Evaluation of postgraduate educational environment in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Background: Congenial educational environment (EE) is paramount to effective impartation of knowledge as required in residency training. In this study EE for residency training is evaluated using Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM).

Objectives: To assess the postgraduate educational environment at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), South-East Nigeria, using PHEEM and to determine if there are significant differences in PHEEM scores amongst various sub-groups of resident doctors.

Nutraceutical and antimicrobial potentials of Bambara groundnut (): A review.

Bambara groundnut ( (L.) Verdc.) [BGN] is an easy-to-cultivate vegetable crop neglected over the past years.

Recall of consent information by day care prostate biopsy patients: An assessment of the role of a third-party check.

Background: To evaluate the extent of recall of consent information by daycare prostate biopsy patients in our low-literacy setting. And to evaluate the role of a 3rd party check on patient's recall of consent information.

Subjects And Methods: As part of our standard of care, a formal informed consent session for day care prostate biopsy takes place 3 days prior to the procedure.

Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections and Immunological Status of HIV/AIDS Coinfected Individuals in Nigeria.

Background: Parasitic infections of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the highest causes of morbidity and mortality among HIV infected individuals. This is due to the colonization of the intestinal tract by parasites influenced by induced enteropathy caused by HIV infection. CD+4 t-lymphocytes count is a marker of the immune status of HIV infected individuals.

Retrospective analysis of a gabapentin high dose taper compared to lorazepam in acute inpatient alcohol withdrawal.

: Benzodiazepines have remained the standard of care for alcohol withdrawal syndrome; however, they have numerous unfavorable physiologic effects. Gabapentin has limited data to support a benefit in reducing benzodiazepine usage in alcohol withdrawal syndrome.: Evaluate the association of an institutional guideline and order set for alcohol withdrawal that incorporates high dose gabapentin tapers in acutely withdrawing patients.

The relationship between prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and body mass index and mid-abdominal circumference in men in a resource-poor community in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: There is paucity of information on the community-based prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men who are 40 years and older in the southeast region of Nigeria. This study seeks to determine the community-based prevalence of LUTS and the relationship between LUTS, and body mass index (BMI) and mid-abdominal circumference (MAC) in men.

Methods: An interviewer-administered, questionnaire-based survey.

Learning transurethral resection of the prostate: A comparison of the weight of resected specimen to the weight of enucleated specimen in open prostatectomy.

Background: Minimally invasive procedures in the surgical management of benign prostate enlargement (BPE) are of limited use in the resource-poor settings due to nonavailability of the requisite facilities and skills. It has been observed that teaching uroendoscopy inclusive of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) can be challenging in the resource-poor settings where the traditional master-apprentice (Halstedian) approach has remained the prevalent training technique.

Patients And Methods: We aimed in this retrospective study to assess completeness of resection in TURP by comparing the proportion of prostate tissue resected to the proportion enucleated in open retropubic prostatectomy (ORP).

Informed consent for clinical treatment in low-income setting: evaluating the relationship between satisfying consent and extent of recall of consent information.

Background: Treatment informed consent aims to preserve the autonomy of patients in the clinician - patient relationship so as to ensure valid consent. An acceptable method of evaluating understanding of consent information is by assessing the extent of recall by patients of the pieces information believed to have been passed across. When concerns are not satisfactorily addressed from the patients' perspective, recall of consent information may be low.

Predicting Gleason score using the initial serum total prostate-specific antigen in Black men with symptomatic prostate adenocarcinoma in Nigeria.

Background: Men of Black African descent are known to have the highest incidence of prostate cancer. The disease is also more aggressive in this group possibly due to biologically more aggressive tumor or late presentation. Currently, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay plays a significant role in making the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

A cost effective analysis of fixed-dose combination of dutasteride and tamsulosin compared with dutasteride monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in Nigeria: a middle income perspective; using an interactive Markov model.

Background: The number of Nigerian men presenting with benign prostatic hyperplasia is on the rise because of increase awareness about the ailment. With the renewed effort by the national health insurance scheme to cover the informal sector, it becomes imperative to determine the cost implication for managing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and the cost effective drug combination to be adopted. The objective of this study is to estimate cost effective analysis (CEA) of fixed -dose combination of dutasteride and tamsulosin compared with dutasteride monotherapy from the health service provider perspective design.

Prostate-specific antigen density values among patients with symptomatic prostatic enlargement in Nigeria.

Background: This study aims to estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting prostate cancer (CAP) in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings. We addressed this research question: Is the international PSAD cutoff of 0.15 ideal for detecting CAP in our symptomatic patients with "grey zone PSA?"

Aim: To estimate the prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) cutoff level for detecting CAP in Nigerian men with "grey zone PSA" (4-10 ng/ml) and normal digital rectal examination findings.

The Utility of Digital Rectal Examination in Estimating Prostate Volume in a Rural Hospital Setting.

Objectives: To determine the correlation between prostate volume estimated by digital rectal examination (DRE) and that estimated by abdominal ultrasound in the same patients.

Patients And Methods: Men who presented to our urology outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited in this study. We estimated the prostate size by digital rectal examination using the sliding scale as a guide and subsequently measured the prostate volume by transabdominal ultrasound.

Payment for Health Care and Perception of the National Health Insurance Scheme in a Rural Area in Southwest Nigeria.

Health insurance coverage of the informal sector is a challenge in Nigeria. This study assessed the methods of payment for health care and awareness about the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) among members of selected households in a rural area in the southwest of Nigeria. Using a multistage sampling technique, a semi-structured, pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 345 households.

Serum total prostate-specific antigen values in men with symptomatic prostate enlargement in Nigeria: role in clinical decision-making.

Background: Prostatic enlargement is a common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in men in Nigeria. Malignant enlargements must be differentiated from benign enlargements for adequate treatment of each patient. High serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) levels suggest malignancy, but some of the biopsies done due to a serum tPSA value >4 ng/mL would be negative for malignancy because of the low specificity of tPSA for prostate cancer.

Transperineal versus transrectal prostate biopsy: our findings in a tertiary health institution.

Context And Objective: Prostate cancer is a major public health issue. Its incidence is rising, especially in Nigeria. Prompt diagnosis is necessary by histology.

Reducing the burden of regular indwelling urinary catheter changes in the catheter clinics: the opinion of patients and relatives on the practice of self-catheterization.

Background: Clean intermittent self-catheterization is accepted worldwide as a standard of care for patients with long-standing need for urinary bladder decompression. Evidence of its routine practice in our low-resource setting is lacking, leading to increasing number of patients with a long-standing indwelling urinary catheter.

Objective: To seek the opinion of patients already using indwelling catheters regarding the practice of self-catheterization.

Angiosarcoma of the cervix: a case and literature review.

Background: Generally, sarcomas of the female genital tract are rare and angiosarcomas are extremely rare. They usually have poor prognosis and pose serious diagnostic challenges requiring special techniques namely special stains and immunohistochemistry for proper elucidation.

Method: A case report of a 65 old para 8 (4 alive) widow, 17 years postmenopusal, who presented with history of foul smelling brownish vaginal discharge, progressive weight loss and cervical lesion.

Problems with administration of international prostate symptom score in a developing community.

Background: The IPSS form has been found useful for assessing symptom severity, which assists in treatment choice and in monitoring patients on therapy. The form should be self-administered and requires some level of literacy. We assessed the problems associated with its administration in a developing community.

The value of international prostate symptom scoring system in the management of BPH in Jos, Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the value of international prostate symptom scoring (IPSS) system in management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Jos, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study of 104 newly diagnosed patients with BPH from June 2006 to July 2007. Patients' symptoms were initially evaluated by administering a pretreatment IPSS/Quality of Life Score (QOLS).

The relationship between prostate volume and international prostate symptom score in Africans with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objective: To determine the relationship between prostate volume and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) in Africans with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients And Method: This was a prospective study of 120 men aged between 45 to 85 years, who were referred to the urology outpatient facility for treatment of clinical BPH between July 2007 and October 2008 in Jos University Teaching Hospital. These patients were properly evaluated; a digital rectal examination was done to estimate the prostate size.

A case of vulval swelling secondary to female circumcision posing a diagnostic dilemma.

Introduction: The practice of FGM is most prevalent in the African countries such as Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Egypt, and some area of the Middle East. It is not restricted to any ethnic, religious or socioeconomic class. There are many reasons for perpetuation of this practice; the most common are cultural and religious beliefs.