Vitamin D Deficiency and Maternal Diseases as Risk Factors for the Development of Macrosomia in Newborns.

The aim is to assess the association between the level of vitamin D, maternal diseases, and macrosomia in newborns. : This study included 258 full-term newborns (86 newborns with macrosomia; and 172 newborns with normal weight). Enzyme immunoassays for the determination of vitamin D were performed.

Differences in the Rates of Diagnoses of Mental and Behavioral Disorders Due to Psychoactive Substance Use by Sex and Age during Pre-Pandemic and COVID-19 Pandemic Periods in Kazakhstan.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had profound impacts worldwide on individuals with mental and behavioral disorders, including disorders due to psychoactive substance use. We investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the trends in these disorders in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Methods: We researched and compared ICD-10 data on mental and behavioral disorders due to substance use in Kazakhstan that were diagnosed in 2018-2019 (pre-pandemic) versus 2020-2021 (the pandemic period).

Lessons of the COVID-19 Pandemic for Ambulance Service in Kazakhstan.

Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) are intended to provide people with immediate, effective, and safe access to the healthcare system. The effects of pandemics on emergency medical services (EMS) have not been studied sufficiently. The aim of this paper is to assess the frequency and structure of calls at an ambulance station in Kazakhstan during the period of 2019-2023.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a First Aid Training Programme for Individuals Without a Background in Medical Education.

Objective: People without a medical education background who have the skills and knowledge to provide emergency care can be useful in emergencies, disasters, earthquakes, and pandemics to save or support the life of an injured person until hospitalization or the arrival of an emergency medical team. The purpose of the study is to assess the knowledge and skills of first aid in individuals without a medical education background within a year after training.

Materials And Methods: The study sample included 643 people without a medical education background.