5-Fluoro/(trifluoromethoxy)-2-indolinone derivatives with anti-interleukin-1 activity.

The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) drives the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have revealed that 2-indolinones can modulate cytokine responses. Therefore, we screened several 2-indolinone derivatives in preliminary studies to develop agents with anti-IL-1 activity.