Gravitational Metrological Triangle.

Motivated by the similarity of the mathematical structure of Einstein's general relativity in its weak field limit and of Maxwell's theory of electrodynamics it is shown that there are gravitational analogs of the Josephson effect and the quantum Hall effect. These effects can be combined to derive a gravitational analogue of the electric quantum metrological triangle. The gravitational quantum metrological triangle may have applications in metrology and could be used to investigate the relation of the Planck constant to fundamental particle masses.

Categorization of continuous covariates and complex regression models-friends or foes in intersectionality research.

Objectives: To reduce health inequities, it is important to identify intersections in characteristics of individuals subject to privilege or disadvantage. Different proposals for that have recently been published. One approach (1) considers models specified with first- and all second-order effects and another (2) the stratification based on multiple covariates; both categorize continuous covariates.

[Medical societies in Germany call for a ban on flavors in e-cigarettes - A Position Paper of the German Respiratory Society (DGP) in cooperation with other professional associations and organizations].

E-cigarettes are primarily used by teenagers and young adults. Flavors in e-cigarettes increase their attractiveness and encourage young people and adults to start using them. This exposes young people in particular to the risk of nicotine addiction and various toxic substances from the aerosol of e-cigarettes.

[Intended and unintended effects of e-cigarettes in clinical studies: a plea for (more) transparency].

E-cigarettes are used in clinical trials to facilitate smoking cessation. Due to the health risks associated with the use of e-cigarettes, the results of clinical trials should be fully reported, including continued exclusive use and dual use of tobacco and e-cigarettes. Nicotine cessation outcomes should be reported as the primary endpoint as well as the analysis of tobacco cessation alone.

E-Health intervention for subthreshold depression: Reach and two-year effects of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is evidence for e-Health interventions for full-blown depression. Little is known regarding commonly untreated subthreshold depression in primary care. This randomized controlled multi-centre trial assessed reach and two-year-effects of a proactive e-Health intervention (ActiLife) for patients with subthreshold depression.

Associations of accelerometer-based sedentary bouts with adiposity markers among German adults - results from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Long periods of uninterrupted sitting, i.e., sedentary bouts, and their relationship with adverse health outcomes have moved into focus of public health recommendations.

Correlation of Acceleration Curves in Gravitational Direction for Different Body Segments during High-Impact Jumping Exercises.

Osteoporosis is a common disease of old age. However, in many cases, it can be very well prevented and counteracted with physical activity, especially high-impact exercises. Wearables have the potential to provide data that can help with continuous monitoring of patients during therapy phases or preventive exercise programs in everyday life.

Association Between Cancer-Related Fatigue and Falls in Patients With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Results of a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey From the East German Study Group for Hematology and Oncology (OSHO #97).

Objective: This study retrospectively examined the association between cancer-related fatigue (CrF) and the number of falls during the last 12 months in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs).

Methods: A multicenter, 1-time anonymous survey was conducted using analog and digital questionnaires. Sex-stratified multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association between CrF and number of falls.

Preliminary results of the cross-sectional associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with coronary heart disease.

This is the first study to analyze the association of accelerometer-measured patterns of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. A total of 30 individuals (M = 69.5 years; 80% men) participated in this pre-post study that aimed to test a multi-behavioral intervention.

[Fit for Two - A Study of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity During Pregnancy].

Background: In the pilot study sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured in pregnant women using an accelerometer.

Methods: A total of 32 pregnant women were enrolled in the study; eleven of them were included in the first trimester. The defined wearing periods for the accelerometer in the first, second and third trimester were weeks 9-12, 23-26, and 36-39, respectively.

S3 Guideline "Smoking and Tobacco Dependence: Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment" - Short Version.

Introduction: In addition to the prevention of tobacco consumption, the establishment and assurance of high-quality treatment for harmful use and dependence on tobacco products remains an important health-related task in Germany. Regular updating of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF) S3 guideline "Smoking and Tobacco Dependence: Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment" (Tobacco Guideline) offers a sustainable and reputable source of knowledge on smoking cessation.

Methods: Under the auspices of the German Society for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics, and Neurology (DGPPN) and the German Society for Addiction Research and Addiction Therapy (DG-Sucht), the Tobacco Guideline was revised in 2019-2020 by 63 experts, who were involved in the development process of the text, in 11 working groups.

Behavioral Health Risk Factors and Motivation to Change among Cardiovascular General Hospital Patients Aged 50 to 79 Years.

Little is known about the (co-)occurrence of smoking, alcohol at-risk drinking, physical inactivity and overweight, and the motivation to change these behavioral health risk factors (HRFs) in older general hospital patients with cardiovascular disease. Between October and December 2016, all consecutively admitted patients aged 50 to 79 years were proactively recruited on 3 cardiology wards and asked to participate in a survey on HRFs and behavior change motivation. Of the eligible patients, 80.

Molecular diversity of diencephalic astrocytes reveals adult astrogenesis regulated by Smad4.

Astrocytes regulate brain-wide functions and also show region-specific differences, but little is known about how general and region-specific functions are aligned at the single-cell level. To explore this, we isolated adult mouse diencephalic astrocytes by ACSA-2-mediated magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). Single-cell RNA-seq revealed 7 gene expression clusters of astrocytes, with 4 forming a supercluster.

A low-threshold intervention to increase physical activity and reduce physical inactivity in a group of healthy elderly people in Germany: Results of the randomized controlled MOVING study.

Background: Lack of physical activity (PA) and a high level of physical inactivity (PI) are associated with a higher risk for mortality and responsible for several non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular disease. Higher age is associated with a decrease of PA and an increasing level of PI. Studies have shown that interventions in the elderly have the potential to increase the amount of PA and to decrease the level of PI.

Measurement Reactivity of Accelerometer-Based Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in 2 Assessment Periods.

Background: The purposes of this study were to examine accelerometer measurement reactivity (AMR) in sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and accelerometer wear time in 2 measurement periods and to quantify AMR as a human-related source of bias for the reproducibility of SB and PA estimates.

Methods: In total, 136 participants (65% women, mean age = 54.6 y) received 7-day accelerometry at the baseline and after 12 months.

The effect of a video-supported assessment to increase the accuracy of self-reported physical activity.

Self-reported physical activity differs from activity levels measured by device. We tested the effect of a video that visualizes the intensity levels of physical activity to increase the agreement between self-reported and accelerometer-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within a single-blinded, randomized study. Participants (N = 378, 40-75 years) wore an accelerometer for seven days.

Brief alcohol intervention at a municipal registry office: reach and retention.

Background: The aim was to investigate the suitability of a municipal registry office for alcohol screening and brief intervention. We analyzed whether trial participation and retention differ by alcohol- and health-related, demographic and socio-economic participant characteristics.

Methods: Over 3 months, all 18- to 64-year-old visitors of a registry office were systematically screened.

Levels of and determinants for physical activity and physical inactivity in a group of healthy elderly people in Germany: Baseline results of the MOVING-study.

Background: Low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of physical inactivity (PI) are associated with higher mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Higher age is associated with a decrease of PA, only 2.4-29% of ≥60 year-olds achieve the PA times recommended by WHO.

Do sociodemographic variables and cardiometabolic risk factors moderate the mere-measurement effect on physical activity and sedentary time?

Background: Participation in an assessment may change health behavior. This "mere-measurement effect" may be used for prevention purposes. However, little is known about whether individuals' characteristics moderate the effect.

Copattern of depression and alcohol use in medical care patients: cross-sectional study in Germany.

Objective: To predict depressive symptom severity and presence of major depression along the full alcohol use continuum.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Ambulatory practices and general hospitals from three sites in Germany.

Association between the use of free-of-charge intrauterine devices and a history of induced abortion: a retrospective study.

Background: To determine whether use of intrauterine device (IUD) is influenced by a history of induced abortion and the type of contraceptives used until costs are covered.

Methods: We analyzed data from 301 female residents in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, an economically challenged community. The women, aged between 20 and 35 years, were entitled to receive unemployment benefits, and had access to free-of-charge oral contraceptives, ring or IUD.

Do accelerometer-based physical activity patterns differentially affect cardiorespiratory fitness? A growth mixture modeling approach.

Findings on the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be distorted if patterns of accumulated MVPA over a week exist but are ignored. Our aim was to identify MVPA patterns and to associate them to CRF. Two hundred twenty-four 40-75-year-old adults wore accelerometers for 7 days.

Feasibility and Acceptability of an Intervention Providing Computer-Generated Tailored Feedback to Target Alcohol Consumption and Depressive Symptoms in Proactively Recruited Health Care Patients and Reactively Recruited Media Volunteers: Results of a Pilot Study.

Background: A pre-post pilot study was conducted to test the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of a fully automatized computer-based intervention targeting hazardous drinking and depressiveness in proactively recruited health care patients (HCPs). To address the importance of the sample selection when testing interventions, HCPs were compared to media recruited volunteers (MVs).

Method: In a multicenter screening program 2,773 HCPs were screened for hazardous drinking and depressive symptoms.

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity.

Physical activity (PA) assessment needs tools that are inexpensive and easy to administer. Common questionnaires inquire time spent in light, moderate, and vigorous PA. However, inaccuracies may occur due to individually different understanding of PA intensity levels.