Role of Parameters in Whole Blood Analysis as in Indicator of Systemic Inflammation in Children with Rheumatic Valve Diseases.

Purpose: The most important cause of mortality and morbidity in acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is carditis and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The aim of this study was to identify markers that may be indicators of chronic inflammation in whole blood analyses in pediatric patients with RHD who regularly received secondary deposilin prophylaxis.

Methods: In our study, 100 children with ARF aged between 4 and 18 years were followed up in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of the patient group.

Short-term azithromycin use is associated with QTc interval prolongation in children with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Azithromycin is used for children with cystic fibrosis (CF) for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action. This study investigated the short-term alterations in QTc interval associated with azithromycin prophylaxis in pediatric patients with CF.

Methods: This study included 121 patients with mild CF, of whom 76 received azithromycin (patient group) and 45 did not receive azithromycin (control group).

Evaluation of diagnostic components and management of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective study from Istanbul, Turkey.

Introduction: The diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis is difficult and most of the patients are diagnosed clinically. The objective of this study is to reveal the diagnostic and therapeutic components of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis and to analyze the changes that occurred in our country over the years.

Methodology: All patients diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2006 and 2016 were included.

The success of the Cystic Fibrosis Registry of Turkey for improvement of patient care.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) registries play an essential role in improving disease outcomes of people with CF. This study aimed to evaluate the association of newly established CF registry system in Turkey on follow-up, clinical, growth, treatment, and complications of people with this disease.

Methods: Age at diagnosis, current age, sex, z-scores of weight, height and body mass index (BMI), neonatal screening results, pulmonary function tests, history of meconium ileus, medications, presence of microorganisms, and follow-up were evaluated and compared to data of people with CF represented in both 2017 and 2019 registry data.

Assessment of Right Heart Functions in Children with Mild Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic disease that prevalently involves the lungs. Hypoxemia occurs due to the existing of progressive damage to the pulmonary parenchyma and pulmonary vessels. The condition may cause systolic and diastolic dysfunction to the right ventricle due to the effects of high pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).

A Snapshot of Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 in a Pandemic Hospital.

Aim: Reports describing coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in children are fewer than adult studies due to milder clinical picture. We aimed to share our experience at a single center with an emphasis on collective decision making.

Materials And Methods: A suspected case was defined as the presence of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and/or positive contact history.

Short-term efficacy of ORS formulation and propranolol regimen in children with POTS.

Background: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of reduced-osmolarity oral rehydration salt formulation (ORS) and propranolol in children diagnosed with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in head-up tilt testing (HUTT).

Methods: Children were admitted with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (OI) occurring in a standing position and disappearing in the supine position. Patients with heart rate increments of ≥40bpm and symptoms of OI constituted the pediatric POTS group in HUTT.

Evaluation of autonomic nervous system function in children with overactive bladder syndrome.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the autonomic nervous system activity in children with overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome.

Methods: Included in the study were 40 children with overactive bladder and 28 healthy controls. Autonomic tests were performed on all participants, including heart rate interval variation (RRIV), heart rate response to valsalva maneuver, and sympathetic skin response (SSR).

Evaluation of 563 children with chronic cough accompanied by a new clinical algorithm.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the children with chronic cough and to analyze their etiological factors according to the age groups.

Method: Five hundred sixty-three children with chronic cough were included. The last diagnosis were established and were also emphasized according to the age groups.

A remarkable age-related increase in SIRT1 protein expression against oxidative stress in elderly: SIRT1 gene variants and longevity in human.

Aging is defined as the accumulation of progressive organ dysfunction. Controlling the rate of aging by clarifying the complex pathways has a significant clinical importance. Nowadays, sirtuins have become famous molecules for slowing aging and decreasing age-related disorders.

SIRT1 gene variants are related to risk of childhood obesity.

Unlabelled: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the interaction between genetic, psychological, physical, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. SIRT1 gene has important effects on the regulation of adiponectin, caloric restriction, insulin sensitivity, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood obesity and SIRT1 gene polymorphisms regarding rs7895833 A > G in the promoter region, rs7069102 C > G in intron 4, and rs2273773 C > T in exon 5 using PCR-CTPP method in 120 obese and 120 normal weight children.

Extraordinary cause of complete colonic obstruction in children: urinary retention.

Complete colonic obstruction in children may occur secondary to congenital, and acquired factors related to the gastrointestinal system. Herein, we report an extraordinary presentation of complete colonic obstruction due to extensive urinary retention in a 3-year-old boy. The possible underlying mechanism was detected as urinary infection in a child with horseshoe kidney.

A pediatric case of factitious disorder with unexplained bleeding symptoms.

Factitious disorder is characterized by deliberate production or imitation of physical or psychological symptoms in order to adopt the sick role. The disorder can be seen as factitious bleeding. Factitious bleeding is a rare disorder in pediatric population.

Melatonin attenuates phenytoin sodium-induced DNA damage.

Phenytoin sodium (PHT Na(+)) is a potent antiepileptic drug against epileptic seizures and is used as a prophylactic treatment in traumatic brain injury. PHT Na(+) leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and DNA is a crucial molecular target of ROS-initiated toxicity. Melatonin and its metabolites possess free-radical-scavenging activity.

Skin temperature measurement using an infrared thermometer on patients who have been exposed to cold.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if the skin temperature of febrile children is affected by the child's exposure to cold outdoor temperatures immediately prior to the taking of that temperature.

Methods: A total of 150 febrile and non-febrile children (aged 3-10 years) who had walked to the hospital's pediatric emergency department and were thus exposed to outside cold weather were enrolled in the study. Using infrared thermometry, forehead and chest skin temperatures were simultaneously measured every 2 min during the first 14 min after presentation.

Oxidative and antioxidative status of children with acute bronchiolitis.

Objective: Oxidative stress has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic lung inflammatory diseases. This article aimed to evaluate the oxidant/antioxidant status of children with acute bronchiolitis through the measurement of plasma total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index.

Methods: Children with acute bronchiolitis admitted to the pediatric emergency department of a university hospital between January and April of 2012 were compared with age-matched healthy controls.

Pupillometric assessment of autonomic nervous system in children with allergic rhinitis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate autonomic nervous system dysfunction by measuring pupil sizes in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis.

Subjects And Methods: The study group consisted of 60 children (28 girls and 32 boys) who were age and gender matched with the control group, which also consisted of 60 children (26 girls and 34 boys). The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis was based on the history, physical examination and skin prick test performed by an allergologist.

Plasma paraoxonase activity and oxidative stress and their relationship to disease severity in children with allergic rhinitis.

Background: Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of several diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR). In children with AR an antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON1) has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate plasma PON1 activity and plasma total oxidant status (TOS), which are in the form of plasma reactive oxidants, and their association with severity of disease in house-mite-sensitive children with AR.

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction and their relationship with disease severity in children with atopic asthma.

The involvement of autonomic imbalance has been reported in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the clinical severity of childhood asthma with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and to define whether the severity of asthma correlates with ANS activity. In this case-control study, we evaluated the ANS activity by testing heart rate variability (HRV) and sympathetic skin response (SRR) in 77 asthmatic children, age 7-12 yrs, who had no co-morbidity and compared them with 40 gender- and age-matched control subjects.

The comparition of the efficacy of two different probiotics in rotavirus gastroenteritis in children.

Objectives. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of the probiotics-Saccharomyces boulardii and Bifidobacterium lactis-in children who had been diagnosed with rotavirus gastroenteritis. Materials and methods.

Osteocalcin, cortisol levels, and bone mineral density in prepubertal children with asthma treated with long-term fluticasone propionate.

Aims: The objective of this study is to determine the effects of the long-term treatment with inhaled fluticasone propionate on osteocalcin, cortisol levels, and bone mineral status in children with asthma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 230 prepubertal children with asthma (aged 6–11) who had intermittently used inhaled fluticasone propionate for at least 5 years at a mean daily dose of 200 μg (range: 200-350 μg). Serum osteocalcin, cortisol, and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine were obtained from each participant.

Autonomic dysfunction and clinical severity of disease in children with allergic rhinitis.

Objectives: The involvement of autonomic imbalance has been reported in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases.

Purpose: To investigate the association between the clinical severity of childhood allergic rhinitis and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, to define whether the severity of disease correlates with ANS activity.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, case-control study, we evaluated the ANS testing by measuring sympathetic skin response (SRR) and heart rate (R-R) interval variation (RRIV) in 55 children with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), aged 7-12 yrs without any chronic co-morbidity, and the results were compared with 40 sex- and age-matched control subjects.