Biodiesel synthesized from the blend of red and oil: An application of calcined base, optimization, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters studies.

The study emphasized the use of the mixed oil (MO) extracted from and Red oilseeds for the synthesis of biodiesel using a derived bio-base catalyst from calcined shell powder. The MO properties were determined with a view to examine its quality for biodiesel production. The derived calcined catalyst was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET adsorption analysis, and Hammett indicator.