Presentation and Analysis of the Online Evidence Gap Map, "Clinical Effectiveness of Homeopathy".

Introduction And Objective:  This study presents and analyzes the content of an online Evidence Gap Map (EGM), "", which graphically represents evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) of human clinical trials in homeopathy that were published from 1991 to 2021. The EGM was built according to the guidelines of the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), adapted for complex interventions, to represent visually relevant evidence and research gaps.

Presentation Of Evidence Gap Map Content:  The interventions, classified as rows, are characterized in the EGM not only by the homeopathic therapeutic strategy but also by individual medicines and potencies.

Homeopathy for Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Investigating the Efficacy of the Biotherapic Lumbar Vertebra (The BIOVERT Trial).

Background: Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) lacks identifiable anatomical pathology and effective pharmacological treatment. Alternative approaches in homeopathy, specifically clinical homeopathy, utilize ultra-diluted (potentized) biological products. In Brazil, standardized biotherapics from sheep tissues, particularly fifty-millesimal (LM) potencies of sheep , have shown promise in alleviating CNSLBP.

Homeopathy for Major Depressive Disorder: Protocol for N-of-1 Studies.

Background: N-of-1 studies allow the formal assessment of a patient's treatment. A single participant receives different interventions the same number of times in a crossover, double-blind, randomized design. Using this methodology, we will investigate the effectiveness and safety of a standardized homeopathy protocol in treating 10 cases of major depression.

Time of clerkship rotations' interruption during COVID-19 and differences on Progress Test's scores.

Objectives: The transition from face-to-face to remote teaching is yet to be fully understood. In clinical training, traditional teaching must prevail because it is essential for the acquisition of skills and professionalism. However, the responses of each school to the pandemic and the decision on when to resume clerkship rotations were mixed.

Homeopathy for COVID-19 in primary care: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (COVID-Simile study).

Background: Different homeopathic approaches have been used as supportive care for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, but none has been tested in a clinical trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the homeopathic medicine, Natrum muriaticum LM2, for mild cases of COVID-19.

Design, Setting, Participants, And Interventions: A randomized, double-blind, two-armed, parallel, single-center, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from June 2020 to April 2021 in São-Carlos, Brazil.

Homeopathy for Covid-19 in Primary Care: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of homeopathic medicine Natrum muriaticum (LM2) for mild cases of COVID-19 in Primary Health Care.

Trial Design: A randomized, two-armed (1:1), parallel, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial is being performed to test the following hypotheses: H0: homeopathic medicines = placebo (null hypothesis) vs. H1: homeopathic medicines ≠ placebo (alternative hypothesis) for mild cases of COVID-19 in Primary Care.

Double-blind evaluation of homeopathy on cocaine craving: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Brazil is among the nations with the greatest rates of annual cocaine usage. Pharmacological treatment of cocaine addiction is still limited, opening space for nonconventional interventions. Homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and Erythroxylum coca have been tested in the integrative treatment of cocaine craving among homeless addicts, but this setting had not proven feasible, due to insufficient recruitment.

Homeopathy for depression: a randomized, partially double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-armed study (DEP-HOM).

Background: The specific clinical benefit of the homeopathic consultation and of homeopathic remedies in patients with depression has not yet been investigated.

Aims: To investigate the 1) specific effect of individualized homeopathic Q-potencies compared to placebo and 2) the effect of an extensive homeopathic case taking (case history I) compared to a shorter, rather conventional one (case history II) in the treatment of acute major depression (moderate episode) after six weeks.

Methods: A randomized, partially double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-armed trial using a 2×2 factorial design with a six-week study duration per patient was performed.

Homeopathy for depression--DEP-HOM: study protocol for a randomized, partially double-blind, placebo controlled, four armed study.

Background: Homeopathy is often sought by patients with depression. In classical homeopathy, the treatment consists of two main elements: the case history and the prescription of an individually selected homeopathic remedy. Previous data suggest that individualized homeopathic Q-potencies were not inferior to the antidepressant fluoxetine in a sample of patients with moderate to severe depression.

Low-grade inflammation in chronic diseases: an integrative pathophysiology anticipated by homeopathy?

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and their chronic effect - low-grade inflammation - have been associated with diverse chronic conditions. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were recently proposed as a treatment strategy. Samuel Hahnemann, the founder of homeopathy, had already hypothesized a systemic and progressive disorder as the cause of many chronic diseases - the Psora theory.

Inflammatory aspects of depression.

A bidirectional relation between depression and natural immunity has been identified: depressive episodes are associated to a relative immunodeficiency, conversely inflammatory activity has been implicated in the development of depressive symptoms and in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression has been associated with a decrease in the number and activity of NK lymphocytes and hence patients with depression may show immunodeficiency towards intracellular microorganisms and tumors. Paradoxically, depression is sometimes accompanied by an inflammatory state, developed from the peripheral stimuli (atopy) or central stimuli (chronic stress) and mediated by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF and IL-1).