EVA1-Antibody Drug Conjugate is a new therapeutic strategy for eliminating glioblastoma-initiating cells.

Background: The discovery of glioblastoma (GBM)-initiating cells (GICs) has impacted GBM research. These cells are not only tumorigenic, but also exhibit resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, it is crucial to characterize GICs thoroughly and identify new therapeutic targets.

Descriptions of Etiology, Clinical Course, and Prognosis of Patients Presenting with Pericardial Effusion.

Pericardial effusion (PE) presentation varies from an incidental finding to a life-threatening situation; thus, its etiology and clinical course remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively investigate these factors.We analyzed 171 patients (0.

The influence of stereopsis on visual saliency in a proto-object based model of selective attention.

Some animals including humans use stereoscopic vision which reconstructs spatial information about the environment from the disparity between images captured by eyes in two separate adjacent locations. Like other sensory information, such stereoscopic information is expected to influence attentional selection. We develop a biologically plausible model of binocular vision to study its effect on bottom-up visual attention, i.

The past, present and future of ACS NSQIP-Pediatric: Evolution from a quality registry to a comparative quality performance platform.

Quality and process improvement (QI/PI) in children's surgical care require reliable data across the care continuum. Since 2012, the American College of Surgeons' (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric (NSQIP-Pediatric) has supported QI/PI by providing participating hospitals with risk-adjusted, comparative data regarding postoperative outcomes for multiple surgical specialties. To advance this goal over the past decade, iterative changes have been introduced to case inclusion and data collection, analysis and reporting.

Diagnostic posture control system for seated-style echocardiography robot.

Purpose: Conventional robotic ultrasound systems were utilized with patients in supine positions. Meanwhile, the limitation of the systems is that it is difficult to evacuate the patients in case of emergency (e.g.

Structural basis of RNA polymerase II transcription on the chromatosome containing linker histone H1.

In chromatin, linker histone H1 binds to nucleosomes, forming chromatosomes, and changes the transcription status. However, the mechanism by which RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes the DNA in the chromatosome has remained enigmatic. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of transcribing RNAPII-chromatosome complexes (forms I and II), in which RNAPII is paused at the entry linker DNA region of the chromatosome due to H1 binding.

Association between serum alkaline phosphatase and cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation.

High alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels are reported to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Given the pathological link with CKD, a similar relationship may exist in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We retrospectively evaluated 1,719 patients with AF and normal hepatic function who were registered in the Shinken Database between November 2011 and March 2017.

Reduction of influenza in Osaka, Japan during the COVID-19 outbreak: a population-based ORION registry study.

Objectives: The spread of COVID-19 has affected the incidence of other infectious diseases, but there are no reports of studies using comprehensive regional population-based data to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on influenza incidence. We attempted to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on influenza using the population-based ORION (Osaka Emergency Information Research Intelligent Operation Network) registry.

Methods: The ORION registry of emergency patients treated by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel was developed by the Osaka Prefecture government.

Blood culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis and daptomycin-associated eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report.

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare but severe side effect of daptomycin, which has been recommended as empirical antimicrobial drug therapy for blood culture-negative prosthetic valve endocarditis. Here, we present a case of an 82-year-old man who developed fever, cough, and shortness of breath after 23-day treatment with daptomycin for prosthetic valve endocarditis. Bilateral ground-glass opacities were observed on computed tomography with peripheral eosinophilia of 640/μL (7%).

Medical students' perceptions of emergency medical care before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Aim: Understanding how medical students perceive emergency medical care is important in promoting education and recruitment in the field of emergency medicine. This study aimed to clarify the perceptions of undergraduate medical students on emergency medical care with a focus on comparing their perceptions before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Fourth-year undergraduate medical students were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire in 2017 and 2020.

A Phenotyping of Diastolic Function by Machine Learning Improves Prediction of Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure.

Discriminating between different patterns of diastolic dysfunction in heart failure (HF) is still challenging. We tested the hypothesis that an unsupervised machine learning algorithm would detect heterogeneity in diastolic function and improve risk stratification compared with recommended consensus criteria. This study included 279 consecutive patients aged 24-97 years old with clinically stable HF referred for echocardiographic assessment, in whom diastolic variables were measured according to the current guidelines.

Estimation of Pulmonary Arterial Wave Reflection by Echo-Doppler: A Preliminary Study in Dogs With Experimentally-Induced Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Pulmonary arterial (PA) wave reflection provides additional information for assessing right ventricular afterload, but its applications is hampered by the need for invasive pressure and flow measurements. We tested the hypothesis that PA pressure and flow waveforms estimated by Doppler echocardiography could be used to quantify PA wave reflection. Doppler echocardiographic images of tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular outflow tract flow used to estimate PA pressure and flow waveforms were acquired simultaneously with direct measurements with a dual sensor-tipped catheter under various hemodynamic conditions in a canine model of pulmonary hypertension ( = 8).

Incidence and Mortality of Emergency Patients Transported by Emergency Medical Service Personnel during the Novel Corona Virus Pandemic in Osaka Prefecture, Japan: A Population-Based Study.

Although the COVID-19 pandemic affects the emergency medical service (EMS) system, little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prognosis of emergency patients. This study aimed to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the EMS system and patient outcomes. We included patients transported by ambulance who were registered in a population-based registry of patients transported by ambulance.

Glasgow prognostic score can be a prognostic indicator after percutaneous coronary intervention: a two-center study in Japan.

Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) has been used to evaluate inflammatory response and nutritional status. This study aimed to investigate the impact of nutritional status on cardiac prognosis by using GPS in patients after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We included 862 patients who underwent PCI for stable angina pectoris between 2015 and 2018.

A Novel Non-Invasive Method for Estimating Elevated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Based on Echocardiographic Assessment of Pulmonary Artery Wave Reflection.

Background: Several non-invasive methods for pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) measurement are proposed, but none are sufficiently accurate for use in clinical practice. This study proposes a new echocardiographic method of pulmonary artery wave reflection and investigates its efficacy in managing patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Methods and results: In total, 83 patients with left heart disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), who underwent Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization, were included in the study.

Early diastolic mitral regurgitation in left ventricular aneurysm.

Diastolic mitral regurgitation is a type of functional mitral regurgitation that develops via a reversal of the left atrioventricular pressure gradient during diastole. This study aimed to explore the mechanism underlying early diastolic mitral regurgitation (EDMR) in patients with left ventricular (LV) aneurysms after anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) by assessing the intraventricular pressure difference using vector flow mapping. We enrolled 23 consecutive patients with LV aneurysms (with and without EDMR) and 15 healthy men as controls.

Identifying risk patterns in older adults with atrial fibrillation by hierarchical cluster analysis: A retrospective approach based on the risk probability for clinical events.

Background: Older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) have highly diverse risk levels for mortality, heart failure (HF), thromboembolism (TE), and major bleeding (MB), thus an integrated risk-pattern algorithm is warranted.

Methods: We analyzed 573 AF patients aged ≥ 75 years from our single-center cohort (Shinken Database 2010-2018). The 3-year risk scores (risk probability) for mortality (M-score), HF (HF-score), TE (TE-score), and MB (MB-score) were estimated for each patient by logistic regression analysis.

Relationship between number of medications and incidence of falls or bone fracture in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Shinken database analysis.

Aim: Polypharmacy is known to be a risk factor for falls or bone fracture (F/F) in elderly patients. However, this relationship is not fully described in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), for which F/F may lead to serious clinical outcomes, including major bleeding.

Methods: We analyzed 509 elderly (aged ≥75 years) patients with NVAF who had recently visited a hospital specializing in cardiology, of which 272 patients had paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and 237 had persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation (PeAF).

Heuristic bias in perception of medical students relating to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of medical students with respect to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests focusing on the frequency and survival and to identify potential problems in resuscitation education.

Methods: Fourth-year medical students in a six-year undergraduate educational system were asked to guess the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with cardiac etiology per year in Japan, related data such as the one-month survival rate from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with cardiac etiology and the number of deaths from traffic accidents for comparison. The guesses of students were compared with actual statistical data.