Gallbladder hemorrhage associated with segmental arterial mediolysis: a case report.

Background: Gallbladder hemorrhage is a rare but fatal condition. The reported causes of gallbladder hemorrhage include iatrogenesis, atherosclerotic changes in the cystic arteries, acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis, malignancy, trauma, hemophilia, pseudoaneurysm, and the use of oral anticoagulant medications. Recently, segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) has been reported as a possible etiology of life-threatening abdominal, retroperitoneal, and intracranial hemorrhages.

ATS/JRS/ALAT Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Guidelines for Diagnosis of humidifier lung and summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Background: The ATS/JRS/ALAT Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (GL for HP) were published in 2020. Humidifier lung and summer-type HP are forms of HP, but it is unclear whether they can be diagnosed using GL for HP. This study examined the level of confidence where humidifier lung and summer-type HP can be diagnosed with GL for HP.

Prediction of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation at the Dissolving Drug Salt Particle Surface.

During the dissolution of drug salt particles, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of a free form can occur within the unstirred water layer (UWL) of the particles (UWL-LLPS). Theoretically, UWL-LLPS occurs when the free form concentration at the salt particle surface () exceeds the intrinsic LLPS concentration () of the free form. In the present study, we attempted to predict UWL-LLPS based on the intrinsic physicochemical properties of drugs.

Speech Perception in Noise and Sound Localization for Cochlear Implant With Single-Sided Deafness Compared With Contralateral Routing of Signal Hearing Aids.

Objective: Cochlear implantation (CI) for the treatment of single-sided deafness (SSD) is a relatively new treatment modality. Although comparing the effectiveness of CI and contralateral routing of signal (CROS) hearing aids (HAs) is important, very few reports on this topic exist. In this study, objective assessments and subjective assessments were conducted to determine which SSD individuals would prefer CI or CROS HAs.

A case of multiple hepatocellular carcinoma experiencing complete responses to sorafenib and atezolizumab-bevacizumab and developing severe, refractory venous congestive cutaneous ulcers on either regimen.

A man in his eighties presented with a history of bilateral leg congestive phlebitis, and multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib. When the dose was increased to 400 mg, ulcers appeared under both knees, which worsened, and the drug was discontinued 2 months after administration. However, the ulcers to 30 mm in diameter, requiring debridement and antibiotics.

Thermodynamic Correlation between Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Crystalline Solubility of Drug-Like Molecules.

The purpose of the present study was to experimentally confirm the thermodynamic correlation between the intrinsic liquid−liquid phase separation (LLPS) concentration (S0LLPS) and crystalline solubility (S0c) of drug-like molecules. Based on the thermodynamic principles, the crystalline solubility LLPS concentration melting point (Tm) equation (CLME) was derived (log10S0C=log10S0LLPS−0.0095Tm−310 for 310 K).

Cerebral Infarction Due to Occlusion of Main Trunk of Middle Cerebral Artery in Patient with Accessory Middle Cerebral Artery.

The existence of an accessory middle cerebral artery (AMCA) usually has no pathological significance. Three patients developed cerebral infarction due to thromboembolic occlusion of the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). In these patients, AMCA originating from the anterior cerebral artery was intact, and ran to the lateral side along the main MCA.

Occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic HMGB1 expression in renal cell cancer.

Objectives: We sought to examine occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) among renal cell cancer (RCC) patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 318 RCC patients with complete information on occupation and pathology in Kanagawa Cancer Registry (KCR). Longest-held occupations were grouped into manual workers (e.

Analysis of outcomes for communication mode in cochlear implant in prelingually deafened adults.

Objective: Recent studies have suggested that speech perception outcomes after cochlear implantation (CI) in prelingually deafened adults have improved with advances in CI technology and speech processing strategies. However, the outcomes vary from case to case. Communication mode has been reported in many studies as the factor that related to the post CI outcomes.

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma diagnosed by needle biopsy: a case report.

Background: Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely rare. The rate of recurrence after resection is extremely high, and the prognosis is poor. It is debatable whether chemotherapy or surgical resection is the optimal initial treatment for primary hepatic NECs.

Is equilibrium slurry pH a good surrogate for solid surface pH during drug dissolution?

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the suitability of equilibrium slurry pH (pH) as a surrogate of solid surface pH during drug dissolution (pH). A comprehensive calculation scheme for pH and pH was formalized based on the principle of charge neutrality (equilibrium charge neutrality for pH and charge flux neutrality for pH). The formalized scheme was then used to investigate the validity of pH ≈ pH approximation.

Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteriosis and fungemia after second delivery in a patient with MonoMAC syndrome/GATA2 mutation: a case report.

Background: Heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor GATA2 result in a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, including monocytopenia and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection (MonoMAC) syndrome. Patients with MonoMAC syndrome typically are infected by disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria, fungi, and human papillomavirus, exhibit pulmonary alveolar proteinosis during late adolescence or early adulthood, and manifest with decreased content of dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and B and natural killer (NK) cells.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old woman was diagnosed with MonoMAC syndrome postmortem.

Pulmonary infarction caused by sarcoidosis vascular involvement: A case report.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease. In pulmonary sarcoidosis, granulomatous vascular involvement is a common feature that occurs in all types of vessels, including large elastic arteries to venules, but sarcoidosis complicated with pulmonary infarction has not been reported. We report a case of a 60 years old female, who was operated on a clinical diagnosis of lung cancer, and histological examination revealed a pulmonary infarction and sarcoidosis.

Effects of Coformer and Polymer on Particle Surface Solution-Mediated Phase Transformation of Cocrystals in Aqueous Media.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the coformer difference on particle surface solution-mediated phase transformation (PS-SMPT) during cocrystal particle dissolution in aqueous media in the absence and presence of polymers. SMPT can occur either in the bulk phase or at the particle surface because drug molecules can be supersaturated at the dissolving cocrystal surface, as well as in the bulk phase. Previously, bulk phase SMPT has been primarily investigated in formulation development.

A case of primary hepatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine tumor (MiNEN) associated with gallbladder carcinosarcoma.

A woman in her seventies visited our hospital because of abdominal pain. Multiple hepatic tumors were detected and a liver biopsy revealed mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN), which was composed of cholangiocellular carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Diagnostic imaging ruled out primary malignancies other than the liver and identified that the tumor originated from the liver.

Morphological Change of Cerebral Aneurysm with Possible Pseudoaneurysm at A2/3 of the Anterior Cerebral Artery on Three-dimensional Computed Tomographic Angiography.

Intracranial pseudoaneurysm formation due to a ruptured nontraumatic aneurysm is rare. We describe a case of ruptured aneurysm, which showed morphological change on radiological examinations. An 83-year-old woman developed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with ventricular rupture and intracerebral hematoma in the corpus callosum.

Differential diagnosis and laparoscopic resection of an adrenal pseudocyst: A case report.

Background: Adrenal pseudocysts are infrequent entities and definite preoperative diagnosis is difficult. We present a case of left adrenal pseudocyst, which was intraoperatively identified as having an adrenal origin and was resected using a laparoscopic approach.

Presentation Of Case: A 41-year-old female was referred to our hospital for examination and treatment of a cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail.

Solitary pancreatic metastasis of gastric cancer with synchronous pancreatic ductal carcinoma: A case report.

Background: There have been a few reports on solitary pancreatic metastases of gastric cancer. We present a case of solitary pancreatic metastasis of gastric cancer with synchronous primary pancreatic ductal carcinoma.

Presentation Of Case: An 86-year-old man who had undergone total gastrectomy two and half years prior presented with a poorly enhanced tumor in the pancreatic body.

Transistor Characteristics of Charge-Transfer Complexes Observed across a Neutral-Ionic Transition.

For basic understanding of transistor properties of doped organic semiconductors, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine charge-transfer complexes are investigated, which change from neutral to ionic by varying the acceptors. When going into the ionic state, the bulk conduction increases more rapidly than the mobility, but sufficiently thin devices exhibit transistor properties. The resulting ambipolar characteristics are analyzed in the linear regions at small drain voltages in analogy with graphene transistors.

[A Case of Unclassified Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor Containing hCG-Positive Cells].

We present a case of unclassified sex cord-stromal testicular tumor with lung metastasis. A 48-year-old man consulted our hospital for left testicular enlargement that began 3 years ago. Computed tomography revealed a heterogeneously enhanced left testicular tumor 11 cm in diameter and a 5 mm metastatic lung tumor.

Mechanism of Supersaturation Suppression in Dissolution Process of Acidic Drug Salt.

Supersaturable active pharmaceutical ingredients (sAPI), such as salts, cocrystals, and amorphous solids, can form supersaturated solutions after dissolving in the gastrointestinal fluids. However, there are cases in which supersaturation is not observed in an in vitro nonsink dissolution test. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms of supersaturation suppression in the dissolution process of acidic drug salts.

Adult-onset Still's disease-associated interstitial lung disease represents severe phenotype of the disease with higher rate of haemophagocytic syndrome and relapse.

Objectives: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an inflammatory disorder characterised by sustained fevers, arthritis, and skin involvement. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a rare manifestation, and its clinical characteristics have yet to be determined.

Methods: We sought to examine the clinical characteristics of AOSD-associated ILD.

Clinicopathological features of hydrophilic polymer emboli in Japanese autopsy cases.

Hydrophilic polymer is used on multiple endovascular devices to decrease friction between these devices and vessel walls. Although it can prevent medical device-related complications, hydrophilic polymer emboli (HPE) has recently been established as a potentially fatal iatrogenic phenomenon. HPE can cause tissue injury in numerous sites, including the brain, heart, lung, skin, and intestines.

A case of combined small cell lung carcinoma with unique morphology: Investigation of tumorigenesis.

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) usually grows in a pure form with no other associated histological components. However, combined small cell lung carcinoma (cSCLC), which is accompanied by other histological components (cSCLCs) may sometimes occur. Herein, we analyzed the tumorigenesis of cSCLC containing a demarcated area of pure SCLC.

Precipitation behavior of pioglitazone on the particle surface of hydrochloride salt in biorelevant media.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the precipitation of a drug on the particle surface of its salt in biorelevant media. Pioglitazone (PIO, weak base, pK = 5.8) was used as a model drug.