Postoperative pain scores and opioid use after standard bupivacaine vs. liposomal bupivacaine regional blocks for abdominal cancer surgery: A propensity score matched study.

Background: Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) are widely used for abdominal surgery with the assumption that liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is more effective than standard bupivacaine (SB).

Methods: This was a single-institution retrospective cohort study of patients administered FPBs with LB or SB ​+ ​admixtures (dexamethasone/dexmedetomidine) for open abdominal cancer surgery. Propensity score matching generated a 2:1 (LB:SB) matched cohort.

APOE E4 is associated with impaired self-declared cognition but not disease risk or age of onset in Nigerians with Parkinson's disease.

The relationship between APOE polymorphisms and Parkinson's disease (PD) in black Africans has not been previously investigated. We evaluated the association between APOE polymorphic variability and self-declared cognition in 1100 Nigerians with PD and 1097 age-matched healthy controls. Cognition in PD was assessed using the single item cognition question (item 1.

Race, ethnicity, and the use of regional anesthesia in cancer patients undergoing open abdominal surgery: A single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Where applicable, regional anesthesia has been shown to be superior to opioid or non-opioid analgesic modalities alone. However, some studies have shown ethnic-based disparities in the use of regional anesthesia in patients undergoing surgical procedures. In this study of patients who had undergone major oncologic surgery, our main objective was to compare the use of regional anesthesia between patients of different ethnicities.

A Cross-Sectional Comprehensive Assessment of the Profile and Burden of Non-motor Symptoms in Relation to Motor Phenotype in the Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry Cohort.

Background: Data on non-motor symptoms (NMS) in black Africans with Parkinson's disease (PD) are sparse.

Objective: To describe the profile of NMS in the Nigeria PD Registry (NPDR) cohort and explore the relationship between NMS and PD motor phenotype.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of the frequency and burden of NMS, based on the non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) and the Chaudhuri method respectively in our cohort.

The Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry: Process, Profile, and Prospects of a Collaborative Project.

Background: Clinical disease registries are useful for quality improvement in care, benchmarking standards, and facilitating research. Collaborative networks established thence can enhance national and international studies by generating more robust samples and credible data and promote knowledge sharing and capacity building. This report describes the methodology, baseline data, and prospects of the Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry.

A retrospective evaluation of the impact of patient ethnicity on the use of epidural analgesia or blood transfusions in children undergoing major oncologic surgery.

Background: The impact of patient ethnicity on healthcare delivery is well documented. In this study of children who had undergone open abdominal or pelvic surgery for tumor resection, we sought to compare the use of epidural analgesia or intraoperative blood transfusions between Caucasian and non-Caucasian children.

Methods: A retrospective study of 139 children was performed.

An analysis of the survival impact of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Objective: Recent evidence suggests the α2-adrenoreceptor agonist dexmedetomidine may promote metastasis of cancer cells. In this study we sought to evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine administration on the survival of children and adolescents with cancer.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Parkinson's Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Epidemiology, Genetics and Access to Care.

A low prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been reported in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. The genetic causes and clinical features of PD in this region have been poorly described. Very few reports have examined the availability and access to evidence-based quality care for people living with PD in this region.

Perioperative factors associated with persistent opioid use after extensive abdominal surgery in children and adolescents: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: In adults, preoperative opioid use and higher perioperative opioid consumption have been associated with higher odds of persistent opioid use after surgery. There are limited data on the prevalence and factors associated with persistent opioid use after major oncologic surgery in children.

Aims: In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the development of persistent opioid use in a group of children and adolescents who had undergone cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Identification of risk factors associated with postoperative acute kidney injury after cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a retrospective study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a postoperative complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence and risks factors for AKI after cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) have not been fully studied. The purpose of this study was to identify perioperative risk factors predictive of AKI after CRS-HIPEC.

Assessing the survival impact of perioperative opioid consumption in children and adolescents undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: Several studies in adult patients have suggested an unfavorable association between opioid consumption and cancer progression.

Aims: This study investigated the impact of opioid consumption on the survival of children and adolescents undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients <19 years who had undergone cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy was performed.

Beat to Beat: A Measured Look at the History of Pulse Oximetry.

It can be argued that pulse oximetry is the most important technological advancement ever made in monitoring the well-being and safety of patients undergoing anesthesia. Before its development, the physical appearance of the patient and blood gas analysis were the only methods of assessing hypoxemia in patients. The disadvantages of blood gas analysis are that it is not without pain, complications, and most importantly does not provide continuous, real-time data.

Unanticipated Compression of the Trachea in a 5-Month-Old Undergoing an MRI for Evaluation of Neurofibromatosis.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal-dominant disorder with the tendency toward the formation of tumors. Plexiform neurofibromas are the most common type of tumors seen in neurofibromatosis type 1. Approximately 50% occur in the head and neck region with a 5% incidence of airway involvement.

Perioperative Severe Hypotension in a Patient with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type IIb and Bilateral Adrenalectomies: Time to Review the Evidence for Stress Dose Steroids.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIb (MEN IIb) is an endocrine disorder which can manifest with tumors such as pheochromocytomas and neuromas. We present the case of a patient with MEN IIb, after bilateral adrenalectomies, on maintenance steroid replacement, who underwent a neuroma resection and developed severe hypotension. There is persistent controversy regarding the general administration of perioperative "stress dose" steroids for patients with adrenal insufficiency.

A multi-institutional pilot survey of anesthesia practices during proton radiation therapy.

Background And Purpose: Physicians responsible for anesthesia and/or sedation (A/S) at emerging proton radiation therapy centers (PTCs) seek information about practices at established centers. We conducted a survey of A/S practices at established PTCs to provide this information for physicians at new PTCs.

Methods And Materials: A web-based survey was sent to physicians responsible for A/S at 37 established PTCs.