Anti-TNF therapy impairs both short- and long-term IgG responses after repeated vaccination.

Background: Recently, it has been questioned whether vaccination of patients with inflammatory (auto)immune diseases under anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment leads to impaired vaccine-induced immune responses and protection against breakthrough infections. However, the effects of TNF blockade on short- and long-term immune responses after repeated vaccination remain unclear. Vaccination studies have shown that initial short-term IgG antibodies (Abs) carry highly galactosylated and sialylated Fc glycans, whilst long-term IgG Abs have low levels of galactosylation and sialylation and are most likely generated by long-lived plasma cells (PCs) derived primarily from the germinal center (GC) response.

The pre-exposure SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell repertoire determines the quality of the immune response to vaccination.

SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination generates enormous host-response heterogeneity and an age-dependent loss of immune-response quality. How the pre-exposure T cell repertoire contributes to this heterogeneity is poorly understood. We combined analysis of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 T cells pre- and post-vaccination with longitudinal T cell receptor tracking.

The long term vaccine-induced anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response is impaired in quantity and quality under TNFα blockade.

The humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in patients with chronic inflammatory disease (CID) declines more rapidly with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibition. Furthermore, the efficacy of current vaccines against Omicron variants of concern (VOC) including BA.2 is limited.

Humoral protection to SARS-CoV2 declines faster in patients on TNF alpha blocking therapies.

Background: The persistence of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, partly due to the appearance of highly infectious variants, has made booster vaccinations necessary for vulnerable groups. Questions remain as to which cohorts require SARS-CoV2 boosters. However, there is a critical lack of data on the dynamics of vaccine responses in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (CID) undergoing immunosuppressive/disease modifying anti-rheumatic (DMARD) treatment.

Immunogenicity and safety of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions and immunosuppressive therapy in a monocentric cohort.

Introduction: In light of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, protecting vulnerable groups has become a high priority. Persons at risk of severe disease, for example, those receiving immunosuppressive therapies for chronic inflammatory cdiseases (CIDs), are prioritised for vaccination. However, data concerning generation of protective antibody titres in immunosuppressed patients are scarce.