Effects of scapulo-humeral training on ultrasonographic and clinical evaluations in stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: After stroke, the effects of focused scapulo-humeral training with simultaneous assessment of the changes in shoulder subluxation, related muscle thicknesses and upper limb performance have not been studied in the literature.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of an 8-week scapulo-humeral training program in addition to conventional rehabilitation on upper extremity/trunk functions, shoulder pain, and sonographic measurements of the shoulder joint and periscapular muscles.

Methods: Thirty stroke individuals were randomly separated into two groups as Group I-scapulo-humeral training (5F/10 M) and Group II - control (5F/10 M).

The Effects of Trunk and Extremity Functions on Activities of Daily Living, Balance, and Gait in Stroke.

Objectives: The primary aim is to investigate the effect of the trunk, upper extremity, and lower extremity functions on activities of daily living (ADL), balance, and gait. The second aim is to investigate the effect of trunk position sense on trunk control.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with chronic stroke were included in the study.