incidence, phenotype, and severity in children and adolescents in Denmark before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide multicentre population-based cohort study.

Background: infections resurged globally in 2023-2024 after a three-year decline during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the incidence and severity of infections in children and adolescents before, during, and after the pandemic.

Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all Danish children and adolescents aged 0-17 years with a positive PCR test from May 1, 2016, to April 30, 2024.

A Novel CDC42 Variant with Impaired Thymopoiesis, IL-7R Signaling, PAK1 Binding, and TCR Repertoire Diversity.

Genetic variants in cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) can manifest with dysmorphic features, autoinflammation, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and thrombocytopenia, whereas defective thymopoiesis is a rare disease manifestation. We report a novel CDC42 missense variant (c.46A > G, p.

Hospital admissions and need for mechanical ventilation in children with respiratory syncytial virus before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) increased in several countries after the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions. We aimed to investigate the age-related risk of RSV-associated hospital admissions and need for mechanical ventilation during the RSV resurgence in summer and autumn 2021 compared with the four RSV seasons preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. We also aimed to describe the clinical complications necessitating mechanical ventilation.

Fatal SARS-CoV-2-Associated Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-producing Staphylococcal Bacteremia: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study.

We reviewed all cases of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) bacteremia in Danish children between 2016 and 2021. We found 2 fatal cases with preceding viral prodrome due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Given the usual benign course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, awareness of possible superinfection with PVL-SA in a child with rapid deterioration is crucial to ensure adequate treatment, including antimicrobial drugs with antitoxin effect.

[Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection].

In the era of the coronavirus disease pandemic, a new disease entity named multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children has emerged. This is a case report of a seven-year-old boy with hyperinflammation and cardiac involvement, compatible with this disease entity. Antibody tests and symptoms indicated previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

STK4 Deficiency Impairs Innate Immunity and Interferon Production Through Negative Regulation of TBK1-IRF3 Signaling.

Background: STK4 deficiency due to homozygous mutations in the STK4 gene encoding the STK4/MST1 kinase was first described in 2012. STK4/MST1 kinase regulates cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and immune responses through canonical and non-canonical Hippo signaling pathways.

Objective: We describe an 11-year-old girl with a clinical presentation consisting of severe recurrent herpes zoster, chronic warts, and recurrent pneumonias, as well as a somatic phenotype with hypothyroidism and low stature.

Association between neutropenia and IgG antineutrophil antibodies in a case of deficiency due to two novel mutations.

This case suggests a mechanistic rationale for the clinical efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) in treating CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency associated neutropenia as it is the first reported instance of free and cell-bound antineutrophil antibodies in a case of CD40L deficiency, accompanied by a prolonged and clinically severe neutropenia.

Co-circulation of multiple enterovirus D68 subclades, including a novel B3 cluster, across Europe in a season of expected low prevalence, 2019/20.

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was detected in 93 patients from five European countries between 1 January 2019 and 15 January 2020, a season with expected low circulation. Patients were primarily children (n = 67, median age: 4 years), 59 patients required hospitalisation and five had severe neurologic manifestations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two clusters in the B3 subclade and subclade A2/D.

Possible adverse effects of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the Region of Southern Denmark: a retrospective, descriptive cohort study.

Introduction: Since the introduction of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine, young girls and women have reported a broad range of symptoms. These have been described as possible adverse effects of the vaccine. In this study, we describe demographic characteristics, symptomatology, clinical and laboratory test results in patients referred with suspected adverse effects in the Region of Southern Denmark.

[Medical treatment of children with infantile haemangiomas].

Infantile haemangioma is a benign vascular tumour seen in 4-5% of infants. It has a characteristic life cycle comprised by a proliferative phase and a spontaneous involution phase. Most infantile haemangiomas do not require intervention.