Publications by authors named "U Ungerstedt"
Article Synopsis
- The microdialysis technique, initially used for monitoring neurotransmitters in animals, has expanded to clinical applications, analyzing various biochemical substances relevant to cerebral energy metabolism.
- This review emphasizes the differences between microdialysis and traditional animal studies, noting that microdialysis measures interstitial fluid near the probe rather than homogenized brain tissue.
- Key findings during microdialysis include the importance of glucose, lactate, and pyruvate levels, and their ratios, especially in conditions like cerebral ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting their significance in evaluating brain energy status in clinical settings.
Background: The study focuses on three questions related to the clinical usefulness of microdialysis in severe brain trauma: (1) How frequently is disturbed cerebral energy metabolism observed in various types of lesions? (2) How often does the biochemical pattern indicate cerebral ischaemia and mitochondrial dysfunction? (3) How do these patterns relate to mortality?
Method: The study includes 213 consecutive patients with severe brain trauma (342 intracerebral microdialysis catheters). The patients were classified into four groups according to the type of lesion: extradural haematoma (EDH), acute subdural haematoma (SDH), cerebral haemorrhagic contusion (CHC) and no mass lesion (NML). Altogether about 150,000 biochemical analyses were performed during the initial 96 h after trauma.
Microdialysis enables the chemistry of the extracellular interstitial space to be monitored. Use of this technique in patients with acute brain injury has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of several acute neurological disorders. In 2004, a consensus document on the clinical application of cerebral microdialysis was published.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of death and disability. Safety and pharmacodynamics of 4-amino-tetrahydrobiopterin (VAS203), a nitric oxide (NO)-synthase inhibitor, were assessed in TBI in an exploratory Phase IIa study (NOSynthase Inhibition in TRAumatic brain injury=NOSTRA). The study included 32 patients with TBI in six European centers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain metabolism and oxygenation in healthy pigs receiving hypoventilation and hyperoxia.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol
December 2013
Article Synopsis
- Modulating ventilatory settings, specifically altering oxygen and ventilation levels, may help treat secondary brain damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases.
- In a study with pigs, those exposed to 100% hyperoxia combined with a 50% decrease in minute volume showed significant improvements in brain oxygenation and reduced lactate levels.
- However, the combination of 100% hyperoxia with a 20% decrease in minute volume resulted in increased intracranial pressure, indicating that careful adjustment of these settings is necessary for effective treatment.