The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on perceived diabetes care and regulation, with a focus on ethnic minorities: a mixed-methods study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting changes to diabetes care, especially concerning disease control, the use of (tele)consultation and lessons worth implementing to improve diabetes care, with a specific focus on ethnic minority groups.

Methods: A mixed-methods prospective cohort study among people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) treated in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was sent regionally, including items related to teleconsultation and amount of contact with the healthcare professional.

Development of the Social Network-Based Intervention "" Using Intervention Mapping.

This article describes the development of the social network-based intervention which aims to improve diabetes self-management (DSM) among patients with type 2 diabetes living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods by stimulating social support for DSM and diminishing social influences hindering DSM (e.g., peer pressure and social norms).

Recruitment and retention in a 10-month social network-based intervention promoting diabetes self-management in socioeconomically deprived patients: a qualitative process evaluation.

Objectives: Socioeconomically deprived patients with type 2 diabetes often face challenges with self-management, resulting in more diabetes-related complications. However, these groups are often under-represented in self-management interventions. Evidence on effective recruitment and retention strategies is growing, but lacking for intensive self-management interventions.

The impact of a social network based intervention on self-management behaviours among patients with type 2 diabetes living in socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods: a mixed methods approach.

Aims: This paper aims to explore the effect of the social network based intervention Powerful Together with Diabetes on diabetes self-management among socioeconomically deprived patients. This 10-month group intervention targeting patients and significant others aimed to improve self-management by stimulating social support and diminishing social influences that hinder self-management.

Methods: This intervention was evaluated in a quasi-experimental study using a mixed methods approach.

Impact of a social network-based intervention promoting diabetes self-management in socioeconomically deprived patients: a qualitative evaluation of the intervention strategies.

Objective: There is a need for effective interventions that improve diabetes self-management (DSM) among socioeconomically deprived patients with type 2 diabetes. The group-based intervention Powerful Together with Diabetes (PTWD) aimed to increase social support for DSM and decrease social influences hindering DSM (eg, peer pressure, social norms) in patients living in deprived neighbourhoods. Through a qualitative process evaluation, this paper aims to study whether this intervention changed social support and social influences, and which elements of the intervention contributed to this.

The DISC (Diabetes in Social Context) Study-evaluation of a culturally sensitive social network intervention for diabetic patients in lower socioeconomic groups: a study protocol.

Background: Compared to those in higher socioeconomic groups, diabetic patients in lower socioeconomic groups have less favourable metabolic control and experience more diabetes-related complications. They encounter specific barriers that hinder optimal diabetes self-management, including a lack of social support and other psychosocial mechanisms in their immediate social environments. Powerful Together with Diabetes is a culturally sensitive social network intervention specifically targeted to ethnic Dutch, Moroccan, Turkish, and Surinamese diabetic patients in lower socioeconomic groups.

Intensified preventive care to reduce cardiovascular risk in healthcare centres located in deprived neighbourhoods: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We examined the effectiveness of a structured collaboration in general practice between a practice nurse, a peer health educator, the general practitioner (GP) and a GP assistant in providing intensified preventive care for patients at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Design: A randomized controlled trial in three healthcare centres (18 GPs) in deprived neighbourhoods of two major Dutch cities.

Methods: Two hundred seventy-five high-risk patients (30-70 years) from various ethnic groups were randomized to intervention (n=137) or usual care group (n=138).

Process evaluation of an intensified preventive intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk in general practices in deprived neighbourhoods.

Background: A RCT, conducted to examine the effectiveness of a structured collaboration in general practice to provide intensified preventive care in patients at high cardiovascular risk yielded no effect in the total group but differences across healthcare centres and ethnic groups become apparent. We conducted a process evaluation to explain these differences.

Methods: We assessed the reach of the target group and whether key intervention components (individual educational sessions, structured team meetings, and risk assessments) were performed as planned (maximum score for protocol completion is 11).

No clear effect of diabetes education on glycaemic control for Turkish type 2 diabetes patients: a controlled experiment in general practice.

Background: In Turkish immigrant diabetics, problems with communication and cultural differences may hinder delivery of diabetes care.

Methods: In a prospective controlled study, the effect of an ethnic-specific diabetes education programme on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in Turkish type 2 diabetes patients was assessed, by comparing Turkish diabetics who were offered the education programme with Turkish diabetics offered routine care only (control group). From 16 general practices (31 GPs) in Rotterdam, 104 Turkish type 2 diabetes patients were recruited, 85 of whom could be assessed at one-year follow-up.

Diabetes education on Turkish immigrant diabetics: predictors of compliance.

A controlled experiment on the effect of ethnic specific diabetes education in Turkish type 2 diabetics revealed substantial problems with compliance. The cost effectiveness of such a programme would improve if patients most likely to dropout or overuse the education facility could be identified. The 45 patients of the intervention group were categorized into three groups: non-compliers, compliers and over-compliers, and we assessed the association between patient characteristics and these three groups.

Cardiovascular risk factors in Turkish immigrants with type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison with Dutch patients.

Background: Based on recent epidemiological studies the need for a similar approach towards management of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetics with different ethnic background can be questioned. We compared the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year absolute risk for a coronary heart disease between Turkish and Dutch type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using databases from three Dutch studies on type 2 diabetes, comparing 147 Turkish to 294 Dutch diabetes patients, matched for age and gender.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, other cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease in Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in North West Europe: a systematic review.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes, other cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality varies between immigrant groups in Western societies, but epidemiological data on these topics are scarce for Turks and Moroccan immigrant living in North West Europe.

Methods: Medline and Embase were systematically searched for studies containing data on the prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Turkish or Moroccan immigrants living in Northwestern European countries.

Results: Eighteen studies were identified.

Feasibility of diabetes peer education for Turkish type 2 diabetes patients in Dutch general practice.

The feasibility of a 9-month educational diabetes programme (tailored to Turkish patients, provided by Turkish bicultural female educators) was assessed in terms of dropout rate, patient and GP satisfaction, and GP's perceived workload. Of the 54 Turkish patients (39% males) that signed informed consent, 45 actually started the education. Dropout rate during the programme was 41% (main reason: going abroad for a long period (18%)).

Diabetes care in Dutch general practice: differences between Turkish immigrants and Dutch patients.

Aim: To compare the adherence to clinical guidelines by GPs as registered and glycaemic control in Turkish and Dutch type 2 diabetes patients.

Design: A retrospective cohort study. Search of general practice medical records for diabetes-related variables of Turkish and Dutch diabetes patients, stratified for age and gender.

The effect of cross-gender hormonal treatment on bone metabolism in male-to-female transsexuals.

A deficiency of sex hormones leads in both sexes to increased bone loss, and hormonal substitution can prevent this. The effect of the change of hormonal environment on bone metabolism in transsexuals is unknown. Transilial bone biopsies were obtained from 23 male-to-female transsexuals (mean age +/- SD, 38.

An analysis of bone structure in patients with hip fracture.

The prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with hip fracture is not well defined. We performed a histomorphometric analysis of bone structural parameters in transilial biopsies of 39 patients with hip fracture (21 cervical, 18 trochanteric), 23 patients with one or more vertebral crush fractures and 20 control subjects. Trabecular bone volume (TBV) and trabecular surface density (Sv) were significantly lower in trochanteric than in cervical fractures.