Succinic Acid Production With -Influence of an Electric Potential on the Intercellular NADH/NAD Balance.

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) offer a sustainable method for chemical production, including the enhanced production of succinic acid. By combining fermentation with BES, it could be possible to achieve sustainable succinic acid production and CO fixation using . In literature, the potential application of BES is commonly associated with increased succinate yields, as it is expected to enhance the availability of NADH, thereby influencing the intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH/NAD) balance.

Short-term adaptation as a tool to improve bioethanol production using grass press-juice as fermentation medium.

Grass raw materials collected from grasslands cover more than 30% of Europe's agricultural area. They are considered very attractive for the production of different biochemicals and biofuels due to their high availability and renewability. In this study, a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was exploited for second-generation bioethanol production.

Simultaneous fermentation and enzymatic biocatalysis-a useful process option?

Biotransformation with enzymes and de novo syntheses with whole-cell biocatalysts each have specific advantages. These can be combined to achieve processes with optimal performance. A recent approach is to perform bioconversion processes and enzymatic catalysis simultaneously in one-pot.

Towards bioprocess engineering of cable bacteria: Establishment of a synthetic sediment.

Cable bacteria, characterized by their multicellular filamentous growth, are prevalent in both freshwater and marine sediments. They possess the unique ability to transport electrons over distances of centimeters. Coupled with their capacity to fix CO and their record-breaking conductivity for biological materials, these bacteria present promising prospects for bioprocess engineering, including potential electrochemical applications.

Optimizing Luminous Transmittance of a Three-Dimensional-Printed Fixed Bed Photobioreactor.

The development of innovative production processes and the optimization of photobioreactors play an important role in generating industrial competitive production technologies for phototrophic biofilms. With emerse photobioreactors a technology was introduced that allowed efficient surface attached cultivation of terrestrial cyanobacteria. However, the productivity of emerse photobioreactors depends on the available cultivation surface.

Municipal green waste as substrate for the microbial production of platform chemicals.

In Germany alone, more than 5·10 tons of municipal green waste is produced each year. So far, this material is not used in an economically worthwhile way. In this work, grass clippings and tree pruning as examples of municipal green waste were utilized as feedstock for the microbial production of platform chemicals.

Co-cultures from Plants and Cyanobacteria: A New Way for Production Systems in Agriculture and Bioprocess Engineering.

Due to the global increase in the world population, it is not possible to ensure a sufficient food supply without additional nitrogen input into the soil. About 30-50% of agricultural yields are due to the use of chemical fertilizers in modern times. However, overfertilization threatens biodiversity, such as nitrogen-loving, fast-growing species overgrow others.

Fucoidan's Molecular Targets: A Comprehensive Review of Its Unique and Multiple Targets Accounting for Promising Bioactivities Supported by In Silico Studies.

Fucoidan is a class of multifunctional polysaccharides derived from marine organisms. Its unique and diversified physicochemical and chemical properties have qualified them for potential and promising pharmacological uses in human diseases, including inflammation, tumors, immunity disorders, kidney diseases, and diabetes. Physicochemical and chemical properties are the main contributors to these bioactivities.

New insights into the influence of pre-culture on robust solvent production of C. acetobutylicum.

Clostridia are known for their solvent production, especially the production of butanol. Concerning the projected depletion of fossil fuels, this is of great interest. The cultivation of clostridia is known to be challenging, and it is difficult to achieve reproducible results and robust processes.

Beneficial applications of biofilms.

Many microorganisms live in the form of a biofilm. Although they are feared in the medical sector, biofilms that are composed of non-pathogenic organisms can be highly beneficial in many applications, including the production of bulk and fine chemicals. Biofilm systems are natural retentostats in which the biocatalysts can adapt and optimize their metabolism to different conditions over time.

Autotrophic Production of the Sesquiterpene α-Humulene with in a Controlled Bioreactor.

is a facultative chemolithotrophic organism that grows under both heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions. It is becoming increasingly important due to its ability to convert CO into industrially valuable chemicals. To translate the potential of into technical applications, it is necessary to optimize and scale up production processes.

Metabolism of natural and synthetic bioactive compounds in Cunninghamella fungi and their applications in drug discovery.

Investigation of xenobiotic metabolism is a key step for drug discovery. Since the in vivo investigations may be associated with harmful effects attributed to production of toxic metabolites, it is deemed necessary to predict their structure especially at the preliminary clinical studies. Furthermore, the application of microorganisms that are capable of metabolizing drugs mimic human metabolism and consequently may predict possible metabolites.

A new easy method for determination of surface adhesion of phototrophic biofilms.

Terrestrial cyanobacteria grow as phototrophic biofilms and offer a wide spectrum of interesting products. For cultivation of phototrophic biofilms different reactor concepts have been developed in the last years. One of the main influencing factors is the surface material and the adhesion strength of the chosen production strain.

A spectroscopic response factor-based toluidine blue assay towards a universal assay protocol for sulfated polysaccharides: Application to fucoidan content in crude extract.

Sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) have attracted a lot of interest because of their diverse pharmacological functions. Numerous scientific studies have shown that SPS exhibit better biological activity than those that are not sulfated, such as immunomodulatory, anti-viral, and antioxidant activities. A crucial step to a better understanding of the mechanism of action and health effects is the production of high purity SPS.

Methyl jasmonate elicitation effect on the metabolic profile of cambial meristematic cells culture derived from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in relation to antioxidant activity: Untargeted metabolomics study in a time-based approach.

The undifferentiated cambial meristematic cell (CMC) has been recognized as a value-added production platform for plant natural products in comparison to the dedifferentiated plant cell line (DDC). In a time-based approach at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, the present study aimed at investigating the phytochemical metabolome of methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-elicited CMC cultures derived from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), including primary and secondary metabolites analyzed using GC/TOF-MS post-silylation and RP-UPLC-C-FT-MS/MS, respectively, as well as the analysis of aroma composition using headspace SPME-GC-MS.

Fucoidan mitigates gastric ulcer injury through managing inflammation, oxidative stress, and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

This study aimed to elucidate the gastro-protective effect of fucoidan against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer mediated via NLRP3-induced pyroptosis as an underlying mechanism, not yet assessed in prior research. Forty-eight male Albino mice were divided into six groups: Group I (normal control), group II (Ulcer/ethanol control), group III (Omeprazole + ethanol), group IV (fucoidan 25 mg + ethanol), group V (fucoidan 50 mg + ethanol) and group VI (fucoidan only). Fucoidan was administered orally for seven consecutive days followed by ulcer induction by a single oral dose of ethanol.

Fucoidan in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Comprehensive Review for Smart Drug Delivery Systems.

Fucoidan is a heterogeneous group of polysaccharides isolated from marine organisms, including brown algae and marine invertebrates. The physicochemical characteristics and potential bioactivities of fucoidan have attracted substantial interest in pharmaceutical industries in the past few decades. These polysaccharides are characterized by possessing sulfate ester groups that impart negatively charged surfaces, low/high molecular weight, and water solubility.

Characterization and Cytotoxic Activity of Microwave-Assisted Extracted Crude Fucoidans from Different Brown Seaweeds.

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is recognized as a green method for extraction of natural products. The current research aimed to explore the MAE for fucoidans extraction from different brown seaweeds, including , , and . Following several solvent-extraction pre-treatment steps and MAE optimization, the algal biomasses were extracted in a ratio of 1:25 in 0.

Process Technologies of Cyanobacteria.

Although the handling and exploitation of cyanobacteria is associated with some challenges, these phototrophic bacteria offer great opportunities for innovative biotechnological processes. This chapter covers versatile aspects of working with cyanobacteria, starting with up-to-date in silico and in vitro screening methods for bioactive substances. Subsequently, common conservation techniques and vitality/viability estimation methods are compared and supplemented by own data regarding the non-invasive vitality evaluation via pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry.

Fermentative α-Humulene Production from Homogenized Grass Clippings as a Growth Medium.

Green waste, e.g., grass clippings, is currently insufficiently recycled and has untapped potential as a valuable resource.

Insight into Fucoidan-Based PEGylated PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Methyl Anthranilic Acid: In Vitro Evaluation and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Study.

A potential fucoidan-based PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) offering a proper delivery of -methyl anthranilic acid (MA, a model of hydrophobic anti-inflammatory drug) have been developed via the formation of fucoidan aqueous coating surrounding PEGylated PLGA NPs. The optimum formulation (FuP2) composed of fucoidan:m-PEG-PLGA (1:0.5 ) with particle size (365 ± 20.

Portuino-A Novel Portable Low-Cost Arduino-Based Photo- and Fluorimeter.

A novel portable low-cost Arduino-controlled photo- and fluorimeter for on-site measurements has been developed. The device uses LEDs as a light source and a phototransistor as a light sensor. The circuit is based on the discharge of a capacitor with the photocurrent from the phototransistor.

Sulfated Galactofucans: An Outstanding Class of Fucoidans with Promising Bioactivities.

Fucoidans encompass versatile and heterogeneous sulfated biopolysaccharides of marine origin, specifically brown algae and marine invertebrates. Their chemistry and bioactivities have been extensively investigated in the last few decades. The reported studies revealed diverse chemical skeletons in which l-fucose is the main sugar monomer.

Microbial electrosynthesis of methane and acetate-comparison of pure and mixed cultures.

The electrochemical process of microbial electrosynthesis (MES) is used to drive the metabolism of electroactive microorganisms for the production of valuable chemicals and fuels. MES combines the advantages of electrochemistry, engineering, and microbiology and offers alternative production processes based on renewable raw materials and regenerative energies. In addition to the reactor concept and electrode design, the biocatalysts used have a significant influence on the performance of MES.