Determinants of Mental Health Inequalities Among People With Selected Citizenships in Germany.

Objectives: Mental health is essential for overall health and is influenced by different social determinants. The aim of this paper was to examine which determinants are associated with mental health inequalities among people with selected citizenships in Germany.

Methods: Data were derived from the multilingual interview survey "German Health Update: Fokus (GEDA Fokus)" among adults with Croatian, Italian, Polish, Syrian, or Turkish citizenship (11/2021-05/2022).

Health of single mothers and fathers in Germany. Results of the GEDA studies 2019 - 2023.

Background: The living situation of single parents is often characterised by sole responsibility for family and household, problems in reconciling work and family life, and a high risk of poverty. In a comparative perspective with parents in partner households, the health of single mothers and fathers was analysed, considering differences in their social status.

Methods: The analyses are based on data from the GEDA studies 2019 - 2023 (7,999 women, 6,402 men).

Corrigendum: Health in Germany: Establishment of a population-based health panel.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.25646/11992.2.

Erratum: Health in Germany: Establishment of a population-based health panel.

[This corrects the article on p. 2,21 in vol. 9, PMID: 38282983.

Health of people with selected citizenships: results of the study GEDA Fokus.

Background: The health situation of people with a history of migration is influenced by a variety of factors. This article provides an overview of the health of people with selected citizenships using various indicators.

Methods: The analyses are based on the survey 'German Health Update: Fokus (GEDA Fokus)', which was conducted from November 2021 to May 2022 among people with Croatian, Italian, Polish, Syrian and Turkish citizenship.

Associations between individual depressive symptoms and immunometabolic characteristics in major depression.

Inflammation and metabolic dysregulations are likely to underlie atypical, energy-related depressive symptoms such as appetite and sleep alterations. Indeed, increased appetite was previously identified as a core symptom of an immunometabolic subtype of depression. The aim of this study was 1) to replicate the associations between individual depressive symptoms and immunometabolic markers, 2) to extend previous findings with additional markers, and 3) to evaluate the relative contribution of these markers to depressive symptoms.

Perceived Chronic Stress Is Associated With the German Diabetes Risk Score Among Adults Without Known Diabetes in Germany.

Objective: There is evidence that psychological distress increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but implications for prevention remain elusive. We examined the association between chronic stress and the German Diabetes Risk Score (GDRS) among adults without diabetes in Germany.

Methods: The study population consisted of 4654 persons aged 18 to 64 years without known diabetes drawn from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (2008-2011).

Depressive symptoms in the general population before and in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of the GEDA 2019/2020 study.

Background: Study results on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the first year of the pandemic are contradictory. The GEDA 2019/2020 study makes it possible to examine changes in depressive symptoms in the population.

Methods: A standardised telephone interview was used to survey a random sample of the population in Germany aged 15 and older.

The Burden of Disease in Germany at the National and Regional Level.

Background: .Summary measures such as disability-adjusted life years (DALY) are becoming increasingly important for the standardized assessment of the burden of disease due to death and disability. The BURDEN 2020 pilot project was designed as an independent burden-of-disease study for Germany, which was based on nationwide data, but which also yielded regional estimates.

Health situation in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. Developments over time for selected indicators of GEDA 2019/2020 - An update.

The spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 and the containment measures associated therewith have changed many aspects of daily life. An impact on health even beyond infections itself is assumed as well. The health situation of the population in the first phase of the pandemic was thus analysed using data from the German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS).

Health situation of adults in Germany - Results for selected indicators from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS.

In this article, we examine selected health indicators for the adult population aged 18 years and older in Germany (n=22,708) from the German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS) conducted between April 2019 and September 2020. These indicators include those of self-assessed health and depressive symptoms as well as chronic physical diseases and conditions. In young adulthood (18 to 44 years), over 80% of participants report good or very good subjective health.

Care for the chronically ill in Germany - The challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic is posing major challenges to the health care sector. This scoping review compiles evidence concerning changes to health care service availability and utilisation as well as possible impacts on health for selected groups of chronically ill people in Germany. The focus is on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and mental disorders.

Corrigendum: Developments in the health situation in Germany during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic for selected indicators of GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS.

[This corrects the article on p. 3-20 in vol. 5.

Comorbid depression and obesity among adults in Germany: Effects of age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Background: Depression and obesity are common health problems with major public health implications. These conditions frequently co-occur, adversely affecting the course of the other. The sociodemographic and socioeconomic risk factors for comorbid depression and obesity in the German adult population have not yet been reported.

Sex-specific impact of major depressive disorder on 12-year change in glycaemic status: Results from a nationwide cohort study of adults without diabetes in Germany.

Aims: There is evidence for an increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk associated with depression, but its role for diabetes prevention remains unclear. This study aimed to add insight by investigating the impact of major depressive disorder (MDD) on prospective glycaemic changes.

Methods: The study was based on a cohort of n = 1,766 adults without diabetes (776 men, 990 women; 18-65 years of age) who participated in the mental health supplement of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey (GNHIES98-MHS, 1997-1999) and in a follow-up survey (DEGS1, 2008-2011).

Developments in the health situation in Germany during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic for selected indicators of GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS.

SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus, has posed major challenges in Germany in 2020. It is unclear whether the pandemic and containment measures will have an impact on the health of the population beyond the point of infection. The German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS) is a nationwide survey of the population aged 15 years and older (n=23,001) that was conducted between April 2019 and September 2020.

Depressive symptoms in a European comparison - Results from the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) 2.

Depression is associated with a significant individual and social burden of disease. The European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) provides data that can be used to compare the situation in Germany to that of other European countries. Data was evaluated from 254,510 interviewees from Germany and 24 additional Member States of the European Union (EU).

Diagnostic performance of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in detecting DSM-5 alcohol use disorders in the General population.

Objective: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is an established screening questionnaire for the detection of at-risk drinking and possible alcohol use disorders (AUD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - fourth edition (DSM-IV). But there are still no comparable results on the diagnostic performance regarding the new criteria for AUD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - fifth edition (DSM-5), especially taking account of possible gender differences. We evaluated the performance of the full AUDIT and the consumption questions (AUDIT-C) in screening for DSM-5 AUD and at-risk drinking.

[Are Diagnoses of Depression Increasing all over the Population? - Prevalence of Self-Reported Clinician Diagnosed Depression in the 2009 and 2012 Representative Cross-Sectional "German Health Update (GEDA)" Surveys].

Objective: The study examines, if the increase in self-reported clinician diagnosed depression appears throughout the whole population and to what extent it can be explained by changes in the population structure over time.

Methods: Stratified trend analysis of survey data from 2009 and 2012, adjusted for population characteristics.

Results: 12-month-prevalence of self-reported clinician diagnosed depression rose from 6.

[Epidemic of depression? : Development of prevalence and help-seeking behaviour].

Background: While national health insurance companies in Germany have reported increasing frequencies of depression and growing costs since the first reports approximately 20 years ago, the prevalence from epidemiological field studies has remained stable in the general population. This study examined time trends in help-seeking behaviour for depression based on data from the German health monitoring programme at the Robert Koch Institute.

Methods: Data were obtained from the mental health module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1-MH, 2009-2012, 18-65 years, n = 3320) and the mental health supplement of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 (GHS-MHS, 1997-1999; 18-65 years, n = 4181).

Time trends in depression prevalence and health-related correlates: results from population-based surveys in Germany 1997-1999 vs. 2009-2012.

Background: Although an "epidemic" of depression is frequently claimed, empirical evidence is inconsistent, depending on country, study design and depression assessment. Little is known about changes in depression over time in Germany, although health insurance companies report frequency increases. Here we examined time trends in depression prevalence, severity and health-related correlates in the general population.

[Prevalences of Depression Among Adults: Comparative Analysis of a Nationwide Survey and Routine Data].

Aim: There are differences in the prevalence estimates of depressive disorders based on primary and secondary data. The reasons for this are, for instance, the use of divergent indicators and varying observation periods. This study examines the prevalence of depressive disorders using survey and routine data for a comparable survey period and age range.

Measurement invariance of the alcohol use disorders identification test: Establishing its factor structure in different settings and across gender.

Introduction: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is an internationally well-established screening tool for the assessment of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. To be valid for group comparisons, the AUDIT should measure the same latent construct with the same structure across groups. This is determined by measurement invariance.

Cognitive functioning in the general population: Factor structure and association with mental disorders-The neuropsychological test battery of the mental health module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1-MH).

The objective of this study is to obtain population level data about cognitive functions and their association with mental disorders. We here report factor analytic and psychometric findings of a neuropsychological test battery and examine the association of current and past mental disorders with cognitive function in a large nationwide population-based sample of 18- to 79-year-old adults in Germany (n = 3,667) participating in the mental health module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2008-2011. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed verbal memory and executive function factors.