Coexistence of trifid and bifid median nerve in a patient with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common upper extremity neuropathy in the wrist that may be associated with anatomic variations of median nerve. Trifurcation of the median nerve has been very rarely reported in the literature. We report coexistence of bilateral median nerve variation in the wrist and its radiological features.

Reasons for using swelling ratio in sonographic diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome and a reliable method for its calculation.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) and determine a dependable swelling ratio (SR) calculation method.

Methods: Using ultrasonography, median nerve CSAs were measured at the tunnel inlet, midtunnel, and outlet, and at 4 cm and 12 cm proximal to the wrist. We used CSAmax as the largest of the tunnel measurements and calculated swelling ratios (SRs) by using the CSAmax.

Recurrent atretic parietal cephalocele in adult and radiological findings.

Atretic parietal cephaloceles are an extremely rare and occult form of congenital herniations that involve the meninges, remnants of glial cells or central nervous system structures. They are detected as subscalp lesions that are covered by skin. In the literature, atretic parietal cephaloceles have been reported in children in 59 cases and in two cases in adults.

Time-resolved MR angiography of the intracranial venous system: an alternative MR venography technique.

Objectives: To compare time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (TRICKS) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with two-dimensional time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance venography (MRV), and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced (CE) MRV in the visualisation of normal cerebral veins and dural venous sinuses.

Methods: This prospective study consisted of 35 consecutive patients. All patients were examined with TOF MRV, TRICKS MRA and CE MRV; a single dose of intravenous contrast material was administered for the last two sequences.

Assessment of dental caries risk in children based on color Doppler US and the changes in blood perfusion in the salivary glands during salivary stimulation.

Purpose: To investigate in otherwise healthy children the association between the caries index, the stimulated salivary flow rate (SFR), and the spectral Doppler findings of the changes in blood perfusion in the salivary glands during the secretion of saliva.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 38 children with a mean age of 9.47 ± 1.

Carotid stenosis evaluation by 64-slice CTA: comparison of NASCET, ECST and CC grading methods.

Purpose is to evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver variability of the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET), European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) and Common Carotid (CC) methods, which are used to measure the degree of ICA stenosis, using 64-slice CT angiography and to compare the measurements made by these three methods. 88 cases (111 carotid arteries) were included in the study. Carotid CTA was performed by a 64 slice scanner (Toshiba, Aqullion 64).

Developmental dysplasia in male infants: risk factors, instability and ultrasound screening.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between risk factors and presence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in male infants, and to compare the efficiency of different ultrasound (US) screening protocols.

Materials And Methods: 1321 male infants were included in the study. Ultrasound examinations were performed by combining Graf's static method and Harcke's dynamic method.

Follow-up sonographic results for Graf type 2A hips: association with risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip and instability.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association of sonographic worsening in type 2a hips with risk factors of developmental dysplasia of the hip, stability of the hip, and initial sonographic findings.

Methods: Among infants who were referred for hip sonography between 2007 and 2009, 3450 were included in this study. Sonographic examinations were performed by combining the static Graf technique and the dynamic Harcke technique.

Diagnosis and follow-up in constipated children: should we use ultrasound?

Purpose: We investigated the efficacy of ultrasound in determining megarectum and fecal load and the response to treatment in constipation and tried to specify objective criteria in this study.

Methods: A total of 66 cases were queried and divided into 2 groups as constipated (n = 35; mean age, 6.8 ± 2.

Prevalence and extent of coronary artery disease determined by 64-slice CTA in patients with zero coronary calcium score.

The purpose of the study was to assess the presence and extent of atherosclerosis determined by 64-slice CTA in patients with 0 coronary calcium score (CACS) and to evaluate the affect of demographic features and risk factors on the atheroma burden of these patients. 883 cases (378 (42.8%) male, 505 (57.

Can renal dimensions and the main renal artery diameter indicate the presence of an accessory renal artery? A 64-slice CT study.

Purpose: To evaluate whether renal dimensions and the main renal artery (mRA) diameter can provide indirect evidence of the presence or absence of accessory renal arteries (aRA).

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 167 patients (83 women, 84 men; mean age, 52.4±13.

The stylohyoid chain: CT imaging.

We aimed in this report to discuss the embryology, anatomy, theories of ossification and symptoms, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the stylohyoid chain (SHC) variations, together with the role of radiographs, computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D)-CT in showing these variations. Because CT/3D-CT additionally facilitates visualization of the entire SHC with different axes, it is the most valuable method for establishing the relationship between the SHC and the surrounding tissue. SHC variation can be discovered during CT performed for indications other than ossified SHC.

Optimisation of contrast medium volume and injection-related factors in CT pulmonary angiography: 64-slice CT study.

Objective: To compare the image quality of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) obtained with the injection of various low doses of contrast medium (CM) with different injection-related factors.

Methods: A total of 90 patients (42 females, 48 males; 54.3 +/- 18.

Assessment of vascularity with color Doppler ultrasound in gynecomastia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the presence and type of vascularity with color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) in gynecomastia, to describe gray-scale ultrasound (US) and CDUS features in different stages of gynecomastia, and to compare these findings with the characteristic US appearances of Tanner stages.

Materials And Methods: A total of 108 breasts of 54 males aged 11-27 years with complaint of gynecomastia and US verification of gynecomastia were evaluated. Each breast was then classified according to Tanner stages.

Sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multislice computed tomography of the chest.

Introduction: One of the most important data that can be obtained from bones is sex determination for which the recommended method is taking metric measurements. Metric measurements can be performed directly on dried bones obtained from the cadaver or indirectly from their radiographs.

Aim: We assessed the accuracy of sex determination and the applicability of previously defined rules using the sternum and 4th rib measurement data from chest multislice computed tomography (MSCT) imaging of 340 patients and developed a model/formula that would provide the best way to determine sex.

Anatomic variations and anomalies of the coronary arteries: 64-slice CT angiographic appearance.

Purpose: To retrospectively review the 64-slice computed tomography (CT) appearance of coronary artery anatomic variants and anomalies and determine their incidence in 700 patients.

Materials And Methods: CT data of 700 patients who underwent 64-slice CT angiography (CTA) because of known or suspected coronary artery disease were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists experienced in cardiovascular radiology. In each study, anatomic variants and anomalies were investigated.

Comparison of morphologic and dynamic US methods in examination of the newborn hip.

Purpose: Comparison of morphologic and dynamic methods of hip ultrasonography (US) to differentiate normal from abnormal findings in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Materials And Methods: A total of 6,800 hips in 3,400 infants were examined with US, using the morphological method of Graf, and the dynamic method of Harcke.

Results: According to the Graf classification 81.

Proliferative myositis presenting with a checkerboard-like pattern on CT.

Proliferative myositis is a rare pseudosarcomatous inflammatory process. Radiological diagnosis of self-limiting proliferative myositis helps direct appropriate clinical management and avoiding unnecessary surgical excision. We present the ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a case of proliferative myositis.

The effects of copper contraceptive intrauterine device on the uterine blood flow: A prospective transvaginal Doppler study.

Purpose: To evaluate the hemodynamic changes by transvaginal color Doppler sonography (CDS) in the uterine vascular bed after the insertion of a contraceptive intrauterine device (CIUD) and to investigate whether those CDS findings could predict potential side effects, such as dysmenorrhea and abnormal bleeding.

Method: Pulsatility index (PI), resistance index, and systole/diastole ratio (S/D) were measured in the uterine artery and its myometrial branches on 28 patients before and after the insertion of copper IUD, and a correlation with dysmenorrhea and abnormal bleeding was investigated.

Result: PI and S/D values in the uterine artery increased significantly after the insertion of the CIUD (p < 0.

Bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia and multiple posterior circulation aneurysms. Importance of 3DCTA for the diagnosis.

We present a case with bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia and multiple posterior circulation aneurysms who was diagnosed following a subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patient was admitted to our clinic with a history of sudden and severe headache with short-term loss of consciousness and being unable to open the right eyelid five days ago. Nuchal rigidity and right partial ophthalmoplegia were found during the examination.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of hand and foot tendons in Behçet's disease.

Background: There have been few studies in the literature evaluating the effect of Behçet's disease (BD) on tendons. Thus, we planned to search for the involvement of hand and foot tendons in BD by using ultrasonography and to determine the relation of tendon involvement with clinical measurements.

Methods: The study consisted of 33 randomly selected BD patients and 36 voluntary healthy controls matched by age and body mass index.

Does the presence of a mesh have an effect on the testicular blood flow after surgical repair of indirect inguinal hernia?

Purpose: Modern treatment of inguinal hernias includes prosthetic mesh repairs. However, direct contact of the mesh to the vessels in the inguinal canal and perimesh fibrosis may have a negative impact on testicular flow. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the effect of mesh implantation/perimesh fibrosis on testicular flow after repair of indirect inguinal hernias (IIHs).

Age-related changes in the incidence of pineal gland calcification in Turkey: A prospective multicenter CT study.

The goal of this cross-sectional observational study was to determine the incidence of pineal gland calcification (PGC), to investigate the interaction of PGC and aging, and to compare the incidence of PGC among the populations living in Turkey. In a prospective study the rate of PGC on CT scans of 1376 individuals in six referral centers from different regions of Turkey was investigated, with emphasis on effects of climatological parameters and aging on PGC. It was found that the incidence of PGC increased rapidly after first decade and the increase remains gradual thereafter, higher in males than in females for all age groups.

Pineal gland calcification, lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and abdominal aorta calcifying atherosclerosis correlate in low back pain subjects: A cross-sectional observational CT study.

The goal of this cross-sectional observational study was to assess the possible impact of pineal gland calcification upon the intervertebral disc degeneration and abdominal aorta atherosclerosis in subjects with low back pain, and to investigate the course of these processes with aging. The study was carried out on 81 (66 women and 15 men) subjects: younger than 45 years (group X, n=22), 45-65 years of age (group Y, n=45), and older than 65 years (group Z, n=14). In addition to clinical data, computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain as well as X-ray and CT examination of the lumbar spine were recorded in this study.