Flexible Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow Band Imaging for Diagnosing Uterine Cervical Neoplasms: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

We aimed to investigate the diagnostic ability of magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). This was a multicenter prospective study. Eligible patients had positive Pap smear results or follow-up high-grade cytology or CIN3 diagnosed in referring hospitals.

Quality Assessment of Endoscopic Forceps Biopsy Samples under Magnifying Narrow Band Imaging for Histological Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Feasibility Study.

The current standard for diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is colposcopy followed by punch biopsy. We have developed flexible magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) for the diagnosis of CIN. Here, we investigated the feasibility of targeted endoscopic forceps biopsy (E-Bx) under guidance of ME-NBI for the diagnosis of CIN.

Prediction of postnatal developmental disabilities using the antenatal fetal neurodevelopmental test: KANET assessment.

Objective To assess the usefulness of the antenatal fetal neurodevelopmental test for the prediction of postnatal developmental disabilities. Methods Fetal behavior was assessed with Kurjak's antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) using four-dimensional ultrasound between 28 and 38 weeks of gestation. A score range of 0-5 was characterized as abnormal, from 6 to 9 was considered borderline, and 10-16 was normal.

Flexible magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging for the diagnosis of uterine cervical tumors: A cooperative study among gastrointestinal endoscopists and gynecologists to explore a novel microvascular classification system.

Narrow band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME), which is useful for the assessment of micro-vessels, has excellent diagnostic potential for early gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasia. Conventional diagnostic tools for uterine cervical epithelial tumors are still unsatisfactory. An accurate diagnostic tool for uterine cervical epithelial tumors is required to preserve the reproductive ability of young women with uterine cervical tumors.

Is there a sex difference in fetal behavior? A comparison of the KANET test between male and female fetuses.

Aim: To evaluate the sex difference in fetal behavior between male and female fetuses.

Methods: Fetal behavior was assesed by Kurjak's antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound between 28 and 39 weeks of gestation. Fifty-nine male and 53 female fetuses in middle- and high-class nulliparaous Japanese women were studied.

Is yolk sac tumor related to the pathophysiology of low birthweight?

An 8-year-old Japanese girl was admitted with an ovarian yolk sac tumor. Regarding birth history, the patient had been delivered by cesarean section at 25 weeks of gestation with a birthweight of 711g. She had required neonatal intensive care including oxygenation, various medications, and tests.

Does ethnicity have an effect on fetal behavior? A comparison of Asian and Caucasian populations.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ethnic difference in fetal behavior between Asian and Caucasian populations.

Methods: Fetal behavior was assesed by Kurjak's antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound between 28 and 38 weeks of gestation. Eighty-nine Japanese (representative of Asians) and seventy-eight Croatian (representative of Caucasians) pregnant women were studied.

Four-dimensional color Doppler reconstruction of the fetal heart with glass-body rendering mode.

The investigators present their experience with normal fetal cardiac structures and congenital heart anomalies reconstructed using 4-dimensional color Doppler with glass-body rendering mode and spatiotemporal image correlation. Two normal fetuses and 6 fetuses with congenital heart anomalies (1 case each of ventricular septal defect, Ebstein's anomaly, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and ductus arteriosus aneurysm and 2 of double-outlet right ventricle) at 26 to 36 weeks' gestation were studied using 4-dimensional color Doppler with glass-body rendering mode. In normal fetal hearts, blood flow through the 4 cardiac chambers and crisscross arrangements of the pulmonary artery and aorta were clearly recognized.

4D ultrasound study of fetal facial expressions at 20-24 weeks of gestation.

Objective: To assess the frequency of fetal facial expressions at 20-24 weeks of gestation using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasonography and to determine whether there was any correlation between facial expression and gestational age (20-34 weeks).

Methods: The facial expressions of 23 healthy fetuses were examined using 4D ultrasound at 20-24 weeks. Each fetus was recorded continuously for 15 minutes.

HDlive imaging of the face of fetuses with autosomal trisomies.

Background: Our objective is to present our experience of facial dysmorphism reconstructed employing conventional three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and HDlive in fetuses with autosomal trisomies.

Methods: Seven fetuses with autosomal trisomies (one case of trisomy 13, three of trisomy 18, and three of trisomy 21) at 16-38 weeks' gestation were studied using 3D ultrasound and HDlive.

Results: In one case of trisomy 21 at 29 weeks and 5 days, upward slanting eyes, a flattened nose, low-set ears, and the corners of the mouth turned down were noted employing HDlive.

HDlive rendering image of adnexal tumors: preliminary report.

Background: Our objective is to present our first experience of adnexal tumors reconstructed employing the HDlive rendering mode.

Methods: Seven adnexal tumors (one case each of chocolate cyst, benign cystic teratoma, serous cystadenofibroma, and torsion of the hydrosalpinx, and three cases of ovarian cancer) were studied using the HDlive rendering mode.

Results: In the case of the chocolate cyst, the smooth inner wall with numerous tiny projections was clearly identified.

Four-dimensional HDlive rendering image of fetal facial expression: a pictorial essay.

Background: Our objective was to present our experience of fetal facial expressions reconstructed employing the four-dimensional (4D) HDlive rendering mode.

Methods: A total of 23 normal fetuses at 18-36 weeks' gestation were studied using the 4D HDlive rendering mode.

Results: The 4D HDlive rendering mode provided extraordinarily realistic features of the fetal face.

Antenatal three-dimensional sonographic diagnosis of persistent cloaca.

We present a case of fetal persistent cloaca diagnosed by two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) sonography and the HDlive rendering mode. 2D sonography revealed a bicornate uterus with hydrometra, bilateral hydrosalpinx, a single umbilical artery, and ascites. 3D sonography and the HDlive rendering mode clearly showed these intra-abdominal structures.

Three- and four-dimensional HDlive rendering image of fetal acrania/exencephaly in early pregnancy.

We present two cases of fetal acrania/exencephaly reconstructed employing the three- (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) HDlive rendering mode in early gestation. Two fetuses with acrania/exencephaly were studied with the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode at 13 and 15 weeks, respectively. In Case 1, at 13 weeks' gestation, deformed and degenerated brain tissues were clearly shown using the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode.

4D ultrasound evaluation of fetal facial expressions during the latter stages of the second trimester.

Objective: To assess the frequency of fetal facial expressions at 25-27 weeks of gestation using 4D ultrasound.

Methods: Twenty-four normal fetuses were examined using 4D ultrasound. The face of each fetus was recorded continuously for 15 minutes.

Three- and four-dimensional HDlive rendering images of normal and abnormal fetuses: pictorial essay.

Background: Our objective is to present our experience of normal embryonic development and fetal anatomy and fetal anomalies reconstructed employing the three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) HDlive rendering mode.

Methods: A total of 18 normal embryos and fetuses and 21 abnormal fetuses (one case each of thoracic meningocele, thickened nuchal translucency, multicystic dysplastic kidney, gastroschisis, omphalocele, and ovarian cyst, five of hydrops fetalis, three of skeletal abnormality, three of chromosome abnormality, two of cystic hygroma, and two of amniotic band syndrome) at 7-36 weeks' gestation were studied using the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode.

Results: In normal fetuses, marked embryonic development with advancing gestation was clearly shown in the first trimester of pregnancy, and various realistic facial expressions were noted in the second and third trimesters.

Three-dimensional volume-rendered imaging of normal and abnormal fetal fluid-filled structures using inversion mode.

A total of six normal and eight abnormal fetuses at 16-38 weeks of gestation were studied using transabdominal three-dimensional sonography with an inversion mode. In normal fetuses, the stomach, gallbladder and bladder could be depicted. In particular, peristalsis of the stomach was noted.