Impaired respiratory functions in children with cat sensitization in the early ages of childhood.

Background: To evaluate the respiratory functions in children with cat sensitization accompanying allergic respiratory diseases and to compare these with those of healthy controls, as well as within themselves by classifying according to their diseases, domestic cat exposure, and age groups.

Methods: This prospective case-control study included 130 children aged 3-17 years with cat sensitization (CS group) accompanying respiratory allergic diseases and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC group). The cases' demographic parameters were recorded, and respiratory functions were analyzed using IOS and spirometry.

Do not ignore mouth breathing syndrome: respiratory functions are affected in early childhood.

Introduction: Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a useful test for measuring pulmonary resistance and reactance from the early ages. We aimed to investigate the etiological factors of mouth breathing syndrome (MB), its effects on respiratory functions, and to compare the results with those of children with nasal breathing (NB).

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study investigated children aged 3-7 years with MB (n=202) and NB (n=127) admitted to the pediatric allergy clinic between January 2023-2024.

A novel biodegradable film based on chicken gelatin and κ-carrageenan cross-linked with oxidized phenolic compounds.

Natural and renewable polymers are gradually replacing petroleum-based plastics, mostly as a result of environmental concerns. Moreover, upcycling industrial food waste into new added-value products is a creative approach that is crucial for cleaner and more sustainable manufacturing. The aim of this study was to obtain an environmentally friendly biodegradable film using a combination of k-carrageenan (KCAR) and chicken gelatin (CGEL), which obtained from poultry by-products.

Impulse oscillometry assessment of respiratory function in pediatric patients with a history of COVID-19.

Objective: While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generally considered to exhibit a less severe clinical course in children than in adults, studies have demonstrated that respiratory symptoms can endure for more than 3 months following infection in at least one-third of pediatric cases. The present study evaluates the respiratory functions of children aged 3-15 years within 3-6 months of their recovery from COVID-19 using impulse oscillometry (IOS) and compares them with the values of healthy children.

Methods: Included in this prospective cross-sectional study were 63 patients (patient group) aged 3-15 years who contracted COVID-19 between December 2021 and May 2022, as well as 57 healthy children as a control group, matched for age and sex.

Optimization and characterization of biodegradable films from chicken gelatin crosslinked with oxidized phenolic compounds.

Chicken gelatin derived from poultry by-product was combined with caffeic acid (CA), rutin (RUT) and glycerol (GLY) to obtain biodegradable films. Optimum cross-linking conditions were investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that cross-linking led to lower L* value and higher b*, and the higher opacity values in the films.

Effect of dietary supplementation of duckweed on growth performance, carcass and non-carcass traits of horro rams fed on a commercial-based diet.

The study was aimed at evaluating growth performance, carcass, and non-carcass traits of Horro rams fed on commercial feed (CO) supplemented with different proportions of duckweed (DW). For the study, twenty-four yearling Horro rams initially weighing on average 17.73 ± 0.

A Triplicated Bladder with Diphallia; Rare Variant of Duplicate Exstrophy.

Background: Exstrophy variants are well described urologic anomalies. They are characterized by atypical anatomical and physical findings than those found in patients with classic bladder exstrophy and epispadias malformation. The combination of these anomalies with duplicated phallus is a rare occurrence.

A Novel Inflammatory Marker for the Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Platelet-Count-to-Lymphocyte-Count Ratio.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that causes systemic inflammation in the body, leading to hypothyroidism and an enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Objectives: This study aims to reveal whether there is a relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the platelet-count-to-lymphocyte-count ratio (PLR), which is used as a new inflammatory marker.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we compared the PLR of the euthyroid HT group and the hypothyroid-thyrotoxic HT group to the controls.

Does maternal fermented dairy products consumption protect against cow's milk protein allergy in toddlers?

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy in childhood.

Objective: To investigate the potential impact on the disease of the frequency, amount, and diversity of maternal consumption of fermented dairy products (FDP) during pregnancy and lactation in children with immunoglobulin E-mediated CMPA.

Methods: One hundred sixty toddlers (80 with physician-diagnosed CMPA and 80 healthy controls) and their mothers participated in this case-control study.

Polyorchidism - An Incidental Finding During Orchidopexy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Polyorchidism is an extremely rare congenital anomaly, defined as the presence of one or more extra testicles. About 200 cases have been reported in the medical literature. Triorchidism is the commonest one among all supernumerary testes.

The Low Maternal Consumption of Homemade Fermented Foods in Pregnancy Is an Additional Risk Factor for Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is the most common non-IgE-mediated food allergy and it varies between 4% and 8% in infants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential association between FPIAP in infants and maternal daily consumption of homemade fermented foods (FFs) during pregnancy.

Methods: Two hundred and seven infants were included in this case-control study, 106 with physician-diagnosed FPIAP (FPIAP group) and 101 age- and gender-matched healthy infants (control group), together with their mothers.

Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, Empagliflozin, is associated with significant reduction in weight, body mass index, fasting glucose, and A1c levels in Type 2 diabetic patients with established coronary heart disease: the SUPER GATE study.

Background: Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, yielded significant beneficiaries in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is particularly benefited the diabetic subjects with heart conditions.

Aims: We aimed to obtain a real-world data about the effects of empagliflozin add-on treatment on metabolic parameters, cardiovascular risk factors, and anthropometric measures in patients with T2DM.

Triorchidism, a Rare Genitourinary Anomaly: A Case Series.

Triorchidism is the most common type of polyorchidism. In general, polyorchidism is a rare congenital anomaly that has been reported in around two hundred cases to date. We report a case series on 5- and 12-year-old boys that visited our hospital for undescended testis, and during intervention, triorchidism was found incidentally.

Chicken gelatin modification by caffeic acid: A response surface methodology investigation.

Chemical modifications of gelatin from mechanically separated chicken meat (MSM) residue were practiced using caffeic acid as a cross-linker. The effects of oxidation period (OP), cross-linking temperature (CT), and caffeic acid (CA) concentration were investigated. Experiments were performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Pediatric bronchiectasis: An orphan disease ending in pneumonectomy: A case report.

Introduction: Bronchiectasis is chronic infectious and inflammatory disease that results in irreversible thickening and dilatation of bronchi, and significant lung function decline in children. Prompt early diagnosis and multidisciplinary intervention is crucial to control recurrent exacerbation and preserve lung function.

Presentation Of Case: We present a case of pediatric bronchiectasis in a 10-year-old female who presented with a complaint of intermittent wet cough of 5 weeks' duration associated with low grade intermittent fever, shortness of breath, easy fatigability and loss of appetite.

Tidal breath in healthy term newborns: An analysis from the 2nd to the 30th days of life.

Background: Few data are available concerning normative lung function parameters measured in unsedated neonates.

Aim: To evaluate lung function changes in neonates.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, tidal breath parameters were measured using the MasterScreen PAED system and standardized protocols.

Color stability and change in bioactive compounds of red beet juice concentrate stored at different temperatures.

In the present study, effect of storage temperature (25°, 35° and 45 C) and light (with/without aluminum foil) on betalain content, color stability and bioactive compounds of concentrated red beet juice were investigated. Degradation of betalains and change in total phenolics content followed first-order kinetics while changes of L*, a*, b* and C* values and antioxidant capacity fitted zero-order kinetic. It was determined that the reaction rate constants of betacyanin and betaxanthin degradations in red beet juice concentrates increased with increasing storage temperature and time.

The relation between serum vitamin D levels, viral infections and severity of attacks in children with recurrent wheezing.

Introduction And Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to infections and wheezing. We aimed to evaluate the relation between vitamin D levels, viral infections and severity of attacks in children with recurrent wheezing.

Materials And Methods: A total of 52 patients who applied with wheezing, at the ages of 12-60 months with a history of three or more wheezing attacks in the last year and 54 healthy children were included.

Effective treatment of different H1-antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria phenotypes with omalizumab.

Omalizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody. Until now, the efficiency of omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria has been demonstrated in several studies. However in the literature, data showing the efficiency of omalizumab in different phenotypes of H1-antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria are limited.

Neopterin Levels and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity as Biomarkers of Immune System Activation and Childhood Allergic Diseases.

Background: Although Th2 immune activation is predominant in allergic diseases, neopterinlevels and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-1 activity (kynurenine:tryptophan ratio), which reflect Th1 immune activity, increase with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation. We investigated neopterin, tryptophan, and kynurenine levels as biomarkersof the Th1 immune system activation and changes in IDO-1 activityin children with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and the total IgE level, age, and disease severity.

Methods: We divided 205 children (80 girls and 125 boys, four months to 17 years old) into four groups: controls, patients with asthma, patients with allergic rhinitis, and patients with atopic dermatitis.

Mothers' emotional states and attitudes regarding their children with asthma.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of asthma with the psychological profile (depression and anxiety) of children with asthma and their mothers as well as the attitudes of these mothers toward their children and their family relationships.

Methods: Sixty-four children with asthma, 60 healthy children and their mothers were included in the study. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) were applied to the children.

Does atopy affect the course of viral pneumonia?

Background: The presence of atopy is considered as a risk factor for severe respiratory symptoms in children. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of atopy on the course of disease in children hospitalised with viral pneumonia.

Methods: Children between the ages of 1 and 6 years hospitalised due to viral pneumonia between the years of 2013 and 2016 were included to this multicentre study.

Effect of ultrasound on some chemical and microbiological properties of sour cherry juice by response surface methodology.

In this study, it is aimed to determine effect of ultrasonication on some chemical and microbiological properties of sour cherry juice by response surface methodology, since ultrasound is known as an alternative method for thermal food processing. Sour cherry juice was sonicated at varying amplitude levels (50, 75, 100%); moderate temperatures (20, 30, 40 ℃); and treatment times of 2, 6, 10 min at a constant frequency of 20 kHz. Different ultrasonication amplitudes, temperatures, and times had no significant effect on pH,°Bx, and titratable acidity.

Vitamin D Deficiency and a Blunted Parathyroid Hormone Response in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed neuropsychiatric disorder of childhood. The etiopathogenesis of ADHD has not been fully defined. Recent evidence has suggested a pathophysiological role of vitamin D deficiency in ADHD.