[A Case of Intestinal Metastasis of Testicular Choriocarcinoma Revealed Through Gastrointestinal Bleeding].

A 26-year-old male presented to a hospital with complaints of hemoptysis and right scrotal swelling. Computed tomography (CT) revealed right testicular swelling, multiple lung metastases, and small intestinal wall thickening. The patient's β-human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin levels were 103.

Evaluation of the preventive effect of sublingual immunotherapy for pediatric bronchial asthma.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in preventing the exacerbation of asthma.

Methods: This retrospective study investigated the changes in the rate of continuous steroid inhalation introduced over three years due to SLIT in 328 patients aged 5-15 years who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019. These patients were not initially prescribed with continuous steroid inhalation.

Senescence-Associated T cells in Immunosenescence and Diseases.

Age-related changes in the immune system, referred to as immunosenescence, appear to evolve with rather paradoxical manifestations, a diminished adaptive immune capacity, and an increased propensity for chronic inflammation often with autoimmunity, which may underlie the development of diverse disorders with age. Immunosenescent phenotypes are associated with the emergence of unique lymphocyte subpopulations of both T and B lineages. We report that a CD153+ PD-1+ CD4+ T-cell subpopulation with severely attenuated T-cell receptor (TCR)-responsiveness, termed senescence-associated T (SAT) cells, co-evolve with potentially autoreactive CD30+ B cells, such as spontaneous germinal center B cells and age-associated B cells, in aging mice.

Japanese Diet Indices and Nutrient Density in US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis with NHANES Data.

Background: Previous studies have shown that Japanese dietary patterns are associated with high nutrient density. However, these studies were limited to the Japanese population. We examined this association in the US population.

Long-term survival comparison of patients admitted to the intensive care unit following in-hospital cardiac arrest in perioperative and ward settings. A multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Perioperative in-hospital cardiac arrests (Perioperative IHCAs) may have better outcomes than IHCAs in the ward (Ward IHCAs), due to enhanced monitoring and faster response. However, quantitative comparisons of their long-term outcomes are lacking, posing challenges for prognostication.

Methods: This retrospective multicentre study included adult intensive care unit (ICU) admissions from theatre/recovery or wards with a diagnosis of cardiac arrest between January 2018 and March 2022.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case with a Novel NF1 Gene Mutation.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant multi-organ disease. The clinical manifestations include not only skin lesions and malignant tumors but also lung complications, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the association between gene mutations in NF1 and the occurrence of PAH has not yet been elucidated.

Calibrationless monocular vision musculoskeletal simulation during gait.

With computer vision technology and prediction of ground reaction forces (GRF), a previous study performed markerless motion capture and musculoskeletal simulation with two smartphones (OpenCap). A recent approach can reconstruct 3D human motion from a single video without calibration and it may further simplify the motion capture process. However it has not been combined with musculoskeletal simulation and the validity is unclear.

The impact of frailty on survival times up to one year among patients admitted to ICU with in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a serious medical emergency. When IHCA occurs in patients with frailty, short-term survival is poor. However, the impact of frailty on long-term survival is unknown.

Perfluoropolyether-Based Gut-Liver-on-a-Chip for the Evaluation of First-Pass Metabolism and Oral Bioavailability of Drugs.

In the evolving field of drug discovery and development, multiorgans-on-a-chip and microphysiological systems are gaining popularity owing to their ability to emulate in vivo biological environments. Among the various gut-liver-on-a-chip systems for studying oral drug absorption, the chip developed in this study stands out with two distinct features: incorporation of perfluoropolyether (PFPE) to effectively mitigate drug sorption and a unique enterohepatic single-passage system, which simplifies the analysis of first-pass metabolism and oral bioavailability. By introducing a bolus drug injection into the liver compartment, hepatic extraction alone could be evaluated, further enhancing our estimation of intestinal availability.

Validity of muscle activation estimated with predicted ground reaction force in inverse dynamics based musculoskeletal simulation during gait.

The inverse dynamics based musculoskeletal simulation needs ground reaction forces (GRF) as an external force input. GRF can be predicted from kinematic data. However, the validity of estimated muscle activation using the predicted GRF has remained unclear.

FRailty in Australian patients admitted to Intensive care unit after eLective CANCER-related SURGery: a retrospective multicentre cohort study (FRAIL-CANCER-SURG study).

Background: The association between frailty and short-term and long-term outcomes in patients receiving elective surgery for cancer remains unclear, particularly in those admitted to the ICU.

Methods: In this multicentre retrospective cohort study, we included adults ≥16 yr old admitted to 158 ICUs in Australia from January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022 after elective surgery for cancer. We investigated the association between frailty and survival time up to 4 yr (primary outcome), adjusting for a prespecified set of covariates.

Three-Dimensional Modeling with Osteoblast-like Cells under External Magnetic Field Conditions Using Magnetic Nano-Ferrite Particles for the Development of Cell-Derived Artificial Bone.

The progress in artificial bone research is crucial for addressing fractures and bone defects in the aging population. However, challenges persist in terms of biocompatibility and structural complexity. Nanotechnology provides a promising avenue by which to overcome these challenges, with nano-ferrite particles (NFPs) exhibiting superparamagnetic properties.

Immediate effects of standing unstable board intervention on the non-paralyzed leg on sitting balance in severe hemiplegia: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Unstable board intervention for patients with stroke improves sitting balance and trunk function. However, because patients with severe stroke are at high risk of falling, it is mostly adapted in mild cases.

Objective: We aimed to examine the effect of standing unstable board intervention for the non-paralyzed lower limbs on sitting balance in patients with hemiplegia.

Frailty and long-term survival among patients in Australian intensive care units with metastatic cancer (FRAIL-CANCER study): a retrospective registry-based cohort study.

Background: Recent advances in cancer therapeutics have improved outcomes, resulting in increasing candidacy of patients with metastatic cancer being admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). A large proportion of patients also have frailty, predisposing them to poor outcomes, yet the literature reporting on this is scarce. We aimed to assess the impact of frailty on survival in patients with metastatic cancer admitted to the ICU.

Corneal refractive error and astigmatism in patients aged 6 to 18 years with a history of retinopathy of prematurity and birth weight of <1500 g.

Purpose: To investigate corneal refractive power (CR) and astigmatism (AS) in 6- to 18-year-old children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and birth weight of <1500 g who either did or did not undergo retinal photocoagulation (PC).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We examined 143 eyes of 77 children in 2021.

A novel diagnostic examination for dropped head syndrome (DHS) (Prone position cervical extension test; DHS test).

Background: Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is followed by severe cervical extension muscle weakness that results in chin-on chest deformity. However, maintaining a neutral cervical position can be temporarily possible, and the diagnosis of DHS might sometimes be difficult. The purpose of the present study is to examine a novel clinical test (DHS test) as the diagnostic utility for objective evaluation that focuses on cervical extension condition in the prone position.

Bivalent structure of a TNFR2-selective and agonistic TNF-α mutein Fc-fusion protein enhances the expansion activity of regulatory T cells.

Recently, TNF receptor type 2 (TNFR2) signaling was found to be involved in the proliferation and activation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subpopulation of lymphocytes that suppress immune responses. Tregs mediate peripheral immune tolerance, and the disruption of their functions causes autoimmune diseases or allergy. Therefore, cell expanders or regulators of Tregs that control immunosuppressive activity can be used to treat these diseases.

Relationship between Adsorption and Toxicity of Nephrotoxic Drugs in Microphysiological Systems (MPS).

Microphysiological systems (MPS) are an emerging technology for next-generation drug screening in non-clinical tests. Microphysiological systems are microfluidic devices that reconstitute the physiological functions of a human organ using a three-dimensional in vivo-mimicking microenvironment. In the future, MPSs are expected to reduce the number of animal experiments, improve prediction methods for drug efficacy in clinical settings, and reduce the costs of drug discovery.

[OBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF SUBLINGUAL IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC ALLERGIC RHINITIS RESPOND TO SQ HOUSE DUST MITE].

Background: Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has become applicable to insurance for children in Japan in 2018. However, as for the efficacy of SLIT for children, objective evaluation methods have not been sufficiently investigated.

Subjects And Methods: We investigated the efficacy of SLIT as both subjective and objective evaluation in 44 children with allergic rhinitis sensitized to house dust mite who started the treatment in the summer of 2018 in our hospital.

Cells sorted off hiPSC-derived kidney organoids coupled with immortalized cells reliably model the proximal tubule.

Of late, numerous microphysiological systems have been employed to model the renal proximal tubule. Yet there is lack of research on refining the functions of the proximal tubule epithelial layer-selective filtration and reabsorption. In this report, pseudo proximal tubule cells extracted from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids are combined and cultured with immortalized proximal tubule cells.

Efficacy and safety of low- and high-dose slow oral egg immunotherapy for hen's egg allergy: Single-center non-inferiority randomized trial.

Background: Low-dose oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a safe treatment for hen's egg allergy; however, comparison of its therapeutic effects with those of high-dose OIT has not been reported.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of low- and high-dose boiled egg-white (EW) OIT for hen's egg allergy.

Methods: Patients with hen's egg allergy were randomly assigned to two groups: OIT using hard-boiled EW with a maximum maintenance dose of 2 and 20 g in the low-dose (L-D) and high-dose (H-D) groups, respectively.

Impact of airline network on the global importation risk of mpox, 2022.

From 1 January 2022 to 4 September 2022, a total of 53 996 mpox cases were confirmed globally. Cases are predominantly concentrated in Europe and the Americas, while other regions are also continuously observing imported cases. This study aimed to estimate the potential global risk of mpox importation and consider hypothetical scenarios of travel restrictions by varying passenger volumes (PVs) via airline travel network.

Dose-response relationship between diarrhea quantity and mortality in critical care patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that diarrhea, defined as a dichotomized cutoff, is associated with increased mortality of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to examine the dose-response relationship between the quantity of diarrhea and mortality in ICU patients with newly developed diarrhea.

Methods: We conducted this single-center retrospective cohort study.