Intramolecular Cyclization During Bromination of the Quinoline Alkaloid Haplophyllidine.

Bromination of the furanoquinoline alkaloid haplophyllidine by molecular bromine and -bromosuccinimide was accompanied by intramolecular cyclization to form mixtures of new compounds containing additional penta-, hexa-, and spirocyclic rings incorporating the prenyl group of haplophyllidine. The structures and absolute configurations of the chiral centers of all four bromo-derivatives were elucidated using a combination of NMR spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystal structure analyses.

[Role of social factors in the formation of life quality indices in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases].

The indices of life quality were estimated by the Seattle questionnaire in 140 patients aged 19 to 79 years who had chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The results of the study determined the lower life quality indices in patients with COPD according to a number of social factors: domicile, occupation, number of family members, living conditions, and medical care.

[Application of ammotherapy for the remedial treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the rehabilitative phase].

The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and physiological efficiency of ammotherapy (PT) applied to the treatment of 112 patients in the phase of partial remission. It was shown that combination of standard baseline therapy and ammotherapy ensured positive dynamics of clinical symptoms and substantially improved parameters of external respiration and hemodynamics. It is concluded that ammotherapy can be recommended for a more extensive application to the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

[Detection of tuberculosis in the countries of Central Asia by the electronic monitoring system data].

The basic stages of putting into practice of tuberculosis monitoring systems in the Central Asian Region (CAC) (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrghyz, and Tajikistan) with the assistance of the USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Central Asian Region Programs (CDC/CAR), and the USA Agency for International Development in 2000-2006 are considered. These stages comprised: 1) modification of accounting and reporting forms in accordance with the requirements of the uniform statistical tuberculosis registration system; 2) development, adaptation, and introduction of an electronic tuberculosis monitoring and management system (ETMMS) in the regions and countries of Central Asia; 3) epidemiological analysis of information of tuberculosis monitoring systems, by using the elements of evidence-based medicine. At present, policy electronic tuberculosis monitoring systems entirely cover the areas of three countries of the region.

[Evaluation of nonspecific responsiveness from adaptive reactions in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

The frequency and nature of adaptive reactions were studied by the procedure described by L. Kh. Garkavi in 308 patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in relation to the carriage of different combinations of genetic markers.

[Relationship of the course of nephrotuberculosis in patients to various combinations of genetic markers].

To examine the body's responsiveness in different forms of nepthrotuberculosis, 237 patients underwent comprehensive clinical laboratory studies. To reveal various combinations of genetic markers, the authors determine the phenotypes of haptoglobin, the activity of red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the type of inactivation of isonicotinic acid hydrazide. According to the combinations of a complex of these genetic markers, the authors identified 4 combinations: poor, good, relatively poor, and relatively good.

[Ultrasound evaluation of intrahepatic hemodynamic disorders in patients with renal tuberculosis].

Seroechography, duplex, color, and energy Doppler studies were used to examine 50 patients with different forms of renal tuberculosis. The nature of renal blood flow was shown to depend on the magnitude of pathomorphological changes in tuberculous lesion. Spectral and energy Doppler studies revealed enhanced blood flow in the area of tuberculous infiltration.

[Use of lymphotropic therapy in the multimodality treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and comorbidity].

Regional lymphotropic therapy involving 10% isoniazid administration was included into multimodality treatment in 250 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and comorbidity. The findings have indicated that the lymphotropic therapy during the use of rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol enhances the efficiency of chemotherapy in different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, including the latter concurrent with hepatic lesion or diabetes mellitus. Lymphotropic therapy is particularly beneficial to patients with poor drug tolerability.

[New approaches to formation of registration group of individuals followed up by antituberculosis institutions in Uzbekistan].

The paper presents the results of a three-year (2000-2002) follow-up of the movement of dispensary contingents registered in tuberculosis facilities in order to develop new dispensary groups. The dispensary groups of patients with active forms of tuberculosis have been ascertained to accumulate a great number of patients with its inactive forms due to the untimely of their transfer to the inactive groups in terms of effective treatment and the clinical forms of tuberculosis. New dispensary grouping will more definitely regulate the transfer of patients from active to inactive groups and strike from the list of dispensary patients.

[Genetic variants of haptoglobin in patients with nephrotuberculosis].

Clinical, X-ray, ultrasound, and laboratory studies were made in 152 patients with nephrotic tuberculosis. Haptoglobin phenotypes were defined in the examinees. Nephorotic tuberculosis was found to occur in patients with haptoglobin 2-2 most commonly.

[Spinal and pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper presents the results of a study of the clinical course of tuberculous spondylitis of combined pulmonary tuberculosis in 86 patients admitted from different areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Patients with tuberculosis of the spine and lung have been shown to have a more unfavourable course of a specific process in the bony tissue and lung. The tuberculous process is accompanied by severe intoxication, pain syndromes.

[Clinical features of male genital tuberculosis in Uzbekistan].

The clinical course of genital tuberculosis was studied in 126 males treated at the Phthisiourology Unit (in 1992-1997). Case histories of 505 more patients (in 1974-1988) were examined. It was ascertained that there was an increase in the incidence of this disease in an old age group (51-60 years) from 9.

[Prevalence of bronchial asthma in Uzbekistan].

The prevalence of bronchial asthma has tended to increase in Uzbekistan. It is highest in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and least in the Samarkand Region. Its prevalence differs in some areas of Uzbekistan--highest in children in Karakalpakstan and in elderly persons in Tashkent.

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of tuberculosis of major joints in children and adolescents].

Results of ultrasonic echotomography (UET) are available for 42 patients with affection of major joints. Provocation with tuberculin (20 TU) was made. UET data before and 3-5 days after the provocative test were compared.

[Effectiveness of lymphotropic therapy in patients with tuberculosis in relations to genetic markers].

To study whether a combination of the carriage of genetic blood markers: haptoglobin phenotypes and red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 60 patients with destructive tuberculosis were given a new drug treatment regimen by using regional lymphotropic therapy with 10% isoniazid. The efficiency of the treatment and residual changes were found to be directly related to what a patient has as genetic background. Defining the types of combinations of genetic markers may predict the course of disease, the efficiency of treatment, and outcomes.

[Analysis of bronchial hypersensitivity in patients with bronchial asthma].

Aim: To analyse correlation between bronchial hypersensitivity in bronchial asthma (BA) and environmental factors; to propose methods of relevant correction.

Material And Methods: The trial included 97 BA patients (42 males, 55 females) aged 17-79 years. Bronchial sensitivity was studied by means of dose-dependent bronchial resistance curve (Rrs) plotted by the unit Masterlab (Germany) in the course of long-term inhalation of a gradually rising dose of methacholine.

[Tuberculosis epidemiology and disease control in Uzbekistan].

The tuberculosis situation is complicated in Uzbekistan and in other countries of the world. In the past 5 years, due to the transition from mass prophylactic examinations to the differential surveys of population groups, the annual coverage of the population to be examined by fluorographic studies has reduced from 6 to 3.5 million along with a simultaneous rise in tuberculosis detection rates from 0.

[Manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis concurrent with diabetes mellitus and various haptoglobin phenotypes].

For diagnosis, detection of the specific manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) concurrent with diabetes mellitus, 48 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) and 132 with noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDD), who carry various haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes were studied. It has been found that PT develops in IDD mainly in 5-10 years and in NIDD in 1-4 years. The gravest course of both types of diabetes is frequently encountered in those having Hp 2-2 phenotypes and slightly less frequently in those with Hp 1-1.

[Enhancing treatment efficiency of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by regional lymphotropic therapy].

To reduce the duration of treatment, to reduce the incidence of adverse effects, to enhance the total efficiency of chemotherapy in the complex treatment of 95 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, lymphotropic therapy was used with subcutaneous 10% isoniazid in combination with heparin, lazix or lidase. Lymphotropic therapy caused no side effects in response to isoniazid. Lymphotropic therapy was found to substantially accelerate abacillation, the cessation of intoxication symptoms, the closure of decay cavities and to reduce hospital stay by 1.

[Differential x-ray and ultrasound diagnosis in cavernous renal tuberculosis].

It is virtually very difficult to make a differential diagnosis of cavernous nephrotuberculosis and caliceopyeloectasia (CPE), as well as a combination of caverns and CPE at primary renal ultrasound scanning. Therefore, a complex of diagnostic methods for nephrotuberculosis should include drug echography with a diuretic. Comparing X-ray findings, ultrasound and drug echography with a diuretic allows one to differentiate cavernous nephrotuberculosis from CPE and their combinations with confidence.

[Analysis of tuberculosis quality diagnosis by autopsy data].

The records of autopsies and history cases of deceased patients served as a material for analyzing the quality of clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis in 1987-1997. A hundred and eighty and six patients (39.1%) were autopsied.

[Treatment of bronchial asthma by the Su-Jok therapy method].

Aim: To evaluate the influence of su-jok therapy (one of the methods of alternative medicine) in combination with chemotherapy on the course of bronchial asthma.

Materials And Methods: 68 patients have undergone su-jok therapy in combination with drug treatment in accordance with international asthma consensus. Control group of 44 patients received only chemotherapy.

[Tuberculosis morbidity trends among children, adolescents and young adults in Uzbekistan].

After a declining period by the mid-1980s and its stabilization in 1985-1995, the morbidity rates of tuberculosis in Uzbekistan increased in 1996 by 20.7% as compared to 1995, by 24% among children in the past decade, and 2 times among adolescents and young individuals aged under 30 years within 5 years. The rise of mortality rates is accompanied by aggravation of the clinical forms of the tuberculosis cases detected.