Impact of the Vaccination Against COVID-19 on Frontline Health Workers.

Introduction: Brazil has been facing the pandemic of COVID-19 since march 2020. More than 540,000 people have died from this disease in the country. Some estimates indicate that the population exposed to SARS-CoV-2 represents 1 to 20%.

Ganglionar tuberculosis infection evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after anti-programmed cell death 1 treatment for high-risk melanoma: a case report.

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a rare, potentially fatal syndrome of immune hyperactivation. Here we describe a ganglionar tuberculosis evolving to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following adjuvant immunotherapy in a melanoma patient.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old Caucasian male with melanoma started with fever, diffuse petechiae, splenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperferritinemia 2 months following completion of adjuvant treatment with nivolumab.

The effect of a rapid molecular blood test on the use of antibiotics for nosocomial sepsis: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Appropriate use of antimicrobials is essential to improve outcomes in sepsis. The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of a rapid molecular blood test-Septi (SF) reduces the antibiotic consumption through early de-escalation in patients with nosocomial sepsis compared with conventional blood cultures (BCs).

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, superiority, controlled trial conducted at Sao Paulo Heart Institute in the period October 2012-May 2016.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head in people living with HIV: anatomopathological description and p24 antigen test.

Objective: To examine the presence of HIV in bone tissue of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) with osteonecrosis of femoral head and describe clinical and anatomopathological findings.

Design: This is a case series which included 44 PLWHIV with osteonecrosis of femoral head who underwent total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: Clinical data were obtained through analysis of the patients' medical records.

One- and two-stage surgical revision of peri-prosthetic joint infection of the hip: a pooled individual participant data analysis of 44 cohort studies.

One-stage and two-stage revision strategies are the two main options for treating established chronic peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip; however, there is uncertainty regarding which is the best treatment option. We aimed to compare the risk of re-infection between the two revision strategies using pooled individual participant data (IPD). Observational cohort studies with PJI of the hip treated exclusively by one- or two-stage revision and reporting re-infection outcomes were retrieved by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform; as well as email contact with investigators.

Toxoplasma gondii Myocarditis after Adult Heart Transplantation: Successful Prophylaxis with Pyrimethamine.

Toxoplasma gondii primary infection/reactivation after solid organ transplantation is a serious complication, due to the high mortality rate following disseminated disease. We performed a retrospective study of all cases of T. gondii infections in 436 adult patients who had received an orthotopic cardiac transplant at our Institution from May 1968 to January 2011.

AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR CERAMIC-CERAMIC JOINT REPLACEMENT.

Objectives: To evaluate the initial functional results and early complication rate of ceramic-ceramic total hip replacements among patients living with HIV who presented osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Method: Twelve HIV-positive patients with a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the incongruent femoral head were evaluated using clinical and laboratory criteria and the WOMAC functional scale before and after treatment with joint replacement.

Results: We observed that 83.

Hepatitis delta in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Brazil: is it important?

Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected patients from São Paulo, in the Southeast Region of Brazil.

Methods: A total of 3259 HIV patients with serological markers for HBV were initially enrolled in the study. Among these patients, 154 (4.

Predictors of HBeAg status and hepatitis B viraemia in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B in the HAART era in Brazil.

Background: HBV-HIV co-infection is associated with an increased liver-related morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the natural history of chronic hepatitis B in HIV-infected individuals under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) receiving at least one of the two drugs that also affect HBV (TDF and LAM). Information about HBeAg status and HBV viremia in HIV/HBV co-infected patients is scarce.

Subacromial bursitis related to HIV infection: case report.

Objective: Describe a subacromial bursitis at the right shoulder of a 45-year-old male subject. The patient has been living with HIV/AIDS for 22 years.

Methods: The ultrasonography and the MRI revealed the presence of a pronounced subacromial effusion, with an inflammatory reaction of adjacent tissues.

Pathology of the swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) flu.

Pathological studies would aid in finding the real causes of death and in outlining adequate strategies for treatment regarding patients with poor clinical outcome of influenza A H1N1 swine flu. We describe the autopsy findings of six cases of influenza A H1N1 swine flu. The lungs in these cases had an alveolitis with hyaline membranes.

Barriers to treatment of hepatitis C in HIV/HCV coinfected adults in Brazil.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of barriers to interferon treatment in a population of HIV/HCV coinfected patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at two AIDS Outpatient Clinics in Brazil. The study included all HIV infected patients followed at these institutions from January 2005 to November 2007.

High frequency of lamivudine resistance mutations in Brazilian patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B.

This study analyzed the genotype distribution and frequency of lamivudine (LAM) and tenofovir (TDF) resistance mutations in a group of patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV). A cross-sectional study of 847 patients with HIV was conducted. Patients provided blood samples for HBsAg detection.

Mycobacterium chelonae valve endocarditis resulting from contaminated biological prostheses.

Objectives: A rapid-growing mycobacteria biological prosthetic valve (BPV) endocarditis related to prosthetic manufacturing process is described in Brazil.

Methods: From 1999 to 2008, thirty-nine patients underwent BPV replacement due to culture-negative suspected endocarditis. All these cases had histological sections stained by Ziehl-Neelsen method.

Epidemiology of human infection with the novel virus influenza A (H1N1) in the Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil--June-September 2009.

The pandemic novel influenza A (H1N1) infection was considered widespread in Brazil on July 16, 2009. Since then, 46,810 cases of acute respiratory syndrome have been reported in Brazil, most of them concentrated in São Paulo. Through September 16, we have confirmed 9,249 cases of novel influenza A H1N1in Brazil, including 699 deaths.

Guidelines on management of human infection with the novel virus influenza A (H1N1)--a report from the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo.

The pandemic novel influenza A (H1N1) infection was considered widespread in Brazil on July, 2009. Since then, 9.249 cases were confirmed in Brazil, most of them concentrated in São Paulo.

Epidemiological aspects of pleural tuberculosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil (1998-2005).

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of and trends regarding the incidence of pleural TB.

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of TB cases reported between 1998 and 2005 and compiled from the Epidemiological Surveillance Tuberculosis System (Epi-TB database).

Results: A total of 144,347 new cases of TB were reported during the period studied.

Acute renal failure and hypercalcemia in an athletic young man.

Hypercalcemia is a life-threatening disorder and is related primarily to neoplastic diseases and primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The association of hypercalcemia and renal failure is frequent in the medical literature, although pathogenetic mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this article, we present a case of hypercalcemia and acute renal failure secondary to vitamin D and vitamin A intoxication, after an over-the-counter intramuscular use by a young man starting an athletic performance program.

Practical use of a risk assessment model for complications after cardiac surgery.

Background: The identification of risk factors for postoperative complications in cardiac patients with surgical indication may influence the therapeutic decision.

Objective: To describe the experience of a Cardiology hospital in the validation and practical use of a preoperative risk score.

Methods: To validate TUMAN's score, chosen by considering morbidity and mortality, 300 adult patients were prospectively evaluated before elective cardiac surgery with the use of extracorporeal circulation (ECC).

Malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions: immunophenotypic cellular characterization.

Introduction And Objectives: Tuberculosis and cancer are the main causes of pleural effusion. Pleural involvement is associated with migration of immune cells to the pleural cavity. We sought to characterize the immunophenotype of leukocytes in the pleural effusion and peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis or malignancy.

One-stage revision of infected total hip arthroplasty with bone graft.

There are many different opinions in the literature regarding the best procedure for revision of infected hip arthroplasty and hence in achieving long-term stabilization of a new implant. Thirty-two patients with 32 loose and infected total hip arthroplasties underwent revision with a bone graft in a 1-stage procedure. The bone graft was used in the acetabulum and femur in 25 patients, in the acetabulum alone in 4 patients and in the femur alone in 3 patients.

Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii: experience at a cardiology hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii are recognized as causative agents of blood culture-negative endocarditis (BCNE) in humans and there are no studies of their occurrences in Brazil. The purpose of this study is to investigate Bartonella spp.