Results of bladder neck reconstruction using bladder flaps in complex female urethral defects.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Female urethral defects are rare, congenital defects being more uncommon than acquired, and difficult to manage. Most female urethral defects are associated with incontinence or acute urinary retention. There is a lack of standard protocol-based management of female urethral defects because of limited experience.

Using the Modified Clavien Grading System to Classify Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: A modified Clavien classification system has been proposed to grade perioperative complications. We share our experience in grading the complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), according to this new classification.

Methods: A total of 809 PNLs performed between 2010 and 2014 were reviewed retrospectively.

Does preoperative urodynamic testing improve surgical outcomes in patients undergoing the transobturator tape procedure for stress urinary incontinence? A prospective randomized trial.

Purpose: Urodynamic studies are commonly performed as part of the preoperative work-up of patients undergoing surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We aimed to assess the extent to which these urodynamic parameters influence patient selection and postoperative outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Patients presenting with SUI were randomly assigned to two groups: one undergoing office evaluation only and the other with a preoperative urodynamic work-up.

Simultaneous progression of oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation in prostate carcinoma.

Objectives: To understand the association between markers of oxidative stress, levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cell proliferation index in relation to disease progression, clinical stage, and cytologic grade in pathophysiology of prostate carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Case control study comprised of 40 prostate carcinoma patients along with 40 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects as controls. Levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde along with total antioxidant status were measured to study the oxidative stress status in the study subjects.

Multivitamin and micronutrient treatment improves semen parameters of azoospermic patients with maturation arrest.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of multivitamin and micronutrient supplementation in azoospermic patients with maturation arrest. A total of 35 azoospermic patients showing maturation arrest on testicular biopsy were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into two groups.

Polyscope: a new era in flexible ureterorenoscopy.

Introduction: Despite improvements in instrumentation and technology in flexible ureteroscopy, the issue of procedural and off-procedural damage remains a problem. The aim of our study was to highlight our initial experience in flexible ureteroscopy using polyscope, a new advancement in the era of flexible ureterorenoscopy.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we used an 8F modular flexible, steerable polyscope for diagnostic purposes and Dormia basket removal for small renal stones.

A comparative study of artificial neural network and multivariate regression analysis to analyze optimum renal stone fragmentation by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

To compare the accuracy of artificial neural network (ANN) analysis and multi-variate regression analysis (MVRA) for renal stone fragmentation by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). A total of 276 patients with renal calculus were treated by ESWL during December 2001 to December 2006. Of them, the data of 196 patients were used for training the ANN.

Management of superficial bladder carcinoma: time to rethink the treatment strategies in the era of orthotopic neo-bladder.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the recurrence and progression, on long-term follow-up, of patients with superficial bladder cancer managed with bladder sparing approach. A total of 48 patients with superficial bladder cancer, initially treated with bladder sparing approach between 1990 and 1992, were available for long-term follow-up ranging between 10 and 15 years; the remaining patients were lost to follow-up. All patients had undergone transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical therapy.

Substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures: buccal versus lingual mucosal graft.

Aim: To compare the results of substitution urethroplasty and donor site morbidity between buccal mucosal graft (BMG) and lingual mucosal graft (LMG).

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent single-stage dorsal onlay free oral mucosal graft substitution urethroplasty by Barbagli's technique between January 2004 and August 2008 were included in this study. Patients who underwent buccal (cheek, lip) mucosal graft urethroplasty were included in group I and those who underwent LMG urethroplasty (tongue) were included in group II.

Dorsal onlay lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty for urethral strictures in women.

Objective: To describe the technique and results of dorsal onlay lingual mucosal graft (LMG) urethroplasty for the definitive management of urethral strictures in women.

Patients And Methods: In all, 15 women (mean age 42 years) with a history suggestive of urethral stricture who had undergone multiple urethral dilatations and/or urethrotomy were selected for dorsal onlay LMG urethroplasty after thorough evaluation, from October 2006 to March 2008. After a suprameatal inverted-U incision, the dorsal aspect of the urethra was dissected and urethrotomy was done at the 12 o'clock position across the strictured segment.

Neo-bladder vaginal fistula: an unusual complication after orthotopic urinary diversion.

Development of neo-bladder vaginal fistula is not an unknown complication after cystectomy and orthotopic urinary diversion in females. Compared to native bladder, the wall of the neo-bladder is much thinner that may render it vulnerable to fistulization. Injury to the vagina during cystectomy is the most important predisposing factor.

Urethral reconstruction in balanitis xerotica obliterans.

Objectives: To review the results of utilizing different grafts for substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral stricture caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO).

Methods: 153 patients who underwent substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures were included in this study. The stricture length varied from 3.

Lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a lingual mucosal graft (LMG) urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures and the donor site complications.

Methods: A total of 30 patients underwent urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures using dorsal on-lay of a LMG from March 2006 to December 2006. Most patients had balanitis xerotica obliterans as the etiology.

Dorsal onlay lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty: Comparison of two techniques.

Objectives: To compare the results of two different techniques of dorsal onlay lingual mucosal graft (LMG) urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures.

Methods: Thirty patients underwent dorsal onlay LMG urethroplasty by Barbagli's technique (group I) and 25 through a ventral sagittal urethrotomy approach (group II). All of the patients were followed up with a pericatheter urethrography at 3 weeks, retrograde urethrography with micturating cystourethrography and uroflowmetry at 3, 6 and 12 months.

Relook TURBT in superficial bladder cancer: its importance and its correlation with the tumor ploidy.

Objective: To evaluate various prognostic factor predictors of residual growth in Relook transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in superficial bladder cancer. Also, to evaluate the role of Relook TURBT along with the ploidy for prediction of recurrence and stage progression in these patients.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with superficial bladder cancer underwent TURBT after complete evaluation.

Renal transplantation using live donors with vascular anomalies: a salvageable surgical challenge.

Renal transplantation is an established mode of management for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In India, majority of the patients with ESRD depend upon live donors for renal transplantation and renal vascular anomalies are commonly seen in these potential donors. We present our experience in renal transplantation using donors with vascular anomalies.

Genito-urinary polyps: summary of the 10-year experiences of a single institute.

Objective: We present a large series of polyps situated in various parts of the urinary tract in adults, including 12 cases of fibroepithelial polyps, four cases of eosinophilic cystitis, three cases of benign prostatic epithelial polyp, and one case of transitional cell carcinoma presenting as a bladder polyp.

Material And Methods: Data on 23 patients with polyps in the urinary tract treated in our department from December 1995 to December 2005 were reviewed. The characteristics of the patients, disease, and treatment modalities were recorded.

Lingual mucosal graft substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures: our technique of graft harvesting.

Objective: To describe our technique of lingual mucosal graft harvesting for substitution urethroplasty and the complications encountered at the donor site.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients who underwent lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty between May 2006 and March 2007 were included in this study.

Technique: The site of the graft harvest is the lateral mucosal lining of the tongue.

Oral complications after lingual mucosal graft harvest for urethroplasty.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the complications at donor site after lingual mucosal graft harvesting for urethroplasty.

Methods: From March 2006 to December 2006, 30 patients of anterior urethral stricture underwent lingual mucosal graft urethroplasty. The site of the harvest graft was lateral mucosal lining of the tongue.

Surgical complications of radical retropubic prostatectomy: A single institutional experience of seven years.

Aim: To determine the surgical complications of open retropubic radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-nine cases of localized prostate cancer underwent retropubic radical prostatectomy in our department in the last seven years. Standard technique of open retropubic radical prostatectomy as described by Walsh was used.

Prediction of biochemical failure in localized carcinoma of prostate after radical prostatectomy by neuro-fuzzy.

Objective: To predict biochemical failure in localized prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy using preoperative variables.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six patients of early carcinoma of prostate underwent open retropubic radical prostatectomy from June 2002 to June 2006. Preoperative variables included age, family history, digital rectal examination, serum prostatic specific antigen (S.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: our experience with review of published reports.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse the cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with review of published reports.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all nephrectomy specimens during February 1995 to January 2006. We found 26 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Bladder mucosal autografts for repair of vesicovaginal fistula.

Twenty-two women with primary and secondary (five patients) vesicovaginal fistula attending a tertiary level urological unit in India were treated by repair of the fistula using bladder mucosal autografts. The fistula was approached transabdominally or via a combined abdominal and vaginal approach (for those involving the trigone). After closure of the vaginal layer, bladder mucosa was harvested from the dome of the bladder and laid over the fistula with sutures at each corner to fix it in place.