Impact of geo-climatic factors on the prevalence and diversity of tick fauna in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Background: Ticks are blood-feeding ectoparasites that can transmit different diseases in livestock and humans. Globally, 994 tick species are recognized, belonging to three families, that is, Argasidae (220 species), Ixodidae (773 species) and Nuttalliellidae (one species). The current study investigated the impact of geo-climatic conditions on the prevalence and distribution of ticks in Achai cattle of the northern Hindukush Mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Effects of elevated atmospheric ozone concentration on biomass and non-structural carbohydrates allocation of cherry radish.

Regional increases in atmospheric O have phytotoxicity due to its strong oxidizing properties. Cherry radish ( L.), with its sensitivity to O and rapid growth cycle, serves as an excellent model for investigating the effects of elevated O on plant physiological responses.

Evaluating Drug-Eluting Balloons Versus Stenting for Provisional Bifurcation Lesions: Short-Term Outcomes and Future Directions.

Background This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) versus stenting in provisional bifurcation lesions, focusing on procedural success, safety, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The study specifically assessed key adverse outcomes, including restenosis, target lesion revascularization (TLR), myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, and mortality. Bifurcation lesions present significant challenges in interventional cardiology due to their complex anatomy, which contributes to a higher risk of restenosis, side-branch occlusion, and thrombotic events.

Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Single Ostium Coronary Arteries: Challenges and Considerations.

Coronary anomalies occur in a very small proportion of the general population. One such anomaly is a single ostium coronary artery (SOCA). Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in SOCA can pose significant challenges due to anatomical complexity or hardware selection.

Ethnobotanical knowledge and ethnomedicinal uses of plant resources by urban communities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: a novel urban ethnobotanical approach.

Study Background: Ethnobotanical knowledge of plants in rural and remote areas is more common in Pakistan than in urban areas. This study was carried out to find the indigenous knowledge of plants in anthropogenically disturbed urban areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Materials And Methods: Eight visits (Two per season) were carried out from March 2023 to March 2024.

Tree carbon allocation to root exudates: Implications for carbon budgets, soil sequestration, and drought response.

Root carbon (C) exudation plays a central role in nutrient acquisition, microbially-mediated organic matter decomposition, and many other critical ecosystem processes. While it is well-known that roots respond strongly to belowground resources, we have a limited quantitative understanding about C allocation to exudates and its fate in soil under changing water availability. This review synthesizes the importance of exudate C fluxes, summarizes studies quantifying mass-specific exudation rate (SER), total exudation rate (TER), and root exudate fraction (REF; the proportion of TER in a plant's C allocation), examines drought effects, and highlights key research priorities to advance the understanding of C allocation to exudates in forest ecosystems.

Role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable agriculture: Addressing environmental and biological challenges.

This review underscores the importance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), fostering sustainability to address various environmental and biological issues. PGPR helps crops withstand salinity, nutrient deficiencies, and drought stress while tackling agricultural threats. Sustainable agriculture has emerged as a response to the social and economic problems farming practices face.

Function and mechanism of miRNAs during the process of infection.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), a Gram-negative bacterium, is a major cause of nosocomial infections and can lead to severe, widespread infections. The rise of hypervirulent and multidrug-resistant K.

A novel intelligent framework for assessing within-host transmission dynamics of Chikungunya virus using an unsupervised stochastic neural network approach.

In this study, we present a novel intelligent computing framework based on unsupervised random projection neural networks for analyzing the within-host transmission dynamics of the Chikungunya virus with an adaptive immune response. In addition to the fundamental analysis of the model, we perform comprehensive simulations under varying initial conditions to explore the dynamics in both the virus-free and endemic states. The proposed method is compared with existing numerical techniques in terms of absolute errors for different cases, considering different suitable initial values of the state variables.

Clear-cell carcinoma of the soft palate: a case with atypical presentation and long-term follow-up: a case report.

Background: Clear-cell carcinoma, a rare malignancy of the minor salivary gland of the soft palate, is diagnostically challenging neoplasm due to its rarity and overlapping features with other neoplasms. We report a case of atypical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and long-term follow-up post-surgical resection of the tumor, which adds valuable insights to literature on this rare malignancy.

Case Presentation: A 34-years-old Pakistani female came to the hospital with a 2 × 2 cm ulcerative lesion of soft palate.

Spatio-temporal analysis of urban expansion and land use dynamics using google earth engine and predictive models.

Urban expansion and changes in land use/land cover (LULC) have intensified in recent decades due to human activity, influencing ecological and developmental landscapes. This study investigated historical and projected LULC changes and urban growth patterns in the districts of Multan and Sargodha, Pakistan, using Landsat satellite imagery, cloud computing, and predictive modelling from 1990 to 2030. The analysis of satellite images was grouped into four time periods (1990-2000, 2000-2010, 2010-2020, and 2020-2030).

Exposure to Acute Concentration of Malathion Induced Behavioral, Hematological, and Biochemical Toxicities in the Brain of .

A surge has been observed in the use of pesticides to boost agricultural yield in order to feed the continuously increasing human population. Different types and classes of broad-spectrum insecticides are in use, and the number is constantly increasing with the introduction of new ones. Keeping in view the broad-spectrum effects of organophosphate pesticides including Malathion (MLN), their use is continuously increasing without appraising their toxic impacts on non-target organisms.

Evaluating an evidence-based iSupport for Dementia programme in routine care services: study protocol for a hybrid type II trial.

Introduction: Disparities in supporting carers of people with dementia exist in carer populations. The WHO developed an evidence-based iSupport for Dementia programme to address the disparities. However, evidence on how to embed the iSupport programme in routine health and aged care services to optimise support for carers remains largely unknown.

Molecular detection and phylogeny of Hepatozoon ophisauri and Toxoplasma gondii in wild lizards from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Despite Pakistan's rich reptilian diversity, wild lizards have largely been unexplored for vector-borne parasites. This study reports the prevalence and phylogenetic assessment of Hepatozoon ophisauri and Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the blood samples of 101 wild lizards from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, captured at altitudes of 1200 to 2250 m above sea level between March 2022 and June 2023. PCR-based molecular analysis identified H.

Long-term effect of repeated low-level red light therapy on myopia control: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Myopia is a refractive error where distant objects are not clearly seen and appear blurred. Goal of this study was to evaluate long-term effectiveness of Repeated Low-Level Red Light (RLRL) therapy for children with myopia, which primarily focused on Axial length (AL) and Spherical Equivalent Refraction (SER) as primary endpoints.

Methods: The research compared outcomes between RLRL treatment with Single Vision Spectacles (SVS) for childhood myopia management.

Emodin, a Potent Anthraquinone Mitigates MPTP-Induced Parkinsons' Disease Pathology by Regulating Nrf2 and Its Downstream Targets: In Silico and In Vivo Approach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by neurodegeneration that follows the destruction of dopaminergic neurons, mainly localized to the substantia nigra. It results in debilitating motor as well as non-motor symptoms. The current study investigated the neuroprotective potential of emodin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative, in a well-established model of PD in mice induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).

Predicting incontinence and erectile function after prostate cancer surgery: International validation of models.

Background: Our objective is to externally validate the most accurate, published tools predicting urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction following prostatectomy. Several models have been developed to predict the risks of adverse events, though most have not been externally validated.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry of Australia and New Zealand (PCOR-ANZ).

Prognostic factors and surgical outcomes of foot drop secondary to lumbar degenerative disease: A systematic review and Individual patient data meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the surgical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with unilateral footdrop secondary to lumbar disc herniation undergoing surgical intervention.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant literature from inception to 26 March 2023. The quality of the studies was evaluated per the NHLBI Quality Assessment Tools.

Reviewing the impact of seed-borne mycoflora on mycotoxin accumulation: A threat to lentil genetic resources.

Lentil is an important legume crop with high nutritional value but susceptible to fungal attacks which due to mycotoxins production not only affect its nutritional quality but also pose high risk to its genetic resources. This review paper aims to explore that how mycotoxin accumulation by seed-borne mycoflora influence Lentil's genetic resources. We also discussed sources of toxins produced by mycoflora, their impacts on lentil production, and effective management strategies.

N-acetylglucosamine sensing in the filamentous soil fungus Trichoderma reesei.

N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is involved in diverse signaling pathways in dimorphic yeasts and bacteria and is related to morphogenetic switching, mating, stress, virulence, and cell death. Recently, GlcNAc has been shown to promote plant growth by shaping the bacterial soil community. However, the role of GlcNAc sensing in filamentous soil fungi has not been investigated.

Assessment of water quality and health hazards using water quality index and human health risk evaluation in district Talagang Pakistan.

This work was carried out for the determination of the water quality in the Talagang District of Pakistan, as water is essential for agriculture and drinking uses. This study aims to assess the water quality for irrigation, drinking, and health risks using the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) tools to identify regions with contaminated water, and to evaluate the associated risks. A total of 98 water samples were taken at various points from diverse sources such as hand pumps, streams, springs, dug wells, and tube wells for physio-chemical assessment.

A geospatial and statistical analysis of land surface temperature in response to land use land cover changes and urban heat island dynamics.

The escalating trend of global urbanization, particularly pronounced in the burgeoning urban areas of Pakistan, necessitates a meticulous examination of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes and their extensive environmental repercussions. Understanding these transformations is crucial for informed decision-making in evolving ecological dynamics. This research utilizes Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and statistical analyses to investigate LULC thoroughly changes in Okara District, Pakistan, from 1991 to 2023.

Role of Opioid-Sparing Techniques in Pain Management for General Surgery Patients With Hepatic Dysfunction: An Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction Patients with hepatic dysfunction undergoing general surgery face significant perioperative risks due to the liver's critical role in drug metabolism and systemic homeostasis. Opioid-sparing techniques may mitigate these risks by reducing opioid consumption and minimizing hepatic complications. Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of opioid-sparing techniques in pain management for general surgery patients with hepatic dysfunction and their impact on postoperative outcomes.

Effect of dietary supplementation of lauric acid on growth performance, digestive enzymes, serum immune and antioxidant parameters, and intestinal morphology in black sea bream.

An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to examine the impact of dietary supplementation with lauric acid (LA) on juvenile black sea bream. A basal diet was formulated containing 19.9% fish meal, while five additional diets were prepared, each supplemented with varying levels of LA: LA1 (0.

Metal-Phenolic Network (MPN) Modified Janus Fibrous Hydrogel Scaffold for Infected Diabetic Wound Healing.

Management of infected diabetic wounds with large amounts of biofluid is challenging to treat due to localized edema-induced ischemia. Traditional hydrophilic dressings retain wound exudate, raise bacterial infection, and hinder wound healing. Herein, a multifunctional double-layer Janus fibrous hydrogel with a hydrophobic and superhydrophilic potential was designed to accelerate the healing of infected diabetic wounds.