DEK::AFF2 Fusion-Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series with Literature Review on an Emerging and Challenging Entity.

Purpose: DEK::AFF2 fusion-associated squamous cell carcinoma (DEK::AFF2 SCC), also reported in the literature as low-grade papillary sinonasal (Schneiderian) carcinoma (LGPSC), is a rare, primarily bland-appearing, but locally aggressive neoplasm. Morphologically, these tumors can closely resemble sinonasal papilloma (SP), especially on small or limited biopsy, often leading to misdiagnosis. DEK::AFF2 SCC is devoid of the underlying mutually exclusive EGFR or KRAS driver mutations of SP, suggesting it may represent a distinct unique entity.

Small-Molecule Disruptors of the Interaction between Calcium- and Integrin-Binding Protein 1 and Integrin αβ as Novel Antiplatelet Agents.

Thrombosis, a key factor in most cardiovascular diseases, is a major contributor to human mortality. Existing antithrombotic agents carry a risk of bleeding. Consequently, there is a keen interest in discovering innovative antithrombotic agents that can prevent thrombosis without negatively impacting hemostasis.

Platelet Spreading and Clot Retraction are Regulated by two Distinct αβ Outside-in Signaling Pathways.

Bi-directional signaling through platelet integrin αβ is essential in hemostasis and thrombosis. In quiescent platelets αβ is in a low-affinity ligand binding state. However, upon platelet activation by agonists through inside-out signaling, a rapid switch in the conformation of the integrin results in a high affinity ligand binding state capable of binding soluble fibrinogen.

Pleomorphic Adenoma with a Novel Gene Rearrangement-LINC01606::PLAG1.

Background: Pleomorphic adenoma is a well-known benign salivary gland neoplasm characterized by the presence of varying proportions of three different components, including bi-layered ducts, myoepithelial cells, and admixed within a chondromyxoid/fibrous stroma.

Method: We report an interesting case of an adult male who presented with bleeding from an extensively degenerated parotid gland mass, concerning for a vascular neoplasm versus primary malignant tumor. Microscopically, majority of the viable tumor exhibited diffuse proliferation of spindle to epithelioid cells, with focal areas depicting cribriform glands, ducts, and scant chondromyxoid stroma.

The Function of ASK1 in Sepsis and Stress-Induced Disorders.

Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a serine-threonine kinase that is ubiquitously expressed in nucleated cells and is responsible for the activation of multiple mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to regulate cell stress. Activation of ASK1 via cellular stress leads to activation of downstream signaling components, activation of transcription factors, and proinflammatory cytokine production. ASK1 is also expressed in anucleate platelets and is a key player in platelet activation as it is important for signaling.