Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Cellular Immunity in Grades III-IV Knee Osteoarthritis.

Objectives: In this study, the Kellgren and Lawrence system was used as the most common radiographic grading system for diagnosis of osteoarthritis in patients defined as Grade III and IV. It is aimed to reveal oxidative stress and cellular immunity status. In this context, the aim is to discuss possible risk parameters regarding disease process and treatment effectiveness.

Efficacy of probiotics, paraprobiotics, and postbiotics in colorectal cancer cell line and their role in immune response.

Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal certain features (anti-tumor/microbial activities) of postbiotics and heat-inactivated paraprobiotics obtained from two different bacteria with determined probiotic properties, which are thought to contribute to human health.

Methods: In the study, Lactobacillus reuteri ENA31 and L. rhamnosus GAA6 strains were used.

Two novel phages, Klebsiella phage GADU21 and Escherichia phage GADU22, from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infection.

Phages are found in a wide variety of places where bacteria exist including body fluids. The aim of the present study was to isolate phages from the urine samples of patients with urinary tract infection. The 10 urine samples were cultured to isolate bacteria and also used as phage sources against the isolated bacteria.