Correlation between Physician-Administered International Prostate Symptoms Score and Peak Urine Flow Rate in Assessment of Benign Prostatic Enlargement Patients.

Background: To determine the correlation between international prostate symptom score (IPSS) questionnaire, completed by benign prostatic enlargement patients with the aid of their physicians and the peak urine flow rate from uroflowmetry.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study carried out over a period of one year (which year and which period). IPSS questionnaire was administered, and uroflowmetry done for 76 consecutive patients from urology clinic of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) who consented to the study.

Prevalence of skeletal-related events in hormone-naive prostate cancer in a low resource setting.

Background: Presentation with symptoms of advanced prostate cancer is prevalent in developing societies. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of and factors associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) at presentation with hormone-naïve prostate cancer.

Methods: Records of 331 consecutive prostate cancer patients from January 2009 to April 2018 were reviewed.

Prostate cancer characteristics: A descriptive analysis of clinical features at presentation in the last decade in a black African community.

Background: Prostate cancer, previously reported as relatively rare in Nigeria, is currently the leading cancer and leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Late presentation appears to persist despite higher incidence rates and instituted awareness programs. This study assesses current prostate cancer indices at presentation to a 3 tier referral hospital in South-east Nigeria and compares these indices with reported indices from previous decades.

Chronic HIV infection and health related quality of life in resource poor settings-an assessment from South East Nigeria.

Background: Health-related quality of life reflects a patient's general subjective perception of the effect of an illness or intervention on physical, psychological and social aspects of daily life. HIV infection is a major public health problem especially in developing countries where poor health infrastructure and poverty are prevalent. This paper addresses the quality of life in patients with chronic HIV infection in South East Nigeria and addresses issues that may help improve the current situation.

Recall of consent information by day care prostate biopsy patients: An assessment of the role of a third-party check.

Background: To evaluate the extent of recall of consent information by daycare prostate biopsy patients in our low-literacy setting. And to evaluate the role of a 3rd party check on patient's recall of consent information.

Subjects And Methods: As part of our standard of care, a formal informed consent session for day care prostate biopsy takes place 3 days prior to the procedure.

Health-related quality of life in people with chronic diseases managed in a low-resource setting - A study from South East Nigeria.

Background: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in resource-limited settings is critical to evaluate and improve the burden of morbidity and mortality associated with chronic medical disorders. There is a dearth of data on HRQOL among patients suffering from chronic medical disorders in Nigeria. This study assessed the HRQOL of participants with diabetes mellitus (DM), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and cancer in a hospital setting with limited resources and highlighted associated factors.

The relationship between prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and body mass index and mid-abdominal circumference in men in a resource-poor community in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: There is paucity of information on the community-based prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men who are 40 years and older in the southeast region of Nigeria. This study seeks to determine the community-based prevalence of LUTS and the relationship between LUTS, and body mass index (BMI) and mid-abdominal circumference (MAC) in men.

Methods: An interviewer-administered, questionnaire-based survey.

Learning transurethral resection of the prostate: A comparison of the weight of resected specimen to the weight of enucleated specimen in open prostatectomy.

Background: Minimally invasive procedures in the surgical management of benign prostate enlargement (BPE) are of limited use in the resource-poor settings due to nonavailability of the requisite facilities and skills. It has been observed that teaching uroendoscopy inclusive of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can be challenging in the resource-poor settings where the traditional master-apprentice (Halstedian) approach has remained the prevalent training technique.

Patients And Methods: We aimed in this retrospective study to assess completeness of resection in TURP by comparing the proportion of prostate tissue resected to the proportion enucleated in open retropubic prostatectomy (ORP).

Informed consent for clinical treatment in low-income setting: evaluating the relationship between satisfying consent and extent of recall of consent information.

Background: Treatment informed consent aims to preserve the autonomy of patients in the clinician - patient relationship so as to ensure valid consent. An acceptable method of evaluating understanding of consent information is by assessing the extent of recall by patients of the pieces information believed to have been passed across. When concerns are not satisfactorily addressed from the patients' perspective, recall of consent information may be low.

Renal Angiomyolipoma in Pregnancy: Surgical Management with Fetal Preservation - Approach in a Developing Setting.

Renal angiomyolipomas (RAML) are uncommon benign renal tumours that are associated with a tendency to rupture resulting in sometimes-torrential retroperitoneal hemorrhage as the Wunderlich syndrome or as severe potentially exsanguinating hematuria. When hemorrhage from RAML occurs in pregnancy it presents a unique challenge requiring timely and appropriately adapted intervention with the goal of preventing fatality, preserving renal function as well as preventing fetal loss if possible. We report the management of severe bleeding from RAML in pregnancy and highlight the need to adopt a management strategy that suits the practice environment and offers the patient standard and enduring care.

Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination; Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Final Year Medical Students in Nigeria.

The testicular cancer (TCa) incidence is increasing in many countries, with age-standardized incidence rates up to 7.8/100,000 men in the Western world, although reductions in mortality and increasingly high cure rates are being witnessed at the same time. In Africa, where rates are lower, presentation is often late and morbidity and mortality high.

Predicting Gleason score using the initial serum total prostate-specific antigen in Black men with symptomatic prostate adenocarcinoma in Nigeria.

Background: Men of Black African descent are known to have the highest incidence of prostate cancer. The disease is also more aggressive in this group possibly due to biologically more aggressive tumor or late presentation. Currently, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay plays a significant role in making the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Prostate-specific antigen density values among patients with symptomatic prostatic enlargement in Nigeria.

Background: This study aims to estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting prostate cancer (CAP) in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings. We addressed this research question: Is the international PSAD cutoff of 0.15 ideal for detecting CAP in our symptomatic patients with "grey zone PSA?"

Aim: To estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting CAP in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings.

Acute and intermittent testicular torsion: Analysis of presentation, management, and outcome in South East, Nigeria.

Background: Testicular torsion compromises the blood supply to the testes and may result in testicular loss or damage if not dealt with promptly. It can occur either as acute testicular torsion (ATT) or intermittent testicular torsion (ITT). This study examines the presentation, management, and outcome of adult testicular torsion.

Ischemic priapism in South-East Nigeria: Presentation, management challenges, and aftermath issues.

Context: Ischemic priapism is the more common variety of priapism and often presents late. Outcome is largely dependent on the duration of ischemia.

Aims: To determine the etiology, presentation, management, and outcome of ischemic priapism.

Serum total prostate-specific antigen values in men with symptomatic prostate enlargement in Nigeria: role in clinical decision-making.

Background: Prostatic enlargement is a common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in men in Nigeria. Malignant enlargements must be differentiated from benign enlargements for adequate treatment of each patient. High serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) levels suggest malignancy, but some of the biopsies done due to a serum tPSA value >4 ng/mL would be negative for malignancy because of the low specificity of tPSA for prostate cancer.

Transvesical prostatectomy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a developing country.

Context: The surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is evolving away from open surgery. In developing countries however majority of cases are managed by transvesical prostatectomy (TP).

Aims: This study aims to describe our experience regarding the efficacy, complication profile and outcome of TP in the management of BPH in Nigeria.

Reducing the burden of regular indwelling urinary catheter changes in the catheter clinics: the opinion of patients and relatives on the practice of self-catheterization.

Background: Clean intermittent self-catheterization is accepted worldwide as a standard of care for patients with long-standing need for urinary bladder decompression. Evidence of its routine practice in our low-resource setting is lacking, leading to increasing number of patients with a long-standing indwelling urinary catheter.

Objective: To seek the opinion of patients already using indwelling catheters regarding the practice of self-catheterization.

Undergraduate surgery clerkship and the choice of surgery as a career: perspective from a developing country.

Background: There are concerns regarding a possible decline in the proportion of students choosing surgery as a career in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Published works indicate that most students choose their ultimate career during undergraduate training. The present study was undertaken to assess the medical student's perception of the surgery clerkship and determine its influence in the choice of surgery as a career.

Fournier's gangrene -- analysis of management and outcome in south-eastern Nigeria.

Background: Fournier's gangrene is a necrotising fasciitis of the genitalia and perineum, with associated polymicrobial infection and risk of organ failure or death. The purpose of this study was to determine the presentation, systemic and local predisposing factors, management challenges and outcome in south-eastern Nigeria.

Patients And Methods: We studied 28 out of 34 consecutive male patients with complete case notes seen in two centres (the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and St Mary's Hospital) between January 1995 and December 2008.

Phaeochromocytoma in a 20-year-old Nigerian, resolving the dilemma of benignity or malignancy.

Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors that present a diagnostic challenge in developing countries. They occur in the adrenal gland and as paragangliomas along the sympathetic chain. Clinical features are usually those of sustained or paroxysmal hypertension and complications thereof.

Paratesticular myxoid liposarcoma in a 23-year old Nigerian.

Paratesticular liposarcomas are rare tumors and are usually seen in patients in middle age or older. Optimal treatment is radical orchidectomy. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy is added for advanced disease or recurrences.