Can generative artificial intelligence pass the orthopaedic board examination?

Background: Resident training programs in the US use the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE) developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) to assess the current knowledge of their residents and to identify the residents at risk of failing the Amerian Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) examination. Optimal strategies for OITE preparation are constantly being explored. There may be a role for Large Language Models (LLMs) in orthopaedic resident education.

The Effect of a Single Intravenous Corticosteroid Administration on Pain after Knee Arthroscopy: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Non-Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Knee arthroscopy is a standard surgical procedure that is nowadays widely performed as day-case surgery. The aim of the study was to observe the effect of a single dose of intravenous corticosteroid on pain after undergoing knee arthroscopy for non-bony procedures.

Methods: A prospective, double-blind study design was adopted.

The Effect of Subsidence on Segmental and Global Lordosis at Long-term Follow-up After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Objective: Subsidence following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) may lead to disruptions of cervical alignment and lordosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of subsidence on segmental, regional, and global lordosis.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study performed between 2016-2021 at a single institution.

Scoliosis Surgery: A Social Media Analysis of Content, Tone, and Perspective.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to analyze posts shared on social media sites, Twitter and Instagram, referencing scoliosis surgery for tone, content, and perspective of the posts.

Methods: Public Twitter and Instagram posts from November 2020 to April 2021 were isolated using the hashtag #ScoliosisSurgery or the words "scoliosis surgery." A total of 5,022 Instagram and 1,414 Twitter posts were collected, of which 500 of each were randomly selected to be analyzed by the authors for the variables previously listed.

Decompression Alone in the Setting of Adult Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis and Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.OBJECTIVESSurgical decompression alone for patients with neurogenic leg pain in the setting of degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and stenosis is commonly performed, however, there is no summary of evidence for outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search of English language medical literature databases was performed for studies describing outcomes of decompression alone in DLS, defined as Cobb angle >10˚, and 2-year minimum follow-up.

Can MRI knee joint measurements predict the population at risk of ACL injury?

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been increasing significantly over time. The relationship between the ACL injury and the knee joint structures is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the measurements of different structures in the knee joint are linked with ACL injury in affected patients.

Validation of the cultural adaptation of the Kujala score in Arabic.

Background: Patellofemoral pain is a common condition. The Kujala score is a well-established scoring system to assess anterior knee pain and has been translated into many languages including Arabic. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to culturally adapt the Arabic version of the Kujala score and determine its validity.

Impact of plastic surgery medical training on medical students' knowledge, attitudes, preferences, and perceived benefits: Comparative study.

Introduction: Misconceptions surrounding the discipline of plastic surgery are widespread among not only the public, but medical students and professionals, as well. The purpose of this study was to explore how the inclusion of plastic surgery rotation into the medical curriculum affects medical students' knowledge, attitudes and preferences regarding plastic surgery specialization and referral.   Design and Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized to collect data from 200 medical students in the final two years of education from two separate six-year medical programs in Jordan.

Prevalence and trends in urinary incontinence among women in the United States, 2005-2018.

Background: Women are disproportionately affected by urinary incontinence compared with men. Urinary incontinence results in physical and psychological adverse consequences and impaired quality of life and contributes to significant societal and economic burden. Previous studies reported high urinary incontinence burden in the United States.

Predictors of adherence with home quarantine during COVID-19 crisis: the case of health belief model.

Although Jordan has applied lockdown in response to COVID-19 pandemic, many people were not adherent to the quarantine. We aimed to examine the attitudes of the Jordanians and how these attitudes can predict their adherence using the health belief model (HBM). A cross-sectional study of 5057 participants using an internet-based questionnaire was conducted during lockdown.

Vitamin B Deficiency Among the Healthy Jordanian Adult Population: Diagnostic Levels, Symptomology and Risk Factors.

Background: Compared to the data available for developed countries, there is a marked scarcity of information on the levels and symptomology of vitamin B deficiency in developing countries, particularly in the Middle Eastern region.

Objective: To explore (a) the risk factors associated with a deficiency of vitamin B, and (b) the baseline (cut-off) serum level of vitamin B for a clinically-symptomatic deficiency in the Jordanian adult population.

Methods: A total of 485 subjects were included in this study.

The expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and its prognostic value after radical nephroureterectomy.

Background: To evaluate the expression pattern and prognostic role of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system in patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for nonmetastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Methods: A total of 732 patients who were treated with RNU for clinically nonmetastatic UTUC comprised our analytical cohort. Immunohistochemical staining of uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR) and uPA inhibitor (PAI-1) was performed using Murine IgG1 monoclonal antibodies.

Surgical Technique and Outcome of Custom Joint-Sparing Endoprosthesis as a Reconstructive Modality in Juxta-Articular Bone Sarcoma.

Background: Joint-sparing limb salvage surgery (JSLSS) is an advancement in the techniques and concepts of limb salvage surgery, which makes it possible to save not only the limb affected by malignancy but also the adjacent joint and the epiphyseal plate. In the growing child, this procedure is technically demanding due to the availability of small length of bone for implant purchase. Reconstruction options can be biological reconstruction or endoprosthesis; however, the outcome of endoprosthetic reconstruction after joint-sparing resection is not well described in the literature.

Determining the risk of acute kidney injury in patients who underwent total joint replacement: A retrospective study.

Objectives: Total joint replacement (TJR) is a commonly performed procedure worldwide, and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the complications that determine the overall prognosis in various surgical settings. We aimed to identify the risk of AKI after TJR (primary and revision) and determine the factors associated with postoperative AKI.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 1068 patients (>18 years) who underwent TJR between 2014 and 2019 at a tertiary medical center.

Total hip arthroplasty for Protrusio Acetabuli in a young adult Osteogenesis Imperfecta features and Marfanoid features: A case report.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta is an inherited disease characterized by easily-broken bones, which manifests as multiple fractures with minimal trauma, joint laxity, sclerosis, blue sclera, and several other manifestations. Protrusio acetabuli is defined as the displacement of the femoral head so that it lies medial to the ischioilial line. In a skeletally mature patient with both Marfan syndrome and PA, an eventual hip arthroplasty is the only method available for correction of the deformity.

Use of magnetic resonance imaging to determine laterality of meniscal size in healthy volunteers.

Introduction: The menisci are responsible for several functions. They are shock absorbers during dynamic loading on the knee and provide a broader surface area on which to distribute stress evenly to the tibia and femur. These functions allow for smoother movement and greater stability of the knee joint.

Shoulder girdle resection: surgical technique modification and introduction of a new classification system.

Objective: Different classification systems for surgical tumor resections in the proximal humerus and scapula have been described, but none are specific or have been recently revised. The purpose of this article is to report modified surgical techniques and a new classification system for resections in the humerus and scapula.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with shoulder girdle bone tumors were operated upon.

Prednisolone-induced virginal mammary hypertrophy: Case report.

Introduction: Virginal mammary hypertrophy (VMH) is a rare benign disorder of the breast characterized by excessive enlargement of one or both breasts. It usually presents during adolescence. Drug-induced VMH has been scarcely reported in case reports.

Attitudes and barriers towards using complementary and alternative medicine among university students in Jordan.

Background: Perceptions towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) are highly variable but are improving globally. However, studies conducted in Jordan about CAM are insufficient. This study aims to explore the attitudes and barriers towards using CAM among university students in Jordan.

Validation of the Arabic version of the Kujala patellofemoral pain scoring system.

Background: Patellofemoral knee pain is a common cause of anterior knee pain. The Kujala anterior knee pain score is a scoring system for the clinical assessment of disease severity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to validate an Arabic translation of the original Kujala anterior knee pain score to assess Arabic-speaking patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.