Molecular Subtypes Are Associated With Clinical Benefit in Cisplatin-Treated Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy (CHT) is standard of care in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC); however, no predictive molecular biomarkers are available for clinical use. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of molecular subtypes in relation to treatment response and survival in patients with mUC treated with first-line CHT.

Patients And Methods: Molecular subtype classification according to the Lund Taxonomy (LundTax) was performed by tumor transcriptomic profiling and immunostaining in a retrospective cohort.

Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and taxanes in metastatic prostate cancer: an outcome-adaptive randomized platform trial.

ProBio is the first outcome-adaptive platform trial in prostate cancer utilizing a Bayesian framework to evaluate efficacy within predefined biomarker signatures across systemic treatments. Prospective circulating tumor DNA and germline DNA analysis was performed in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer before randomization to androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), taxanes or a physician's choice control arm. The primary endpoint was the time to no longer clinically benefitting (NLCB).

Treatment Related to Urinary Tract Infections Is Associated with Delayed Diagnosis of Urinary Bladder Cancer: A Nationwide Population-based Study.

Background And Objective: It has been suggested that urinary tract infections (UTIs) are associated with delayed diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC). Our aim was to investigate prediagnostic treatments related to UTI and the relation to BC diagnostic delay, reflected by advanced disease at diagnosis.

Methods: We used data from the BladderBaSe 2.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy is beneficial for a subgroup of patients with urothelial cancer and solitary metastatic disease: a single institution real-world experience.

Background: Standard treatment options for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) include systemic platinum-based chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antibody-drug-conjugates, and targeted therapy. Oligometastatic disease (OMD) may be an intermediate state between localized and generalized cancer. The best treatment strategy for OMD and oligoprogressive (OPD) disease is poorly studied in mUC but local stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) could be an option to avoid or delay systemic treatment.

Cumulative incidence of and risk factors for BCG infection after adjuvant BCG instillations.

Objectives: To investigate the cumulative incidence proportion of disseminated or local Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections after adjuvant BCG instillations in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Patients And Methods: We analysed the timing and occurrence of BCG infections and absolute and relative risk in relation to patient characteristics available in the Swedish nationwide database 'BladderBaSe 2.0'.

Avelumab First-line Maintenance for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Analysis from JAVELIN Bladder 100 by Duration of First-line Chemotherapy and Interval Before Maintenance.

Background: In the JAVELIN Bladder 100 phase 3 trial, avelumab first-line maintenance + best supportive care (BSC) prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus BSC alone in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (advanced UC) without progression after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.

Objective: To report post hoc analyses of subgroups defined by the duration of first-line chemotherapy and interval before maintenance.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Patients with advanced UC without progression after four to six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy and a 4-10-wk interval after chemotherapy (n = 700) were randomized to receive avelumab + BSC or BSC alone.

Metastasis and recurrence patterns in the molecular subtypes of urothelial bladder cancer.

Urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder frequently metastasizes to lymph-nodes, lungs, liver and bone. A taxonomy for molecular classification exists, but it is unknown if molecular subtypes show tropism for different organs. Here, we study 146 patients with de novo metastatic disease or recurrence after curative treatment.

Treatment Patterns and Efficacy of Chemotherapy After Pembrolizumab in Advanced Urothelial Cancer-a Real-World Study in the pre-Antibody-Drug Conjugate Era.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been established as a routine treatment in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). However, there has been no standard of care after progression on ICIs. We investigated real-world treatment patterns and efficacy of chemotherapy (CHT) after pembrolizumab, in the era before introduction of maintenance avelumab and antibody-drug conjugates (ADC).

Avelumab First-line Maintenance Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Comprehensive Clinical Subgroup Analyses from the JAVELIN Bladder 100 Phase 3 Trial.

Background: In the phase 3 JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial, avelumab first-line (1L) maintenance + best supportive care (BSC) significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus BSC alone in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) who were progression-free following 1L platinum-based chemotherapy, leading to regulatory approval in various countries.

Objective: To analyze clinically relevant subgroups from JAVELIN Bladder 100.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic UC without progression on 1L gemcitabine + cisplatin or carboplatin were randomized to receive avelumab + BSC (n = 350) or BSC alone (n = 350).

Transcriptomic analysis of plasma exosomes provides molecular information of response to cabazitaxel treatment in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer type and the second most common cancer-related cause of death in men. Cabazitaxel, a next-generation taxane, shows favorable toxicity profile and is effective in docetaxel-resistant tumors. Despite initial responses, in most cases, prostate cancer patients acquire resistance to cabazitaxel.

Avelumab First-Line Maintenance for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Results From the JAVELIN Bladder 100 Trial After ≥2 Years of Follow-Up.

JCO Initial results from the phase III JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02603432) showed that avelumab first-line (1L) maintenance plus best supportive care (BSC) significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) versus BSC alone in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) who were progression-free after 1L platinum-containing chemotherapy. Avelumab 1L maintenance treatment is now a standard of care for aUC.

Optimal Systemic Treatment of Advanced Bladder Cancer Calls for a Multidisciplinary Approach.

Although the bladder cancer treatment field is expanding with several new treatments introduced in the last decade, many patients with an advanced form of the disease can expect a poor prognosis when diagnosed [...

Short term outcomes after robot assisted and open cystectomy - A nation-wide population-based study.

Introduction: We aimed to compare short term outcomes after robot assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and open radical cystectomy (ORC) for urinary bladder cancer in a large population.

Materials And Methods: We included all patients without distant metastases who underwent either RARC or ORC with ileal conduit between 2011 and 2019 registered in the Bladder cancer data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe) 2.0.

Preoperative upper tract invasive diagnostic modalities are associated with intravesical recurrence following surgery for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A population-based study.

Background: Intravesical recurrence (IVR) after surgery for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a clinical problem. We investigated if preoperative invasive diagnostic modalities (IDM) such as antegrade/retrograde uretero-pyelography and/or selective urine cytology/barbotage, and URS with or without concomitant biopsy are associated with IVR after radical surgery for UTUC. Risk of death from urothelial cancer and all causes was investigated as secondary outcomes.

A randomised, double-blind, dose-finding, phase II multicentre study of ODX in the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and skeletal metastases.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ODX, a novel, cytotoxic, bone-targeting drug candidate, in castration-resistant prostate cancer bone metastatic disease.

Methods: Patients with progressive disease were randomised to ten cycles of ODX, intravenous infusion Q2W (3, 6, and 9 mg/kg, respectively). The primary objective was to assess the relative change from baseline in bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) and serum-aminoterminal-propeptide of Type I procollagen (S-P1NP) at 12 weeks.

Incidence, mortality and relative survival of patients with cancer of the bladder and upper urothelial tract in the Nordic countries between 1990 and 2019.

Purpose: To understand the potential impact of new treatment options for urinary tract cancer, recent population trends in incidence, mortality and survival should be elucidated. This study estimated changes in the incidence, mortality and relative survival of urinary tract cancer in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) between 1990 and 2019.

Methods: Annual counts of incident cases and deaths due to urinary tract cancer ( codes C65-C68, D09.

Real World Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated With Radium-223 in Routine Clinical Practice in Sweden.

Aim: Estimate the effect of Radium-223 (Ra-223) on the incidence of bone fractures, prostate cancer death, and all-cause death compared with other standard treatments for metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Methods: Using a cohort design, we estimated the effect of Ra-223 on the risk of bone fractures, all-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality across different lines of treatment for mCRPC using Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (2013-2018). The comparator group comprised other standard treatments for mCRPC.

Number of transurethral procedures after non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and survival in causes other than bladder cancer.

Background: Previous research has associated repeated transurethral procedures after a diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with increased risk of death of causes other than bladder cancer.

Aim: We investigated the overall and disease-specific risk of death in patients with NMIBC compared to a background population sample.

Methods: We utilized the database BladderBaSe 2.

High levels of health-related quality of life five years after curative treatment of prostate cancer with HDR-brachytherapy and external beam radiation.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in men with prostate cancer treated 2002-2008 with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT), Cohort A, and to compare these data with age-adjusted normative data. In addition, differences in HRQoL following adjustments of the brachytherapy technique in 2001 were investigated by comparing Cohort A with men treated at the same clinic from 1998-2000, Cohort B.

Methods And Material: Cohort A: 1495 men treated with EBRT 2 Gy to 50 Gy and 2 fractions of 10 Gy HDRBT at a single centre, 2002-2008, still alive at five years.

Profiling of extracellular vesicles of metastatic urothelial cancer patients to discover protein signatures related to treatment outcome.

The prognosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients is poor, and early prediction of systemic therapy response would be valuable to improve outcome. In this exploratory study, we investigated protein profiles in sequential plasma-isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from a subset of mUC patients treated within a Phase I trial with vinflunine combined with sorafenib. The isolated EVs were of exosome size and expressed exosome markers CD9, TSG101 and SYND-1.