[About Dose-Effect Relationship in the Environment Radiation Protection].

One of the most important stages in the development of a methodology for the environment radiation protection is the assessment and justification of critical radiation exposure levels for ecosystem components. In this study application of the approach for critical dose level estimation is demonstrated on the example of the data about ionizing radiation effect on reproduction and survival of agricultural plants after acute and chronic exposures. Influence of the type of dose-effect relationship on the estimated values of the critical doses and dose rates is studied using three models (linear, logarithmic and logistic).

[V.I.Vernadskiĭ's theory of the biosphere and modern problems of radioecology].

The importance of Vernadsky's scientific heritage for the present stage of science development was substantiated. His role in the formation of radioecology as an independent scientific discipline was emphasized. The ecological consequences of an anthropogenic increase of the radiation background and the prospects of nuclear energy development were considered.

[Assessment of cyto- and genotoxicity of natural waters in the vicinity of radioactive waste storage facility using Allium-test].

Efficacy of bioassays of "aberrant cells frequency" and "proliferative activity" in root meristem of Allium cepa L. is studied in the present work for a cyto- and genotoxicity assessment of natural waters contaminated with 90Sr and heavy metals in the vicinity of the radioactive waste storage facility in Obninsk, Kaluga region. The Allium-test is shown to be applicable for the diagnostics of environmental media at their combined pollution with chemical and radioactive substances.

[Database on effects of ionizing radiation in plants: experience and application perspectives].

Information available in the literature about the effects of ionizing radiation on flora and fauna species is a basis for the development of a methodology for radiation protection of the environment. International experience in the creation of databases of radiation effects in biota is discussed. Here presented and described are the structure and the content of the database "Biological effects of radiation in plants" which at present contains more than 5000 datasets and about 19000 "radiation impact-biological effect" pairs of data.

[Correction of secondary hyperlipidemia in children with diabetes].

At 25 children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, Type I) in a decompensation stage was estimated efficiency of correction secondary hyperlipidemia. The basic group (n = 11) along with insulinotherapy and a lipotrophic preparation (methionine) accepted probiotic Bifiform Baby in a dose 0.5 g once a day within 10 days; the comparison group (n = 14) received insulin therapy and a lipotrophic preparation.

[Dynamics and ecological-genetic variability of cytogenetic disturbances in Scots pine populations experiencing technogenic impact].

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations in the vicinity of nuclear industry facilities were monitored. Aberrant cells occurrence in root meristem of germinated seeds from the impacted pine populations was found to be significantly above the reference level during all six years of observations.

[Methodology for an assessment of derived radiation levels for agrocenoses].

Radiation protection of agrarian ecosystems should be considered as an integral part of a system for radiation protection of environment, with a special concern to agroecosystems' features. A methodology is proposed for an assessment of maximum permissible doses of radiation impact for agrocenoses based on an unified analysis of available data about effects of radiation in cultivated plants. It is considered as a component of radiation protection system for agricultural ecosystems.

[Biological effects of chronic radiation exposure on plant populations].

The findings from long-term field studies on biological effects in plant populations inhabiting radioactively contaminated territories contrast in levels and compositions of dose-forming radionuclides are presented. Plant populations developing under radioactive impact show enhanced frequencies of gene and chromosome mutations, and their reproductive potential is inferior to reference populations. Even relatively low levels of technogenic impact are able to increase genetic diversity and destroy regularities inherent for intact populations.

[Cytogenetic effects in Koeleria gracilis Pers. populations from the Semipalatinsk proving ground].

The proliferative activity and the frequency of cytogenetic disturbances in apical meristem of coleoptile sprouts at germination of seeds collected from crested hairgrass populations inhabiting contrast in level of radioactive contamination sites of the Semipalatinsk test site (Kazakhstan) are studied. Sampling of biological material and soil was carrying out during three years (2005-2007). The absorbed dose to critical organs of crested hairgrass vary depending on a site from 2.

[Genetic variability in Scots pine populations from the Bryansk region contaminated by radioactive pollutants as a result of the Chernobyl NPP accident].

The method of isozymic analysis of megagametophytes is used for an estimation of genetic variability in populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), inhabiting contrast on the level of radioactive contamination (60-17800 Bq/kg on 137Cs) sites in the Bryansk region, undergone to radioactive pollution as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Values of all investigated parameters of genetic variability (heterozygosity, frequency of polymorphic loci, Jivotovski index) and frequencies of the mutations for loss of enzymatic activity increase with a doze absorbed by critical organs of pine trees.

[Cytogenetic effects in Scots pine populations from the Briansk region contaminated by radioactive pollutants as a result of the Chernobyl NPP accident].

Aberrant cell frequency in root meristem of germinated seeds collected from four populations of Scots pine in the Bryansk Region that was radioactively contaminated as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl NPP in 1986 significantly exceeded the control level durring all three years of study (2003-2005). An analysis of cytogenetic disturbances occurrence in dependence on radiation situation characteristics such as 137Cs and 90Sr content in pine cones, 137Cs specific activity in soil, and calculated doses absorbed by pine tree generative organs shows an increase in biological effect with dose burden increasing. Findings obtained are in agreement with the results of our previous studies on cytogenetic effects induction in Scots pine populations experiencing chronic radiation (the 30-km zone of the ChNPP) and technogenic (a radioactive waste reprocessing facility) impact.

[An analysis of the cytogenetic sequelae of chronic low-dose irradiation in plantings of agricultural crops].

There is a tendency for a decrease in the yield of cytogenetic disturbances with time elapsed from the Chernobyl accident. But an increased rate of cytogenetical damages significantly dependent on the level of radioactive contamination was observed even in several years after the incident. The rate of decline with time in cytogenetic disturbances induced by chronic exposure considerably lagged behind that of radiation exposure.

[An analysis of the genetic sequelae of the contamination of winter rye crops by the radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

Changes of important cytogenetical indices, like an yield of aberrant cells and their burden by damages, with dose value was shown at the study of genetical consequences of winter rye contamination with radioactive Chernobyl NPP fallout at the acute phase (the vegetation period of 1986). Larger genetical efficiency was demonstrated for low dose rate radiation. Stimulation of morphometric indices in rye seedlings characterizing their survival on the earlier stages of ontogenesis was observed together with significant increase of the cytogenetical damages.

[Statistical analysis of the mutagenic efficacy of chronic irradiation at low doses in the context of technologic environmental pollution].

Statistical analysis of natural experimental data's, that be derived in 30-km zone of Chernobyl APS to study cytogenetic action of super low doses (0.06-3.30 cGy in the course of vegetative period) chronic irradiation on combined technogenic pollution background, demonstrated that irradiation in this doses range does not bring the certain registering contribution in obtaining genetic changeability.