Individual and Network Correlates of Antisocial Personality Disorder Among Rural Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Users.

Purpose: Examination of the association of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) with substance use and HIV risk behaviors within the social networks of rural people who use drugs.

Methods: Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to assess substance use, HIV risk behavior, and social network characteristics of drug users (n = 503) living in rural Appalachia. The MINI International Psychiatric Interview was used to determine whether participants met DSM-IV criteria for ASPD and Axis-I psychological comorbidities (eg, major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder).

Correlates to seroprevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 among rural Appalachian drug users.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the most common cause of genital ulcer disease and, along with substance abuse, an important HIV risk factor. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine HSV-2 seroprevalence in a sample of drug users in rural Appalachia. Rural Appalachian individuals age 18 or older reporting non-medical use of prescription opioids, heroin, crack/cocaine, or methamphetamine in the past 6 months (n = 499) were included.

Network structure and the risk for HIV transmission among rural drug users.

Research suggests that structural properties of drug users' social networks can have substantial effects on HIV risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the structural properties of Appalachian drug users' risk networks could lend insight into the potential for HIV transmission in this population. Data from 503 drug users recruited through respondent-driven sampling were used to construct a sociometric risk network.

Effects of antidepressants on 5-HT7 receptor regulation in the rat hypothalamus.

Recent evidence suggests that a novel serotonin receptor 5-HT7 localized in the hypothalamus downregulates in response to treatment with the antidepressant fluoxetine (Sleight et al. 1995). This receptor has also been implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythms (Lovenberg et al.

Characterization of melatonin-induced fos-like immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat.

The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is primarily responsible for the regulation of circadian rhythmicity. Melatonin, the pineal-derived neurohormone, modulates the rhythmic output of the SCN. Property timed exposure to melatonin is able to induce changes in rhythmic function and thereby entrain circadian rhythms of activity.