Publications by authors named "Ukita M"

Article Synopsis
  • Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) arises from benign endometriotic cysts and is characterized by poor treatment outcomes, particularly in advanced stages due to resistance to standard therapies and oxidative stress.
  • This study found that OCCC cells are resistant to ferroptosis (a type of cell death linked to iron and oxidative stress) even though they experience oxidative stress, indicating a unique survival mechanism.
  • The research suggests that activating the YAP1 protein, which is regulated by ZDHHC7, may enhance ferroptosis in OCCC cells, highlighting a potential new approach for treating this aggressive cancer.
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  • Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to chemotherapy, particularly carboplatin, are significant adverse events that can affect cancer drug therapy, prompting a study on desensitization methods.
  • The study included 136 patients with gynecological cancers undergoing carboplatin desensitization therapy between 2016 and 2020, tracking their treatment responses and HSR symptoms.
  • Findings revealed a 75% success rate for desensitization, with common symptoms like erythema and itching, while no deaths occurred during the study, indicating the need for awareness of potential HSRs.
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There is no consensus on the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after treatment of advanced corpus cancer. We report a case of advanced corpus cancer at a young age, in which HRT was initiated 7 years after surgery, and regional lymph node recurrence was later detected. The patient was 35 years old at the time of initial treatment in X year, when she was diagnosed with stageIIIC2 corpus cancer and underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and a retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.

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Para-ovarian cysts are occasionally encountered in clinical practice; however, malignant tumors derived from them are rare. Due to its rarity, the characteristic imaging findings of para-ovarian tumors with borderline malignancy (PTBM) are largely unknown. Herein, we report a case of PTBM, along with imaging findings.

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Locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma is a rare indication for surgery. In this report, we describe the case of a patient with presumed locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma who underwent surgical treatment and was postoperatively diagnosed with endometrial cancer with prominent squamous differentiation. A 41-year-old woman presented with squamous cell carcinoma that was detected via Pap smear and confirmed by histological diagnosis of cervical biopsy.

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  • * In a case study, an aggressive malignant transformation invaded nearby tissues and returned quickly even after surgery and chemotherapy.
  • * A genomic test revealed a high mutation burden, leading to successful treatment with nivolumab alone, lasting over a year.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a tremendous impact on people's lives throughout the world. A cross-sectional study was conducted to clarify the influence of COVID-19 on Japanese companion animal clinics. A self-administered electronic questionnaire regarding the incidence of COVID-19, hygiene management, the influence on clinical service and employment, and mental stress of staff was conducted for workers in animal clinics between 1 May and 10 June 2021.

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Purpose: Healthy lifestyle is related to quality of life (QOL) after cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, there are few reports on patients conscious of healthy lifestyle and patients requiring medical providers' attention regarding healthy lifestyle. We aimed to develop a healthy lifestyle consciousness index (HLCI) for cancer patients and evaluated its validity in gynecological cancer patients.

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  • * In high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), the presence of TLS was linked to specific gene expressions and improved patient survival, particularly where CD8+ T cells and B cells coexisted in the TME.
  • * The study found that the gene CXCL13, associated with TLS presence and T cell infiltration, plays a vital role in promoting an effective immune response against ovarian cancer, as shown in both human specimens and a mouse model.
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Serous carcinoma of the uterus (USC) is a pathological subtype of high-grade endometrial cancers, with no effective treatment for advanced cases. Since such refractory tumors frequently harbor antitumor immune tolerance, many immunotherapies have been investigated for various malignant tumors using immuno-competent animal models mimicking their local immunities. In this study, we established an orthotopic mouse model of high-grade endometrial cancer and evaluated the local tumor immunity to explore the efficacy of immunotherapies against USC.

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Background: The goal of this study is to assess the oncologic outcomes of elderly patients who underwent hysterectomy for endometrial cancer across three variables: hysterectomy approach, lymph node resection, and adjuvant therapy.

Methods: Hospital records of patients aged ≥ 70 years who underwent hysterectomy for endometrial cancer were obtained from 19 institutions. Patients were categorized into three risk groups: low, intermediate, and high.

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  • New therapeutic strategies are needed for treating high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) due to its diverse tumor microenvironment, as current PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may not be effective enough.
  • The study found that B7-H3 (CD276) is highly expressed in less immunoreactive HGSOC tumors and correlates negatively with immune response markers, suggesting its role in suppressing the immune system.
  • Research on mouse models showed that inhibiting B7-H3 reduced tumor growth by decreasing M2 macrophages and increasing specific T cells, indicating a potential target for improving treatment outcomes in HGSOC patients.
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  • - Immunotherapy is rapidly advancing, with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and B cells emerging as important players in the immune response, particularly in solid tumors, but their specific impact on endometrial cancer (EC) was previously unknown.
  • - A study at Kyoto University Hospital analyzed the tumor microenvironment in 104 EC patients from 2006-2011, finding that 77.9% had TLSs, which were made up of various immune cells like CD20 B cells and CD8 T cells.
  • - The presence of TLSs was linked to better progression-free survival (PFS), with greater numbers of CD20 B cells indicating a stronger immune response and positively correlating with patient outcomes.
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Brucellosis is endemic in Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted at 17 cattle farms in agro-pastoral areas in Tanzania to identify risk factors associated with the within-farm prevalence of bovine brucellosis and to quantitatively assess the infection dynamics through disease modelling. Cattle blood sampling and interviews with farmers using a structured questionnaire were conducted.

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Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary exhibits a unique morphology and clinically malignant behavior. The eosinophilic cytoplasm includes abundant glycogen. Although the growth is slow, the prognosis is poor owing to resistance to conventional chemotherapies.

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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in tumor development from initiation to metastasis. EMT could be regarded as a continuum, with intermediate hybrid epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes having high plasticity. Classical EMT is characterized by the phenotype change of epithelial cells to cells with mesenchymal properties, but EMT is also associated with multiple other molecular processes, including tumor immune evasion.

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  • The study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA of emus in Japan, focusing on their haplotype composition with 109 individuals sequenced in the D-loop region.
  • Researchers identified four substitution sites and three haplotypes (Hap-a, -b, and -c), with Hap-a being the most common among Japanese emus.
  • The findings revealed significant genetic differentiation among populations and suggest that these insights could help conserve genetic resources for the emu industry in Japan.
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Background: The mechanism of resistance development to anti-VEGF therapy in ovarian cancer is unclear. We focused on the changes in tumour immunity post anti-VEGF therapy.

Methods: The frequencies of immune cell populations and hypoxic conditions in the resistant murine tumours and clinical samples were examined.

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The morbidity of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) increases with age. Condylar articular cartilage degradation, which causes TMJOA, is known to be involved in articular chondrocyte metabolic imbalances in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and in other joints of the body. Epigenetic regulation, such as the chemical modification of DNA and histones, is implicated in cartilage homeostasis.

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Intratumoral heterogeneity of cancer cells remains largely unexplored. Here we investigated the composition of ovarian cancer and its biological relevance. A whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism array was applied to detect the clonal composition of 24 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of human ovarian cancer.

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The oxidation of guanine (G) to 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (GO) forms one of the major DNA lesions generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The GO can be corrected by GO DNA glycosylases (Ogg), enzymes involved in base excision repair (BER). Unrepaired GO induces mismatched base pairing with adenine (A); as a result, the mismatch causes a point mutation, from G paired with cytosine (C) to thymine (T) paired with adenine (A), during DNA replication.

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Objective: Although radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) are the global standards for adjuvant therapy treatment in cervical cancer, many Japanese institutions choose chemotherapy (CT) because of the low frequency of irreversible adverse events. In this study, we aimed to clarify the trends of adjuvant therapy for intermediate/high-risk cervical cancer after radical surgery in Japan.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted by the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group to 186 authorized institutions active in the treatment of gynecologic cancer.

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  • The study aimed to explore the clinical experiences of infertile patients with uterine fibroids and to tailor treatments based on individual characteristics.
  • A retrospective analysis involving 176 patients found that myomectomy significantly improved pregnancy outcomes, especially for those who didn't succeed with conservative treatments, while past pregnancy history and patient age were key factors in determining success.
  • The conclusion suggests considering myomectomy if conservative treatments are unsuccessful within a year, particularly prioritizing younger patients for the best outcomes with fertility treatments.*
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Sclerostin, a secreted protein encoded by the Sost gene, is produced by osteocytes and is inhibited by osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Recently, a functional association between bone and fat tissue has been suggested, and a correlation between circulating sclerostin levels and lipid metabolism has been reported in humans. However, the effects of sclerostin on adipogenesis remain unexplored.

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  • * Recent reports indicate an increase in disseminated NTM disease in immunocompetent patients, with a unique case of a 67-year-old woman presenting with a cervical mass mistaken for cancer.
  • * Diagnosis relied on detecting acid-fast bacilli in a biopsy, leading to treatment that resolved her condition, highlighting the importance of imaging and pathological confirmation in managing NTM infections.
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