Does Periodontitis Increase the Risk for Future Cardiovascular Events? Long-Term Follow-Up of the PAROKRANK Study.

Background And Aim: The study 'Periodontitis and Its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease' (PAROKRANK) reported an association between periodontitis (PD) and the first myocardial infarction (MI). This follow-up study aims to test the hypothesis that those with PD-compared to periodontally healthy individuals-are at increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events and death.

Methods: A total of 1587 participants (age <75 years; females 19%) had a dental examination including panoramic radiographs between 2010 and 2014.

Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies.

Background: It is unknown whether dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modifies the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with a family history of CVD. We assessed interactions between biomarkers of low PUFA intake and a family history in relation to long-term CVD risk in a large consortium.

Methods: Blood and tissue PUFA data from 40 885 CVD-free adults were assessed.

Blood Levels of Organochlorine Contaminants Mixtures and Cardiovascular Disease.

Importance: Cardiovascular toxic effects derived from high exposures to individual organochlorine compounds are well documented. However, there is no evidence on low but continuous exposure to combined organochlorine compounds in the general population.

Objective: To evaluate the association of combined exposure to several organochlorine compounds, including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.

Antibodies against malondialdehyde among 60-year-olds: prediction of cardiovascular disease.

Malondialdehyde (MDA) is generated in oxidized LDL. It forms covalent protein adducts, and is recognized by antibodies (anti-MDA). We previously studied IgM anti-MDA, and here we focus on IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 anti-MDA in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Cross-Sectional Gene-Smoking Interaction Analysis in Relation to Subclinical Atherosclerosis-Results From the IMPROVE Study.

Background: Smoking is associated with carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT). However, knowledge about how genetics may influence this association is limited. We aimed to perform nonhypothesis driven gene-smoking interaction analyses to identify potential genetic variants, among those included in immune and metabolic platforms, that may modify the effect of smoking on carotid intima-media thickness.

Causal analysis of plasma IL-8 on carotid intima media thickness, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Background: We investigated the causality of IL-8 on carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT), a measure of sub-clinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: The IMPROVE is a multicenter European study (n = 3,711). The association of plasma IL-8 with c-IMT (mm) was estimated by quantile regression.

Long-term prognosis after a first myocardial infarction: eight years follow up of the case-control study PAROKRANK.

To explore long-term cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients after a first myocardial infarction (MI) compared with matched controls in a contemporary setting. . During 2010-2014 the Swedish study PAROKRANK recruited 805 patients <75 years with a first MI and 805 age-, gender-, and area-matched controls.

Antibodies Against Phosphorylcholine Among 60-Year-Olds: Clinical Role and Simulated Interactions.

Aims: Antibodies against phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) are implicated as protection markers in atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other chronic inflammatory conditions. Mostly, these studies have been focused on IgM. In this study, we determined IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 anti-PC among 60-year-olds.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A Nested Case-Control Study in Sweden.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and persistent pollutants that have been associated with elevated cholesterol levels. However, data on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) is lacking.

Objectives: We investigated the association of exposure to PFAS with risk of myocardial infarction and stroke and, subsidiary, with baseline blood lipids.

Long-term risk of a major cardiovascular event by apoB, apoA-1, and the apoB/apoA-1 ratio-Experience from the Swedish AMORIS cohort: A cohort study.

Background: Elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) and elevated apoB/apoA-1 ratio increase the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, whereas high apoA-1 is protective. We study how these apolipoproteins are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), whether apoA-1 contributes to this association, and whether abnormal values occur decades before such events develop.

Methods And Findings: In the Swedish AMORIS (Apolipoprotein-related MOrtality RISk) cohort study, 137,100 men and women aged 25-84 years were followed an average 17.

Physical activity attenuates cardiovascular risk and mortality in men and women with and without the metabolic syndrome - a 20-year follow-up of a population-based cohort of 60-year-olds.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyse the association of leisure-time physical activity of different intensities at baseline, and cardiovascular disease incidence, cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality in a population-based sample of 60-year-old men and women with and without established metabolic syndrome, for more than 20 years of follow-up. A secondary aim was to study which cardiometabolic factors may mediate the association between physical activity and long-term outcomes.

Methods: A total of 3693 participants (53% women) underwent physical examination and laboratory tests, completed an extensive questionnaire at baseline 1997-1999 and were followed until their death or until 31 December 2017.

Biomarkers of dairy fat intake, incident cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: A cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

Background: We aimed to investigate the association of serum pentadecanoic acid (15:0), a biomarker of dairy fat intake, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a Swedish cohort study. We also systematically reviewed studies of the association of dairy fat biomarkers (circulating or adipose tissue levels of 15:0, heptadecanoic acid [17:0], and trans-palmitoleic acid [t16:1n-7]) with CVD outcomes or all-cause mortality.

Methods And Findings: We measured 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters at baseline in 4,150 Swedish adults (51% female, median age 60.

Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population.

Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.

Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study).

IL6 trans-signaling associates with ischemic stroke but not with atrial fibrillation.

Background: Pro-inflammatory processes underlie ischemic stroke, albeit it is largely unknown if they selectively associate with the risk of atherothrombotic or cardioembolic ischemic stroke. Here we analyze whether pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL) 6 trans-signaling, is associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: During a 20-year follow-up, 203 incident ischemic strokes were recorded from national registers in the cohort of 60-year-old men and women from Stockholm (n = 4232).

Intake of food rich in saturated fat in relation to subclinical atherosclerosis and potential modulating effects from single genetic variants.

The relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the possible influence of genetic variants, is poorly understood and investigated. We aimed to investigate this relationship, with a hypothesis that it would be positive, and to explore whether genetics may modulate it, using data from a European cohort including 3,407 participants aged 54-79 at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT), measured at baseline and after 30 months.

The overlap of genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia and cardiometabolic disease can be used to identify metabolically different groups of individuals.

Understanding why individuals with severe mental illness (Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder) have increased risk of cardiometabolic disease (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease), and identifying those at highest risk of cardiometabolic disease are important priority areas for researchers. For individuals with European ancestry we explored whether genetic variation could identify sub-groups with different metabolic profiles. Loci associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder from previous genome-wide association studies and loci that were also implicated in cardiometabolic processes and diseases were selected.

Expression of Interleukin 6 signaling receptors in carotid atherosclerosis.

Interleukin (IL) 6 contributes to atherosclerotic plaque development through IL6 membrane-bound (IL6R and gp130) and soluble (sIL6R and sgp130) receptors. We investigated IL6 receptor expression in carotid plaques and its correlation with circulating IL6 and soluble receptor levels. Plasma samples and carotid plaques were obtained from 78 patients in the Biobank of Karolinska Endarterectomies study.

Genetic Variants Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Do Not Associate with Measures of Sub-Clinical Atherosclerosis: Results from the IMPROVE Study.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD) share common metabolic pathways. We explored the association between three NAFLD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs738409, rs10401969, and rs1260326 with sub-clinical atherosclerosis estimated by the carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and the inter-adventitia common carotid artery diameter (ICCAD) in patients free from clinically overt NAFLD and CVD. The study population is the IMPROVE, a multicenter European study ( = 3711).

A Swedish primary healthcare prevention programme focusing on promotion of physical activity and a healthy lifestyle reduced cardiovascular events and mortality: 22-year follow-up of 5761 study participants and a reference group.

Objective: To evaluate long-term risk of first cardiovascular (CV) events, CV deaths and all-cause deaths in community-dwelling participants of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention programme delivered in a primary care setting.

Methods: Individuals who visited a primary healthcare service in Sollentuna (Sweden) and agreed to participate in the programme between 1988 and 1993 were followed. They had at least one CV risk factor but no prior myocardial infarction and received support to increase physical activity using the programme Physical Activity on Prescription and to adopt health-promoting behaviours including cooking classes, weight reduction, smoking cessation and stress management.