Publications by authors named "U J Buchholz"
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory illness among young children. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed, uninfected (HEU) children experience a higher burden of RSV disease and have immune abnormalities that may influence their responses to live-attenuated RSV vaccines.
Methods: In a pooled analysis of clinical trials of 7 live-attenuated, intranasal RSV vaccines conducted by the IMPAACT Network among children 6 to <25 months of age with serum RSV-neutralizing titers of <1:40, the infectivity and immunogenicity of these vaccines were compared among HEU and HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children.
Inno4Vac Workshop Report Part 2: RSV-Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) Strain Selection and Immune Assays for RSV CHIM Studies, November 2021, MHRA, UK.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
October 2024
Controlled human infection models (CHIMs) are a critical tool for the understanding of infectious disease progression, characterising immune responses to infection and rapid assessment of vaccines or drug treatments. There is increasing interest in using CHIMs for vaccine development and an obvious need for widely available and fit-for-purpose challenge agents. Inno4Vac is a large European consortium working towards accelerating and de-risking the development of new vaccines, including development of CHIMs for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and Clostridium difficile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants requires that COVID vaccines be updated to match circulating strains. We generated B/HPIV3-vectored vaccines expressing 6P-stabilized S protein of the ancestral, B.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- RSV is a significant cause of infant mortality and poses health risks for older adults, prompting the development of various vaccines and treatments, including a protein-based maternal vaccine and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specifically for infants.* -
- High-income countries have seen public health benefits from using nirsevimab, and several vaccines for older adults have also been approved, with ongoing clinical trials for multiple vaccine types targeting different age groups.* -
- There's a need to address disparities in vaccine access, especially in low- and middle-income countries, with plans to advance RSV vaccination efforts globally in the near future.*
Importance: Understanding the susceptibility and infectiousness of children and adolescents in comparison to adults is important to appreciate their role in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective: To determine SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and infectiousness of children and adolescents with adults as comparator for three variants (wild-type, alpha, delta) in the household setting. We aimed to identify the effects independent of vaccination or prior infection.