A Pregnancy and Postnatal RCT Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Overweight/Obesity: The PAIGE2 Study.

Objective: This study examined the influence of a pregnancy and postnatal multicomponent lifestyle intervention for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and overweight/obesity from 6 weeks to 12 months postnatal. The primary outcome was weight at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included change in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG).

Clinical management and outcome of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs): A single centre retrospective study.

Context: Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are rare, usually benign, slow-growing tumours arising from neural crest-derived tissue. Definitive management pathways for HNPGLs have yet to be clearly defined.

Objective: To review our experience of the clinical features and management of these tumours and to analyse outcomes of different treatment modalities.

Mothers' experiences of a lifestyle intervention for weight reduction 12 months after gestational diabetes mellitus: Qualitative findings from the PAIGE2 study.

The standardised pooled prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) globally is approximately 14 %, a reflection of increasing rates of obesity in women of childbearing age. Lifestyle interventions to reduce GDM and subsequent type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been deemed a research priority but are challenging to perform and have variable success rates. The PAIGE2 study was a pragmatic lifestyle randomised controlled trial for women with GDM and body mass index ≥25 kg/m, which began during pregnancy and continued for one year postnatally.

Air pollution, glymphatic impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

Epidemiological evidence demonstrates a link between air pollution exposure and the onset and progression of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, current understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is limited. This opinion article examines the hypothesis that air pollution-induced impairment of glymphatic clearance represents a crucial etiological event in the development of AD.

Macrophage Polarization Status Impacts Nanoceria Cellular Distribution but Not Its Biotransformation or Ferritin Effects.

The innate immune system is the first line of defense against external threats through the initiation and regulation of inflammation. Macrophage differentiation into functional phenotypes influences the fate of nanomaterials taken up by these immune cells. High-resolution electron microscopy was used to investigate the uptake, distribution, and biotransformation of nanoceria in human and murine M1 and M2 macrophages in unprecedented detail.