participants express and exchange views on DFT in the form of 302 individual contributions, formulated as responses to a preset list of 26 questions. Supported by a bibliography of 777 entries, the paper represents a broad snapshot of DFT, anno 2022.

Health Education about Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors in Gynecological and Obstetric Care: A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Providers' Views in Germany.

Objective: Lifestyle-related risk factors (LRRFs) during pregnancy and lactation are associated with a range of health problems. However, previous studies have shown a large knowledge gap among pregnant women regarding the effects of LRRFs. This study aimed to investigate the role of health education about LRRFs during pregnancy and lactation in gynecological and obstetric care from healthcare providers' (HCPs) point of view.