Incidence of childhood cancers in the North East geopolitical zone of Nigeria.

Introduction: Cancers are a major cause of childhood mortality worldwide especially in LMICs where underdiagnoses and lack of quality cancer data hampers effective cancer control efforts. This study aimed to document and describe the patterns and characteristics of childhood cancers in the North East geopolitical zone of Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study that collected cancer data from 4 out of the 6 states in the North East of Nigeria.

Emerging cancer disease burden in a rural sub-Saharan African population: northeast Nigeria in focus.

Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is plagued by myriads of diseases, mostly infectious; but cancer disease burden is rising among non-communicable diseases. Nigeria has a high burden of cancer, however its remote underserved culturally-conserved populations have been understudied, a gap this study sought to fill.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional multi-institutional descriptive study of histologically diagnosed cancers over a four-year period (January 2019-December 2022) archived in the Departments of Pathology and Cancer Registries of six tertiary hospitals in the northeast of Nigeria.

Cervical cancer awareness, perception, and attitude among tertiary health institution students in northeastern Nigeria.

Background: The devastating scourge of cervical cancer in Africa is largely due to the absence of preventive interventions, driven by low awareness and poor perception of the disease in the continent. This work is a preliminary effort toward understanding key social drivers promoting this disease in our immediate environment with a view to mitigating it.

Method: Female students of two tertiary health institutions in Azare, northeastern Nigeria, were approached to participate in this cross-sectional descriptive study.

EpCAM expression negatively regulates E-cadherin function in colorectal carcinomas.

Background: This study aimed to characterise epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) expression patterns in colorectal carcinomas (CRC) from Nigerian patients, its association with E-cadherin and tumour characteristics, to forecast patient selection for anti-EpCAM therapy among whom no data existed previously.

Methods: Tissue microarray blocks of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded CRC tissues, with their non-cancer margins of resection, were sectioned and stained with EpCAM and E-cadherin primary antibodies. Scoring for antibody staining was done semiquantitatively by combining staining proportion and intensity.

Cancer histotypes and trends in Azare, Northeast Nigeria: impact of diagnostic support disparity in data reporting.

Background: Definitive, affordable, and timely diagnosis of cancer is key to providing data for surveillance and control programmes. Care disparities have been shown to contribute to poorer survival, especially in resource-constrained populations. Here, we describe the profile of histologically diagnosed cancers in our hospital and highlight the possible effects of inadequate diagnostic support on data reporting.

The importance of the autopsy in ascertaining the cause of death and as an audit tool at the university college hospital, Ibadan.

Background: Different reasons for autopsies include medico-legal causes, medical education and deducing the cause of death. An additional benefit is auditing with regards to patient care in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The main objective of this study was to determine the concordance between ante-mortem clinical diagnoses and post-mortem causes of death.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma, adenomatous polyps and non-tumour bearing margins of resection tissues in a cohort of black Africans.

Background: Emerging data suggest a negative role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). Investigating this in developing communities such as ours helps to contribute to existing understanding of these lesions.

Methods And Findings: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CRC colectomy tissues and their corresponding non-tumour margins of resected tissues were sectioned and stained with COX-2 antibody.

Paediatric soft tissue sarcomas in a resource constraint setting: Grade and stage at presentation and at oncologic intervention are usually of poor prognostic characteristics.

Aim: To describe the pattern of paediatric Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) and Non-Rhabdomyosarcomas (NRMS) with emphasis on the indices that affect survival outcomes.

Methods: We reviewed all patients with histologically confirmed RMS and NRMS in the Departments of Pathology and Paediatrics, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria; in children aged 0-14 years. The study period was January 1991 to December 2016.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance in a black African cohort-a clinicopathologic study.

Background: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance (DFSP) is the commonest, yet rare, dermal sarcoma globally. There are few reports in the literature of this neoplasm in Nigerians and indeed in sub-Saharan Africa. This study documents our institutional practice observation and compares it with those from other regions of the world.

Reported Adherence to Antihypertensive Treatment and Outcome at Postmortem in Southwestern Nigerians.

Background: Systemic hypertension is referred to as a silent killer. Knowledge of disease and religious use of medication could mitigate against complications in hypertensives. This study evaluated outcome among decedent essential hypertensive patients in southwestern Nigeria in relation to their compliance with prescribed antihypertensive medication.

Mortality patterns in patients with diabetes mellitus at a Nigerian tertiary hospital: A 10-Year autopsy study.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with associated high morbidity and mortality. This study was a retrospective review of post-mortem examination findings of hospitalised patients with DM for causes of death.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional autopsy review of all the patients with DM in our hospital between January 2008 and December 2017 was conducted.

Correction to: Pattern and Significance of Tumour Budding in Colorectal Carcinomas Using ITBCC Guidelines: a Low Resource Setting Practice Observation.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. In Table 2, the number 36 under "N" should be 96 and "Tumour size in cm (range)" should read "Tumour size in cm."

Pattern and Significance of Tumour Budding in Colorectal Carcinomas Using ITBCC Guidelines: a Low Resource Setting Practice Observation.

Purpose: To determine the pattern and significance of tumour budding among colorectal carcinoma (CRC) Nigerian patients using the 2016 International Tumour Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) guidelines.

Methods: H&E-stained slides of resected CRC at the University College Hospital and a private laboratory, both in Ibadan, Nigeria, from January 2008 to December 2017 were reviewed. Patient age, gender, tumour size and location were obtained from the surgical pathology records.