Publications by authors named "U H Schmidt"
Background: There is a need for improved understanding of why 20-30% of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) develop a severe and enduring form of illness (SE-AN). Previously, we reported differences in proactive inhibition (a pre-emptive slowing of responses) in individuals with AN compared to healthy controls (after controlling for intolerance of uncertainty). The present study is a preliminary exploration of proactive inhibition in which we compared women with SE-AN with healthy comparison (HC) women and explored its association with restrictive/avoidant eating behaviours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study utilized machine learning models to identify reliable diagnostic markers for eating disorders, major depressive disorder, and alcohol use disorder, targeting young adults aged 18-25.
- The classification models showed high accuracy rates (AUC-ROC ranging from 0.80 to 0.92) even without considering body mass index and highlighted shared predictors like neuroticism and hopelessness.
- Additionally, the models were moderately successful in predicting future symptoms related to eating disorders, depression, and alcohol use in a longitudinal sample of adolescents, indicating the potential for improved diagnosis and risk assessment in mental health.
Article Synopsis
- A study investigates therapists' views on a new treatment approach called MANTRa for young people with anorexia nervosa, highlighting the need for better therapies due to increasing eating disorder cases.
- Qualitative interviews with 10 therapists led to five themes concerning the strengths and flexibility of the MANTRa workbook, the importance of a supportive therapeutic process, and how well the treatment framework ensures quality.
- The study concludes that enhancements in MANTRa's content, therapist training, and offering a digital version could improve therapy effectiveness, while case formulation letters are identified as a valuable tool for building therapeutic relationships and aiding recovery.
Article Synopsis
- The study compares the effectiveness of guided self-help and 10-session cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-T) against other psychological therapies for treating non-underweight binge/purge eating disorders in emerging adults.
- Data from 1,097 participants at 54 eating disorder services showed no significant differences in baseline symptoms across treatment types, but all treatments led to significant symptom improvements over time.
- The findings suggest that guided self-help and CBT-T are effective options and highlight the need for further research on their utilization in early intervention settings.
Article Synopsis
- This study uses multi-modal MRI to investigate neurobiological differences between anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), revealing structural and functional brain changes linked to these eating disorders.
- Key findings include reduced gray matter volume in specific brain regions (like the orbitofrontal cortex) and decreased cortical thickness, particularly in anorexia patients, which are associated with impulsivity and cognitive restraint regarding eating behaviors.
- The results suggest that these brain changes affect reward processing and contribute to the persistence of eating disorder symptoms, highlighting potential targets for future treatment interventions.