Previous pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A nested case-control study in Sweden.

Objective: Pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are two common pregnancy complications that affect birth outcomes and are associated with a long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aims of this study were to investigate if the pre-eclampsia association with CVD is independent of GDM and modified by body mass index (BMI) or GDM.

Design: Case-control study.

Diet-Treated Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is an Underestimated Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study.

In Sweden, diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies have been managed as low risk. The aim was to evaluate the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among women with diet-treated GDM compared with the background population and with insulin-treated GDM. This is a population-based cohort study using national register data between 1998 and 2012, before new GDM management guidelines and diagnostic criteria in Sweden were introduced.

Characteristics of different risk factors and fasting plasma glucose for identifying GDM when using IADPSG criteria: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (SNBHW) recommended the new diagnostic criteria for GDM based upon Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study thresholds. Due to limited knowledge base, no recommendations were made on GDM screening. The aim of this study is to evaluate test characteristics of risk factors and fasting blood glucose as screening tests for diagnosing GDM using diagnostic thresholds based upon HAPO study 1.

Effects of an antenatal lifestyle intervention on offspring obesity - a 5-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Strategies to limit excessive maternal gestational weight gain could also have positive health effects for the offspring. This study informs us on the effect of an antenatal lifestyle intervention on offspring body mass index (BMI) trajectory until age five.

Material And Methods: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial aimed at reducing gestational weight gain, set in Ørebro, Sweden (Clinical Trials.

Effects on postpartum weight retention after antenatal lifestyle intervention - a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: High weight retention after pregnancy is related to an increased risk of future obesity. The objective was to evaluate whether an antenatal intervention, compared with standard care, could reduce postpartum weight retention (PPWR).

Material And Methods: Women with body mass index >19, age ≥18 years, knowledge of Swedish, and pregnancy ≤16 weeks' gestation were randomized.

Gestational diabetes: Glycaemic predictors for fetal macrosomia and maternal risk of future diabetes.

Aims: To investigate how glucose levels at diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) are associated with infant birth weight and long-term risk of manifest diabetes mellitus in the mother.

Methods: In a case control study GDM pregnancies (n=2085) were compared with non-GDM pregnancies matched for day of delivery and obstetric unit (n=3792). GDM was defined as capillary blood glucose (cB-glucose) ≥9.

Randomized controlled study in pregnancy on treatment of marked hyperglycemia that is short of overt diabetes.

Introduction: A randomized multicenter study was conducted in the Stockholm-Örebro areas in Sweden to evaluate how treatment aiming at normoglycemia affects fetal growth, pregnancy and neonatal outcome in pregnant women with severe hyperglycemia.

Material And Methods: Pregnant women with hyperglycemia defined as fasting capillary plasma glucose <7.0 mmol/L and a two-hour plasma glucose value ≥10.

Neonatal encephalopathy and the association to asphyxia in labor.

Objective: In cases with moderate and severe neonatal encephalopathy, we aimed to determine the proportion that was attributable to asphyxia during labor and to investigate the association between cardiotocographic (CTG) patterns and neonatal outcome.

Study Design: In a study population of 71,189 births from 2 Swedish university hospitals, 80 cases of neonatal encephalopathy were identified. Cases were categorized by admission CTG patterns (normal or abnormal) and by the presence of asphyxia (cord pH, <7.

Suboptimal care and metabolic acidemia is associated with neonatal encephalopathy but not with neonatal seizures alone: a population-based clinical audit.

Objective: To determine the incidence of moderate to severe neonatal encephalopathy (NE) and neonatal seizures without encephalopathy, and the association with metabolic acidemia. Secondly, to investigate the occurrence of suboptimal intrapartum care and its impact on neonatal outcome.

Design: Clinical audit.

Disproportionate body composition and neonatal outcome in offspring of mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: High birth weight is a risk factor for neonatal complications. It is not known if the risk differs with body proportionality. The primary aim of this study was to determine the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in relation to body proportionality in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants stratified by maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Acidemia at birth in the vigorous infant as a trigger incident to assess intrapartum care with regard to CTG patterns.

Objective: To evaluate if acidemia in vigorous infants is a useful variable in the assessment of intrapartum care with regard to cardiotocographic (CTG) patterns during the second stage.

Methods: Cases (n = 241) were infants with an umbilical artery pH < 7.05, controls (n = 482) were infants with pH ≥ 7.

Fetal monitoring with computerized ST analysis during labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Computerized ST analysis of fetal electrocardiography (ECG) combined with cardiotochography (CTG) has been introduced for intrapartum monitoring and is the prevailing method when ST analysis (STAN®) is used.

Objective: To assess the evidence that computerized ST analysis during labor reduces the incidence of fetal metabolic acidosis, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, cesarean section, instrumental vaginal delivery or the number of instances where fetal scalp blood sampling is used as compared with CTG only.

Methods: Search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and CRD databases.

Outcomes of gestational diabetes in Sweden depending on country of birth.

Objective: To analyze maternal and neonatal outcomes for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Sweden, depending on country of birth (Nordic vs. non-Nordic women).

Design: Population-based cohort study using the Swedish Medical Birth register.

From infancy to pregnancy: birth weight, body mass index, and the risk of gestational diabetes.

Obesity is a risk factor for gestational diabetes, whereas the role of the mother's birth weight is more uncertain. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of mothers' birth-weight-for-gestational-age and early pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) in relation to risk of gestational diabetes. Between 1973 and 2006, we identified a cohort of 323,083 women included in the Swedish Medical Birth Register both as infants and as mothers.

Pre-pregnancy body mass index and the risk of adverse outcome in type 1 diabetic pregnancies: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To assess the risk of perinatal complications in overweight and obese women with and without type 1 diabetes (T1DM).

Design: Prospective population-based cohort study.

Setting: This study was based on data from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry from 1998 to 2007.

Evaluation of the discrepancy between pH and lactate in combined fetal scalp blood sampling.

Objective: To evaluate the rate of discrepancy between pH and lactate values in fetal blood sampling (FBS). To evaluate differences in obstetric management in response to combined tests (pH and lactate) and single tests (pH or lactate).

Design: Descriptive study.

Birth size distribution in 3,705 infants born to mothers with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study.

Objective: To characterize birth size distribution in infants born to mothers with type 1 diabetes. In particular, the relationship between birth weight (BW) and length (BL) was studied because it may provide information on different causal pathways of fetal macrosomia commonly seen in diabetic pregnancies.

Research Design And Methods: This was a population-based cohort study of 3,705 infants of type 1 diabetic mothers (1,876 boys), with a gestational age of 28-43 weeks, born in Sweden between 1998 and 2007.

Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies: A large, population-based study.

Objective: To perform comparative analyses of obstetric and perinatal outcomes between type 1 diabetic pregnancies and the general obstetric population in Sweden between 1991 and 2003.

Research Design And Methods: This was a population-based study. Data were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry, covering >98% of all pregnancies in Sweden.

Acidemia at birth, related to obstetric characteristics and to oxytocin use, during the last two hours of labor.

Objective: Evaluate obstetric characteristics during the last two hours of labor in neonates born with acidemia.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Delivery units at two university hospitals in Sweden.

Contraceptive use and associated factors among Swedish high school students.

Objectives: To investigate self-reported sexual experiences, abortions, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), use of contraception and possible influencing factors on contraceptive use among Swedish high school students.

Methods: An anonymous classroom survey was distributed to a random sample (n = 924) of 18-year-old high school students in a medium-sized Swedish city. The response rate was 78% (n = 718).

Analysis of malpractice claims with a focus on oxytocin use in labour.

Background: The objective of this study was to analyse the motives behind disciplinary action in obstetric malpractice cases concerning delivery, and to evaluate the frequency of inappropriate oxytocin use in these cases.

Methods: An analysis of all malpractice claims resulting in disciplinary action against physicians and midwives during the period 1996-2003. Investigations and decisions made by the Board of Medical Responsibility were reviewed with special focus on the use of oxytocin.